Chapter Two
Web Design and Development
Fundamentals
By Tesfahun N.
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HTML Fundamentals: A Beginner's Guide to Web Design and Development, Schemes and Mind Maps of Software Engineering
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Chapter Two
Web Design and Development
Fundamentals
By Tesfahun N.
Outline
❖ What is HTML ➢ Basic HTML syntax ➢ Basic Tags: Hyperlinks, Images, Formatting ➢ Headings and Paragraphs ➢ The Section: Title, Meta, Script, Style ➢ The Section ➢ Lists: , and ➢ The and elements ➢ HTML Tables and HTML Forms
What is HTML?
❖It is short form of "HyperText Markup Language". ❖ It is a language for describing web-pages using ordinary text. ❖HTML is not a complex programming language. ❖HTML file a plain-text file ❖A web site will often contain many html files that link to each other. 4
HTML Tags ❖HTML tags are the hidden keywords within a web page that define how your web browser must format and display the content ❖Most tags must have two parts, ✓Eg an opening a closing part ❖There are some tags that are an exception to this rule, and where a closing tag is not required. Eg 5
HTML Code Formatting
❖The HTML source code should be formatted to
increase readability and facilitate debugging.
➢Every block element should start on a new line. ➢Every nested (block) element should be indented.
❖For performance reasons, formatting can be
sacrificed
7
HTML page structure
❖HTML describes structure using two main sections: ✓ ✓
The Declaration ❖HTML documents must start with a document type definition (DTD) ➢It informs the web browser about the type and version of HTML ✓HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.0 XHTML 1.1, HTML 5 ➢it helps the browser to handle and load it properly. 10
HTML Tags
❖The root element of an HTML page
❖The contains meta information
❖The element specifies a title of page
❖The <body> defines the document's body, and is a
container for all the visible contents
Some Simple Tags – Example 13 ** This is a link.
Bold and italic text.
some-tags.html**
First HTML Page 14 _
well came to WP
My First Heading
My first paragraph.
_ test.html
Cont.. ❖ Tags have attributes and values :
- Eg , colore , size , height etc…. 16
href Attribute
❖The tag defines a hyperlink.
❖The href attribute specifies the URL of the page
the link goes to:
- Example
- Visit google
The alt Attribute
❖The required alt attribute for the tag
specifies an alternate text for an image, if the
image for some reason cannot be displayed
- Example
Tags Attributes ❖ Tag attributes can apply to every element: ✓Id, ✓Style, ✓Class, ✓Title etc 20