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Standard Protocol - E-Commerce - Lecture Slides, Slides of Fundamentals of E-Commerce

E-Commerce is taking over the traditional commerce practices. It is of special concern for the IT students. Following are the key points of these Lecture Slides : Standard Protocol, Web Transfer, Response Interaction, Request Methods, Status Line, Additional Info, Language, Formatting Commands, Display, Domain Name

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 07/30/2013

asif.ali 🇮🇳

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Application

FTP HTTP NFS

Transport

TCP UDP

Internet IP

Host-to-network

Ethernet ATM

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data link

Physical

TCP/IP model OSI model

HTTP

• Standard protocol for web transfer

• Request-response interaction

• Request methods: GET, HEAD, PUT, POST, DELETE, …

• Response: Status line + additional info (e.g., a web page)

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Application

FTP

HTTP

NFS

Transport

TCP

UDP

Internet

Host-to-network

Ethernet

ATM

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport Network Data link Physical

TCP/IP model

OSI model

HTTP

Standard protocol for web transfer

Request-response interaction

Request methods: GET, HEAD, PUT, POST, DELETE, …

Response: Status line + additional info (

e.g.,

a web page)

HTML

The language in which web pages are written

Contains formatting commands

Tells browser what to display & how to display

Set “ Great News! - The head of this page is “Welcome to Yale” _ Welcome to Yale _

Great News!

” in boldface

-A link pointing to the web page: “ _Yale Computer Science Department _

http://www.cs.yale.edu/index.html

”

-with the text: “

Yale Computer Science Department

” displayed.

ocsity.co

Late 1990:

WWW, HTTP, HTML, “Browser” invented

by Tim Berners-Lee

Mid-1994:

Mosaic Communications founded (later

••• renamed to Netscape Communications)

Summer of 1995:

Market share 80%+

August 1995:

Windows 95 released with Internet

••• Explorer

January 1998:

Netscape announced that its browser

would thereafter be

free;

the development of the browser

would move to an

open-source

process

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999 2000 2001

100%

20% 40% 60% 80% Estimated Market Share of Netscape

NOTE: data are from different sources and not exact

AOL buys NetscapeNov 1998:

Uses Many “Internet Business Models”

(esp. those that involve making money by

“giving away” an information product)

Complementary products (esp. server code)

Bundling

Communicator includes browser, email tool,

One “learning curve,” integration, compatibility, etc.collaboration tool, calendar and scheduling tool, etc.

Usage monitoring

“Installed base” = “Active installed base”– Datamining, strategic alliances

Browser as “Soul of the Internet”

“New layer” (Note Internet architectural

triumph!)

Portal business
“Positive transfers” to customers– Necessity of strategic alliances– Early “electronic marketplace”
(Temporarily?) Killed R&D efforts in user

interfaces

Exposed the True Nature of Microsoft

1995: Navigator released, MS rushes IE to market

(“Openness” and standardization begets commoditization)1996: Version 3.0 of IE no longer technically inferior

MS exploits advantage with strategic allies (Windows!)

Exclusive access to premium content (from,– Incents OEMs not to load Netscape products– Contracts with ISPs to make IE the default

e.g.

, Star

Trek)

under DoJ scrutiny of its contracts with ISPs.1998: MS halts browser-based version of these “strategies”

Internet-ERA Anti-Trust

Questions are Still Open

Can consumers benefit from full integration

of browser and OS?

How to prevent “pre-emptive strikes” on

monopoly universe?potential competitors in the Windows-

(“post-desktop era” technical Solution?)
Remember: DoJ case is not about protecting

Netscape!

Recall general question we are

addressing in CPSC155b:

“What is the underlying technological

business?”development, and what is its effect on

But most of those security technologies are

not new!

Newly Relevant

to General Public

Browser activity is

monitorable

One user’s browser may interact with many

websites

Many ‘unknown’ website operators can

browsers at specific IP addresses.collect a lot of data about the behavior of

Threat or Opportunity

Getting an IP Packet From A to B

Host must know at least three IP addresses
Default router to reach other hosts (e.g., gateway)– Domain Name Service (to map names to addresses)– Host IP address (to use as its own source address)
Simple customer/company
Does not run an Internet routing protocol– Has a set of IP addresses allocated in advance– Has just one router connecting to the provider– Connected to a single service provider

Cookies

Some user-profile information is stored on

user’s

computer

Benign uses of cookies
Menu ‘click streams’– Results of previous searches– ‘One-click shopping’ information