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Solution to phlebotomy final exam
21g - 22g needles are used for - answer -routine venipuncture a butterfly needle and 23- gauge needles are helpful in patients under 2 years of age because - answer -the flexibility of the tubing allows for the childs movement a dermal puncture should be - answer -perpendicular to the whorls of the fingerprint a normal bleeding time result - answer -is 2 to 10 minutes a stat specimen should be collected - answer -IMMEDIATELY additive found in green top tubes - answer -SODIUM HEPARIN, LITHIUM HEPARIN, AND AMMONIUM HEPARIN
additive found in grey top tubes - answer -SODIUM FLUORIDE / POTASSIUM OXALATE / HEPARIN additive found in lavender top tubes - answer -EDTA additive found in royal blue top tubes - answer -NONE / SODIUM HEPARIN / EDTA additives found in light blue top tubes - answer -SODIUM CITRATE additives found in red top tubes - answer -NONE additives found in yellow top tubes - answer -SPS (sodium polyanethol sulfonate), or acid citrate dextrose after preforming venipuncture you should - answer -apply pressure and instruct the patient not to bend his or her arm after the torniquet is applied blood should be drawn - answer -within 1 minute after venipuncture pressure should be applied - answer -for at least 5 mins prior to bandaging
deliver grey top tubes to this department - answer -CHEMISTRY deliver lavender top tubes to this department - answer -HEMATOLOGY deliver yellow top tubes to this department - answer -MICROBIOLOGY drawing blood from an edematous extremity may cause - answer -test results to be erroneous or altered during venipuncture the needle is inserted at - answer -a 15 - 30 degree angle with the bevel up effective communication skills include - answer -verbal skills / non-verbal skills / listening skills evacuated tubes are never used for - answer -dermal puncture colllection or collection from hand veins or other small frail veins factors to consider during site selection for venipuncture - answer -scars or burns / edema / masectomy failure to completely fill the filter paper circle for a new born screening could result in - answer -a false negative result
failure to puncture the skin across the fingerprint will cause - answer -blood to run down the finger filling tubes in the wrong order can result in - answer -CONTAMINATION OF A SPECIMEN DUE TO ADDITIVE CARRYOVER glucose tesst are collected in - answer -grey top tubes hematomas can result from - answer -inadequate pressure applied after procedure / needle penetrating through the back of the vein / needl bevel is only partially inserted into the vein hemolysyis is likely to occur if - answer -tubes are mixed vigorously / blood is pulled into the syringe to quickly / you use a needle with to small a lumen if a pateint experiences syncope during venipuncture you should - answer - remove the tourniquet and the needle if a patients door is closed when you arrive you should - answer -knock softly and open the door slowly, checking to see its alright to enter if an inpatient is asleep when you arrive to draw blood you should - answer - shake the bed gently and call out the patients name softly if blood is drawn to quickly from a frail vein it will likely - answer -collapse
lavender top tubes are used to collect - answer -CBC specimens located where the needl attaches to the syringe - answer -hub location for heel sticks is the - answer -medial or lateral borders borders of the plantar surface never use rough squeezing of massaging during dermal puncture cause - answer -it can lead to accumulation of tissue fluid which can throw off test results only speciallly trained personnel acting on a doctors orders are allowed to collect specimens from - answer -vascular access devices (VADs) open space inside the needle described by gauge - answer -lumen order of the draw - answer -yellow, light blue, red, green, lavender, and grey palpataing a vein is useful because it aids in determining - answer -the depth of a vein / the direction of a vein / the size of the vein phlebotomist should avoid the basilic vein because - answer -it lies near a major nerve and near the brachial artery and is more painful when punctured
proof of participation in workshops to upgrade skills required by some agencies to renew certification is called - answer -continuing education units CEUs reasons specimens may be rejected - answer -tube not initialed / blood is hemolyzed / improperly transported / contaminated specimen reasons to allow alcohol to dry completely before needle insertion - answer -puncture will sting less, hemolysis is less likely to occur, evaporation process helps destroy microbes royal blue top tubes are used to collect - answer -toxicology and traced metal specimens samples for PKU testing is normally collected - answer -on special filter paper scarred or burned areas should be avoided as collection sites because - answer -may be more painful for patient / may have compromised circulation / veins that are difficult to palpatate second choice vein, more visible on obesse patients - answer -CEPHALIC VEIN slanted tip of the needle is known as the - answer -bevel
the tourniquet should be applied - answer -3 - 4 inches above the injection site the two most common fingers used for capillary collection are - answer -the middle and ring fingers thixotropic gel found in light green tubes is a - answer -coagulant time needed for blood clotting in a tube containing no additive - answer -
- 60 mins to properl anchor a vein - answer -pull the skin taut with your thumb, below the tube holder tourniquets should never - answer -tied over open sores (causes infection) / tied too tightly (cuases petechiae) / left on longer than one minute (causes hemoconcentration) tubes containing anticoagulants - answer -prevent clotting tubes should always be labeled with the following informatiom - answer - patients name (ID #) / date / time of draw / phlebotomist initials / test type and urgency
two phlebotomist are discussing a patients condition in the elevator and are overheard this is what type of violation - answer -invasion of privacy (HIPPA VIOLATION) types of anticoagulants include - answer -sodium citrate, EDTA, sodium heparin, lithium heparin and ammonium heparin types of needles used for phlebotomy - answer -hypodermic needle / multisample needle / winged infusion (butterfly) veins are anchored in order to - answer -prevent the vein from rolling veins may collapse due to - answer -too large a tube being used for vein / veins that are fragile / plunger of syringe being pulled back to quickly vigorous massaging during dermal puncture can result in - answer -specimen cotamination by tissue fluid what anticoagulant is found in green top tubes - answer -sodium heparin / lithium heparin / ammonium heparin when a patient refuses to have blood drawn the phlebotomist should - answer -try to persuade the patient to have the procedure if the patient still refuses notify the physician immediately
yellow top tubes are used to collect - answer -Blood culture specimens you must draw a PT or protime specimen from a patinet with IVS in both arms what shoould you do - answer -draw the specimen below the IV line
