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Sport Event Management Exam 1-
UIowa Question and answers rated A+
Which of the following is not. component of events? a. Organized b. Have several, related functions c. Consists of competing teams or individuals d. Temporary and conclude e. Gatherings of people f. Display of ritual - correct answer ✔c. Sport events have: - correct answer ✔Competition, physical/mental prowess, physical activity T/F: Sport events are carefully crafted experiences that feature competition or physical activity involving physical and/or mental prowess - correct answer ✔T Attend educational sessions, participate in discussions or meetings, attend other organized events - correct answer ✔meetings Display of products or promotional materials for public relations, sales B2C or B2C, marketing - correct answer ✔exhibitions Special celebration involving a community, concerts, performances, fine arts events, fundraisers - correct answer ✔concerts/festivals
Like meetings, often include exhibits, attendees often part of an association - correct answer ✔conventions
- Events or competitions that occur at a local or community level, participants and organizers are local
- High school and club sports
- Some college non-revenue sports (most college wrestling events, not Iowa)
- Low economic impact: spectators typically able to attend the event for free or at a low fee
- Relatively low attendance: often family and friends, not traveling long distance to be there Low media attention: newspaper or website, but not feature story - correct answer ✔minor sport events
- High economic impact, high attendance, high media attendance, national or international - correct answer ✔major sport events
- Significant economic impact, sponsors, revenue for managers or event hosts, significant ticket sales, broadcasted for more revenue
- Significant attendance, put forth a lot of effort to be there, spend money, travel, hotels
- Significant media attention, companies pay to broadcast events, TV, internet, radio
- Can be one-off or recurring
- Recurring is regular season contest (regular season, scheduled games, predetermined time, will happen again) 8 regular season games
- One-Off (Super bowl) organizing committee given the right to create one event - correct answer ✔large-scale sport events
- Take place on regular basis, regular season events, continual components
- Minor sport events can also take place regularly (club, HS)
- One sport tied to the event, makes the event team very good at planning and executing the event
- Common Characteristics:
- A part of set schedule
- Known facility
- Familiar employees and participants
- Existing event template - correct answer ✔recurring events -regional events, championship events that are bid on to gain right to host
- Additional Planning a. Often a bid process b. Operations within rights holder's guidelines c. Adapting previous editions to venue and location - correct answer ✔traveling events The NCAA Final Four is an example of a: - correct answer ✔traveling events
- Supplement a core event
- Take many forms
- Goals a. Generate additional revenue: sponsors bring in additional revenue, additional tickets to concerts and other events (have ticket to superbowl, add a ticket to the concert and arrive 3 days early) b. Promote brand awareness
c. Enhanced spectator/participant experience d. Economic Impact - correct answer ✔ancillary events A 5k or half marathon around a marathon is an example of: - correct answer ✔ancillary events
- Bring together participants from different types of sports
- Allow sports to intermingle and appreciate each other's sports
- Better environment, more unique, special These require: a. Extensive planning: different sport types, officials, equipment, and venues. (swimming cannot take place on a track and field venue) Typically are headquarters such as a hotel b. Various venues c. Necessary housing d. Community support: community members must accept the event and be willing to volunteer
- Often more participants than spectators - correct answer ✔multi-sport events National championship festival: swimming and diving, track & field, wrestling, Iowa Games, and the Olympics are examples of: - correct answer ✔multi- sport events
- 18 and under: rec, middle school, high school
- Approximately 45 million participants in 2015 (has been declining in some sports) a. Specialization (athletes choosing one sport to focus on)
c. Religious affiliation restrictions
- Making Olympics appropriate and desirable for everyone - correct answer ✔cross cultural events Interfaith games organized by Muslim association in UK allows youth to interact with new people, this is an example of: - correct answer ✔cross cultural events
- Can be: a. Traditional sports for people with physical disabilities b. Competition created for disable participants c. Goal ball sport for blind participants
- Additional equipment often needed (wheelchairs for basketball, if they do not have their own specially designed chair)
- Additional staffing often needed (medics, medication distributer, volunteers) - correct answer ✔sport events for people with disabilities Paralympic games, Evictus games, department of defense has events for disabled veterans these are examples of: - correct answer ✔sport events for people with disabilities
- Sports for older participants (50+)
- Senior Olympic games in Iowa Can create a larger economic impact compared to other events because older individuals typically have more disposable income - correct answer ✔senior sport events
- Promote family togetherness and educational components over competition
- Competition that allows family to work together
- Larger sport events that include family activities or youth competitions - correct answer ✔family sport events Drake relays (elementary participants, pole vault in a mall), runs/walks, fishing tournaments are examples of: - correct answer ✔family sport events
- Present emerging sports attractive to a new generation (skateboarding)
- Provide a valuable connection between sponsors and young customers (ESPN X-games, Monster, Go-Pro) - correct answer ✔extreme sport events
- One of the earliest documented sporting events in 776 B.C.
- Held every 4 years in Olympia (athletes had to be male, Greek, and free born)
- Way men could relax from the year's hard work
- Attracted 40,000 spectators who traveled from around Greece
- running, wrestling, boxing, horse races, pentathlon
- Competition important at this time (traveling comps, awards, attracted many athletes and spectators) - correct answer ✔Pan-Hellenic Games
- 1896 Athens Summer Olympics: 14 different countries, 241 male athletes, 43 events, James Conolly (U.S) 1st triple-jump champion
- 1972 Munich Summer Olympics: 11 members of Israel team were taken hostage and killed
- 1980 Moscow Summer Olympics: olympic boycot by U.S and allies, invasion on Afghanistan
Increased # of people able to attend games - correct answer ✔night games and lights 9 NBA players were suspended, 5 charged with assault 5 fans faced charges Lead to increased security and changes in alcohol sales regulations - correct answer ✔Malice at the Palace 1st multi-purpose dome 4 story scoreboard Crowd interaction (burrito lift, smile cam) - correct answer ✔houston astrodome largest U.S. tennis audience title 9 passed- anti gender discrimination law motivated women and girls to participate in sports - correct answer ✔battle of the sexes youth event organized by community members adult softball game for local charity - correct answer ✔community sport events increased level of youth participants intramural, club collegiate sports (Iowa mens club volleyball tournament) - correct answer ✔amateur sport events
NFL, MLB, NHL, NBA events
- minor league and semipro - correct answer ✔professional sport events a 5k run is an event targeted to satisfy - correct answer ✔participants a Vikings football game is intended to satisfy - correct answer ✔spectators per capita disposable income: expected to increase in next 5 yrs time spent on leisure and sports: projected to hold steady spectator events have external competitors
- households earning more than $100, participant sports have declining participation rates
- corporate profit/advertising expenditures - correct answer ✔key external drivers Revenue from additional sources: strengthen position and grow revenue over time spectators sports: create loyal customers, monitor competition closely participant sports adopt new tech (internet and social media) and attract local support (volunteers) - correct answer ✔key success factors spectator sports are in the __________ stage
- technology provides fan experience for semipro and regional teams
- expanded viewing possibilities (international reach, advertising/ sponsorships in broadcasting - correct answer ✔growth participant sport events re in the ________ stage
- can be independent business (X-Games, ESPN) - correct answer ✔rights holders T/F a sanction is the official approval to host an event which is granted by the manager associated with the sport event - correct answer ✔F (governing body of sport, not manager of event) contractual formal agreement that establishes a partnership
- establishes partnership
- provides approved and standardized rules
- keeps participants safe
- provides consistency of experience - correct answer ✔sanction travel to and participation in, or attendance at, a predetermined sport activity
- multi-billion dollar industry
- social benefits (ppl in community come together and interact)
- psychological benefits (pride that a region is interacting and creating awareness)
- economic benefits (money spent in region) - correct answer ✔sport tourism Which of the following about sport tourism is NOT true? a. travel has to be centered around a sport event b. must consist of an overnight stay c. must return home afterward d. destination can be visited for the reason of taking up permanent residence - correct answer ✔d
sport event property that has interest from people outside of region to spectate, getting a hotel for a night or 2 to watch an event (travel to NFL game in Dallas) - correct answer ✔event sport tourism traveling to participate in an event (Disney Marathon) - correct answer ✔active sport tourism travel to sport museums or hall of fames, revisiting events from childhood, hallmark events that take place in a historic venue - correct answer ✔nostalgia-based sport tourism T/F: the terms "sport tourism" and "tourism sport" mean the same thing - correct answer ✔F (tourism sport is going to sport event during a trip made for a separate reason) Which of the following is NOT a motivation for sport tourism? a. alleviating stress, escaping b. group affiliation, vicarious achievement c. event is near other tourist destinations d. aesthetic appreciation and drama - correct answer ✔c an organization, often non-profits, that exists specifically to attract sport events to an area and assist in hosting those events - correct answer ✔sports commission involves envisioning the event and the reason for it, consideration of multiple stakeholders, and possibly forming a local organizing committee.
games, contests, races, performances, fights/matches - correct answer ✔competition types these do not count toward standing (pre-season, bowl games, all star games)
- correct answer ✔exhibition rankings and points are not connected to season or tournament
- boxing has awards but not part of something else - correct answer ✔stand- alone collection of competitions to determine a winner over a season
- skiing, racing, golf - correct answer ✔series/tour Each team competes in a similar # of games that lead to post-season games MLB, NFL, NHL, NBA - correct answer ✔league can be at a recreation level, ensure participation in equal number of competitions - correct answer ✔round robin bunch of competitions to determine one champion at the end of a series, stand-alone - correct answer ✔tournament you lose, you are done
- tennis, NHL - correct answer ✔single elimination if you lose, you go to consolation bracket
- can have timing issues - correct answer ✔first round loser
round 16 feed-in quarter final feed-in full feed-in (main draw or consolation) - correct answer ✔feed-on consolation NCAA baseball tournament if you lose you still have a chance to work your way back up - correct answer ✔double elimination ensures more than 2 competitions per team. if you win you move right, losers move left - correct answer ✔compass draw based on:
- reg season record (NBA, MLB)
- position in rankings (tennis: points)
- qualification time (racing: drake relays)
- round robin games (KO Bracket)
- performance in previous round (swimming, track: lanes awarded) - correct answer ✔seeding identifying the most qualified prospective hosts for the sport event - correct answer ✔sport event bidding Which is not a macro-level bidding component? a. political b. infrastructure
- try to standardize sport events - correct answer ✔technostructures collaboration
- specialized units outside operating work flow of org itself
- want to collaborate to make event successful and show importance
- sponsors, service providers, broadcasters - correct answer ✔support staff fits with horizontal or flat structure.
- loose division of labor, minimal differentiation among units, small managerial hierarchy
- strategic apex is main part of structure, work is controlled by direct supervision Olympics organizers use this at beginning of planning, community and rec events - correct answer ✔simple structure
- standards originate outside its own structure: techno structure and support staff have impact on event
- focus is on standardized skill of pros who perform the work in the org
- individuals are experts and work is decentralized as they want autonomy (pro sports, NFL, MLB, olympic organizing later in the process) - correct answer ✔professional bureaucracy
- structure is superimposed on other structures
- information, plans, and policies come from apex but also from support staff and technostructures--that information is given to individuals to deliver the event (olympics as they move into execution, team at each venue)
- focus on middle line with autonomy - correct answer ✔divisionalized form
making sure process and middle line are consistent
- standardization in processes and execution
- in environments that are simple and stable
- mature orgs, managers play role in fine tuning orgs
- formal communication procedures, clear centralized hierarchy (hallmark events: Masters, Kentucky 500) - correct answer ✔machine bureaucracy
- highly organic structure that has little formalization of behavior
- job specification is based on formal training, tendency for groups of specialists to develop functional units
- work in changing environments and recognize opportunities (sports marketing agency, Indiana sports corporation) - correct answer ✔adhocracy structure form of organizationally based problem solving that attempts to achieve organizational goals by influencing and motivating actions of others
- interpersonal in nature
- create culture among org
- drive effort and overcome adversities - correct answer ✔leadership make decisions, assign tasks, allocate resources, solve problems vs. motivate and inspire, provide vision, collaborate with others - correct answer ✔managers vs. leaders
