Part 4: Standards Organizations
Introduction
This section briefly outlines some common standard organizations that are responsible for
protocols like RS232 and other issues.
Standards Organizations
Because of the wide number of hardware manufacturers, a standard is essential in order to connect
one computer to another computer if a different type. There are recognized and widely accepted
standards governing how data is to be transmitted, whether asynchronously parallel, or
synchronously. Standards govern the format of the data, and also specify the hardware details like
voltages to use, bit duration’s, speeds etc.
The major organizations responsible for standards are
• Electronics Industries Association (EIA)
Made up by manufacturers in the USA, and is responsible for RS232 and similar
standards.
• Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
Professional organization of engineers. An example is the IEEE-754 standard for
representing floating point numbers.
http://www.ieee.org/
• American National Standards Institute(ANSI)
Represents a number of US standards organizations. Member organizations submit
their standards for acceptance. An example is the ANSI standards for representing
ASCII characters.
http://www.ansi.org/
• Consultative Committee on International Telephone and Telegraph(CCITT)
International committee concerned with telecommunications. These standards deal
with telephone and data traffic. An example is X.25
• International Organization for Standards(ISO)
Has standards covering a wide range of computer related topics. The US
representative is ANSI. An example is ISO 9000 standards for quality assurance.
http://www.iso.ch
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