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Solved Exam 3 - Introduction Human Pharmacology | PHM 350, Exams of Pharmacology

Michigan State University (MSU)Pharmacology
Prof. Peter Cobbett

Material Type: Exam; Professor: Cobbett; Class: Intro Human Pharmacology; Subject: Pharmacology and Toxicology; University: Michigan State University; Term: Summer 2015;

Typology: Exams

2014/2015

Uploaded on 07/09/2015

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1. A drug which induces sedation and is used in the treatment of muscle spasms
and for which flumazenil is a pharmacological antagonist
a. Imipramine
b. Diazepam
c. Buspirone
d. Haloperidol
e. A and C above
2. The first person in your clinic one morning is the patient of one of your
practice partners. He, the patient, is being treated for depression and has had
a blood glucose assessment: he is clearly hyperglycemic. Which of the
following drugs has caused this hyperglycemic state?
a. Aripiprazole
b. Imipramine
c. Duloxetine
d. Sertraline
e. A and C above
3. Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of insomnia and would
also be expected to be useful in treatment of anxiety?
a. Buspirone
b. Ramelteon
c. Doxepine
d. Triazolam
e. A and C above
4. Which of the following drugs is used to treat anxiety but does not produce
sedation or sleep?
a. Doxepine
b. Flumazenil
c. Zolpidem
d. Buspirone
e. A and C above
5. Opiate Receptor Agonists
a. Act as analgesics by blocking the formation of prostaglandins at the
site of a wound
b. Block neurotransmission in central pain pathways
c. Reduce intracranial pressure and is therefore useful in treatment of
head injuries
d. Increase the motility of the GI tract
e. A and C above
6. Which of the following drugs inhibits reuptake or norepinephrine and of
serotonin, is used to treat depression, but is not a “tricyclic antidepressant”?
a. Duloxetine
b. Imipramine
c. Buproprion
d. Aripiprazole
e. A and C above
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  1. A drug which induces sedation and is used in the treatment of muscle spasms and for which flumazenil is a pharmacological antagonist a. Imipramine b. Diazepam c. Buspirone d. Haloperidol e. A and C above
  2. The first person in your clinic one morning is the patient of one of your practice partners. He, the patient, is being treated for depression and has had a blood glucose assessment: he is clearly hyperglycemic. Which of the following drugs has caused this hyperglycemic state? a. Aripiprazole b. Imipramine c. Duloxetine d. Sertraline e. A and C above
  3. Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of insomnia and would also be expected to be useful in treatment of anxiety? a. Buspirone b. Ramelteon c. Doxepine d. Triazolam e. A and C above
  4. Which of the following drugs is used to treat anxiety but does not produce sedation or sleep? a. Doxepine b. Flumazenil c. Zolpidem d. Buspirone e. A and C above
  5. Opiate Receptor Agonists a. Act as analgesics by blocking the formation of prostaglandins at the site of a wound b. Block neurotransmission in central pain pathways c. Reduce intracranial pressure and is therefore useful in treatment of head injuries d. Increase the motility of the GI tract e. A and C above
  6. Which of the following drugs inhibits reuptake or norepinephrine and of serotonin, is used to treat depression, but is not a “tricyclic antidepressant”? a. Duloxetine b. Imipramine c. Buproprion d. Aripiprazole e. A and C above
  1. LevoDOPA or I-DOPA is used to treat Parkinson’s disease. This Drug a. May cause psychosis as a side effect b. Has a high affinity for dopamine receptors in the striatum c. Is taken up selectively by dopaminergic neurons of the nigro-striatal system d. Produces hyperprolactinemia as a side effect e. A and C above
  2. Naloxone a. Will induce a withdrawal response in individuals being chronically treated with morphine b. Is an opiate receptor agonist c. Is used to reverse the effects of acute morphine overdose d. Is used as an antidepressant because it activates serotonin receptors e. A and C above
  3. Which of the following drugs or classes of drugs produce tardive dyskinesia and similar movement disorders when administered repeatedly at therapeutic doses? a. Haloperidol b. Amitryptiline c. Paroxetine d. Methadone e. Midazolam
  4. Carbidopa is used with levodopa in treatment of Parkinson’s Disease because a. Carbidopa reduces the proportion of each dose of levodopa being converted to norepinephrine in postganglionic sympathetic neurons b. Carbidopa reduces levodopa uptake into norepinephrine synthesizing and secreting neurons in the CNS c. Carbidopa increases the proportion of each dose of levodopa being converted to norepinephrine in the central noradrenergic neurons d. Carbidopa reduces the potential psychosis-inducing effects of levodopa e. A and C above
  5. Which of the following competes for the same binding site as Phenobarbital? a. Flumazenil b. Imipramine c. Diazepam d. Thiopental e. None and the above
  6. The problem with using levodopa alone in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease is that: a. It is not effective b. Much of each dose of levodopa does not enter the brain c. There is a high possibility that psychosis will develop

b. Triazolam c. Ramelteon d. Buspirone e. A and C above

  1. A physiological withdrawal response can be initiated by failure to administer the next dose of the drug when an individual is “dependent” on that drug. For which class of drugs doses repeated dosing produce “dependence” a. Allosteric modulators at GABA receptors b. Opiate receptor agonists c. Opiate receptor antagonists d. Tricyclic antidepressants e. Dopamine receptor antagonists
  2. Which of the following drugs is used to treat anxiety but does not produce sedation or sleep? a. Doxepine b. Flumazenil c. Zolpidem d. Buspirone e. A and C above
  3. More recently developed “atypical” antipsychotic drugs differ from older, “typical” antipsychotic drugs in that the newer drugs a. Inhibit monoamine oxidase b. Stimulate synthesis and activity of monoamine oxidase c. Have more frequent extra pyramidal side effects d. Have a greater affinity for D2 or D2A dopamine receptors e. None of the above
  4. A drug that binds to and activated brain dopaminergic receptors and that is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease a. Pramipexole b. Levodopa c. Bromocriptine d. Amantadine e. A and C above
  5. Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic which is effective and used to treat a. Depression b. Manic phases of bipolar disorder c. Psychosis-especially negative signs of schizophrenia d. Insomnia e. A and C above
  6. Naltrexone is a. Used to treat alcohol addiction b. Causes miosis in overdose c. Is an opiate receptor antagonist d. Is used to treat depression e. A and C above
  7. Thiopental

a. Is a general anesthetic drug which competes with alprazolam to bind to the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABA receptor b. Decreases the affinity of GABA for its binding site on the GABA receptor c. Is an “atypical” antipsychotic drug d. Is an antidepressant drug with the same mechanism of action as imipramine e. None of the above

  1. Fluoxetine a. Is marketed and prescribed as PROZAC for treatment of depression b. Is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor c. Is marketed and prescribed as SARAFEM for premenstrual dysphoric disorder d. Is used in the treatment of insomnia e. A and C above
  2. Dynorphin: a. Is an endogenous neurotransmitter with high affinity for D3 or DA and D4 or DA4 dopaminergic receptors in the brain b. Is co released with acetylcholine from cholinergic neurons of the brain and spinal cord c. Is the transmitter involved in the so-called endogenous analgesic system in the central nervous system d. Is an antagonist at opiate receptors in the brain but not the spinal cord e. A and C above
  3. Midazolam: a. Is used as a general anesthetic b. Is used to treat anxiety c. Binds to the barbiturate binding site of the GABA receptor d. Is used as an anti-epileptic e. None of the above
  4. Side effects of use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors to treat depression: a. Include peripheral effects dependent on evelvated norepinephrine content of postganglionic sympathetic neurons b. Include sedation c. Are commonly induced following a meal containing cheese and wine d. Are essentially absent and allow these drugs to be the most used drugs in treatment of depression e. A and C above
  5. Haloperidol acts therapeutically as an antipsychotic by: a. Inhibiting uptake of serotonin in the brain b. Inhibiting uptake of norepinephrine in the brain c. Antagonist action at dopamine receptors in limbic and cortical areas of the brain d. Antagonist action and muscarinic receptors e. A and C above
  1. The first person in your clinic one morning is the patient of one of your practice partners and is being treated for depression and has had a blood glucose assessment: he is clearly hyperglycemic. Which of the following drugs has caused this hyperglycemic state? a. Imipramine b. Sertraline c. Duloxetine d. Aripiprazole e. Buproprion
  2. The strategy in treating Parkinson’s disease includes: a. Increase the presence of dopamine in synapses between neurons of the substantia nigra and neurons of the stratum in the brain b. Increase the effectiveness of cholinergic input to the stratium in the brain c. Enhance activation of dopaminergic receptors on neurons of the straitum in the brain d. Reduce activation of dopaminergic receptors of the stratum in the brain e. A and C above
  3. A drug that inhibits degradation of dopamine within dopaminergic neurons and that is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s diseases: a. Selegiline b. Bromocriptine c. Amantadine d. Levodopa e. A and C above
  4. Symptoms of psychosis include: a. Paranoia b. Manic and depressed episodes c. Auditory hallucinations d. Fatigue and feelings of guilt e. A and C above
  5. Which of the following drugs inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and of serotonin, is used to treat depression, but is not a “tricyclic antidepressant”? a. Duloxetine b. Imipramine c. Venlaxafine d. Buproprion e. A and C above
  6. Which of the following groups of drugs is most currently used for treatment of insomnia? a. Barbiturates b. Neuroleptics c. Non narcotic analgesics d. Serotonin Receptor agonists e. Benzodiazepines
  1. Benzodiazepines: a. Decrease reuptake of GABA into axon terminals b. Prevent GABA from interacting with GABA receptors c. Increase the affinity for GABA for the GABA receptor d. Reduce the response of neurons to GABA e. A and C above
  2. Opiate receptor agonists: a. Increase intracranial pressure and should be used with care in treatment of individuals with head injuries b. Act ac analgesics by blocking the formation of prostaglandins at the site of a wound c. Block neurotransmission in central pain pathways d. Produce sedation by effects in the spinal cord e. A and C above
  3. The major difference between imipramine and Fluoxetine in terms of the biochemical/cellular effect produced by each drug is: a. Imipramine inhibits only neuronal serotonin transporters but Fluoxetine inhibits both neuronal serotonin transporters and neuronal norepinephrine transporters b. Imipramine inhibits neuronal serotonin transporters and norepinephrine transporters but Fluoxetine inhibits only neuronal serotonin transporters c. Imipramine inhibits only neuronal serotonin transporters but Fluoxetine inhibits only neuronal norepinephrine transporters d. Imipramine inhibits only norepinephrine serotonin transporters but Fluoxetine inhibits only neuronal serotonin transporters e. A and C above
  4. Imipramine is used to treat a. Enuresis b. Psychosis (schizophrenia) c. Unipolar depression and depression episodes in bipolar disorder d. Manic episodes in bipolar disorder e. A and C above
  5. Parkinson’s diseases is: a. A neurodegenerative diseases in which the underlying problem is the death of cholinergic neurons in the brain b. A neurodegenerative diseases in which the underlying problem is the death of norepinephrine neurons in the brain c. A neurodegenerative diseases in which the underlying problem is the death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain d. A neurodegenerative diseases in which the underlying problem is the death of GABAergic neurons in the brain e. A and C above
  1. A drug used to treat depression which is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor: a. Isocarboxazid b. Levodopa c. Paroxetine d. Amantadine e. Imipramine
  2. Which of the following drugs or classes of drugs are used to treat chronic neurogenic pain a. Fluoxetine b. Naltrexone c. Clozapine d. Naloxone e. A and C above
  3. Based on its mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic profile, which of the following drugs will be most likely to treat epilepsy? a. Clonazepam b. Triazolam c. Diazepam d. Buspirone e. A and C above
  4. Symptoms of psychosis include a. Paranoia b. Manic and depressed episodes c. Auditory hallucinations d. Fatigue and feelings of guilt e. A and C above
  5. More recently developed “atypical” antipsychotic drugs differ from older “typical” antipsychotic drugs in that newer drugs: a. Inhibit monoamine oxidase b. Stimulate synthesis and activity of monoamine oxidase c. Have less extra pyramidal side effects d. Have lesser affinity for dopamine receptors e. A and C above
  6. Imipramine a. Inhibits activity of monoamine oxidase b. Has side effects mediated by nicotinic cholinergic receptors c. Is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor d. Inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine into noradrenergic neurons e. A and C above
  7. If a drug has a chemical half life which is different to its functional half life as is the case for some hypnotic drugs, then we know that: a. The administered drug must have metabolites that have the same effect as the administered drug b. The administered drugs must be an antagonist at the receptor through which the effect is produced

c. The drug must be an allosteric modulator at the receptor type through which the effect is produced d. The administered drug must act on multiple type or receptors e. None of the above

  1. Resperidone produces few extra pyramidal side effects when used as an antipsychotic drug because: a. It interacts with DA3 and DA4 dopaminergic receptors b. It is not used as an antipsychotic c. It interacts with cholinergic receptors d. It only relieves the positive signs of schizophrenia e. It only relieves the negative signs of schizophrenia
  2. Methadone is used a. AS an analgesic because of its action to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis b. As a morphine/heroin substitute in morphine/heroin addicts because methadone produces a less intense withdrawal than dose morphine/heroin c. To treat acute morphine/heroin overdose d. To reverse the effects of morphine overdose e. A and C above
  3. Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic which is effective and used to treat a. Depression b. Manic phases of bipolar disorder c. Psychosis-especially the negative signs of schizophrenia d. Insomnia e. A and C above
  4. The strategy in treating Parkinson’s disease includes: a. Reduce the effectiveness of cholinergic input to the striatum in the brain b. Increase the effectiveness of cholinergic input to the striatum in the brain c. Reduce the activity of nigrostriatal neurons in the brain d. Reduce activation of dopaminergic receptors on neurons of the striatum in the brain e. A and C above
  5. Clozapine is known as an atypical antipsychotic agent because a. IT is an agonist at dopamine receptors in the brain b. It is an antagonist at dopamine receptors in the brain c. It produces elevated body temperatures in many patients d. IT produces few so called extra pyramidal side effects e. A and C above
  1. Benztropine and biperiden a. Are muscarinic receptor antagonists b. Are antidepressant drugs c. Are used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease d. Are used to treat insomnia e. A and C above
  2. Which drug or class of drug is typically associated with the side effect of loss of sexual libido a. Haloperidol b. Amytryptiline c. Paroxetine d. Methadone e. Midazolam
  3. Which of the following drugs is used to treat insomnia but does not affect the function of the GABA receptor and consequently cannot be considered for use to treat epilepsy? a. Midazolam b. Triazolam c. Zolpidem d. Ramelteon e. None of the above
  4. Which of the following drugs is most useful therapeutically in the later stages of Parkinson’s disease? a. Levodopa b. Selegiline c. Amantadine d. Pramipexole e. A and C above
  5. The first person in your clinic one morning is the patient of one of your practice partners and is being treated for depression. She complains of loss of sexual libido and you note that she has not gained any weight over the last twelve months. From this information, you deduce that she has been prescribed: a. Duloxetine b. Imipramine c. Buproprion d. Aripiprazole e. None of the above
  6. VICODIN is the trade name of a mixture of two drugs. Which of these pairs of drugs are present in? a. Oxycodone and naloxone b. Codeine and acetaminophen c. Tylenol and acetaminophen d. Hydrocodone and acetaminophen e. Naloxone and acetaminophen
  1. As an anxiolytic drug, the major disadvantage of buspirone compared to diazepam is that: a. Buspirone must be repeatedly administered for weeks before it produces a therapeutic effect but the effect of diazepam starts less than an hour after oral administration b. Buspirone is an antagonist at serotonin receptors and diazepam is an agonist at GABA receptors c. The effects of buspirone but not diazepam can be reversed by administration of flumazenil d. Buspirone is a sedative as is diazepam e. A and C above