Statistical Methods - Answer Key for Final Exam Form A | STAT 302, Exams of Data Analysis & Statistical Methods

Form A Material Type: Exam; Class: STATISTICAL METHODS; Subject: STATISTICS; University: Texas A&M University; Term: Unknown 1989;

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STAT302: 508-510 Final Exam, Form A Fall 1997
1. In reference to simple linear regression, how do
we test the assumption that the variance about
the true regression line is constant?
A. Bartlett’s test for equal variances which is
provided in the output
B. a normal quantile plot of the residuals
C. a residual plot (scatterplot of the residuals)
D. an ANOVA test for equal means
E. the t-test in the regression output
2. Santa wants to know the proportion of kids that
have been naughty this year. If the true propor-
tion is π=0.25 (only he doesn’t know that, but
Mrs. Claus does) and he takes a sample of 100,
what is the distribution of the sample propor-
tion, p?
A. Although the mean would be 0.25, we can’t
determine the distribution.
B. pN(0.25,102)
C. pN(100,0.252)
D. pN(0.25,0.0432)
E. Only Mrs. Claus knows for sure.
3. “Christmas is a coming and the goose is getting
fat”. If XN(µ= 15lbs
2=2
2
) is the dis-
tribution of the weight of a goose, which of the
following is/are true?
A. The zscore of the sample median of any
sample of ngeese is 0.
B. The probability that a goose weighs less
than 15 is 0.5.
C. The sample mean of any sample of ngeese
is 15.
D. All of the above are true statements.
E. Exactly two of the two (excluding D.) are
true.
4. Why do we do Two-Way ANOVA rather than
One-Way ANOVA twice?
A. You can save ’money’ by using the same
data, whereas two One-Way ANOVA’s
would need two sets of data.
B. You can test more than one factor, i.e.,two
factors, simultaneously.
C. You can test the interaction between two
factors.
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
5. Which of the following statements concerning
the definition of confidence intervals is true?
A. If I compute 90% confidence intervals for a
population mean from 10 different experi-
ments, then one of the 10 confidence inter-
vals will not contain the true mean.
B. If I compute a 90% confidence interval for
a population mean, then the probability of
this interval containing the true mean is
90%.
C. If I compute a 90% confidence interval for
the mean age of American citizens, then
90% of all Americans’ ages will fall in this
interval.
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
6. You are given a 90, 95 and 99% confidence in-
terval (not necessarily in that order) for the true
population proportion of kids wanting computer
games this Christmas: (0.471, 0.541), (0.460,
0.552), (0.477, 0.535). Which of the following
is the best statement of the p-value for testing
H0:π=0.45 vs. HA:π6=0.45?
A. p-value >0.10
B. 0.10 >p-value >0.05
C. 0.05 >p-value >0.01
D. 0.01 >p-value
E. you can’t tell which interval is the 90, 95 or
99%, so you can’t say.
7. Let XN(12.4569,2.3425). Which of the fol-
lowing probabilities is the largest? (Note: you
don’t need to do any calculations!)
A. Pr(X= 18.2831)
B. Pr(X>11.4127)
C. Pr(X>15.2114)
D. Pr(X=4.5829)
E. Pr(X<10.5918)
8. Assume XN(15,32)andYN(5,42)and
that Xand Yare independent. What is the
approximate distribution of X25 Y25 ?
A. N(10,52)
B. N(20,72)
C. N(10,12)
D. N(10,72)
E. N(10,12)
2
pf3
pf4

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  1. In reference to simple linear regression, how do we test the assumption that the variance about the true regression line is constant?

A. Bartlett’s test for equal variances which is provided in the output B. a normal quantile plot of the residuals C. a residual plot (scatterplot of the residuals) D. an ANOVA test for equal means E. the t-test in the regression output

  1. Santa wants to know the proportion of kids that have been naughty this year. If the true propor- tion is π = 0.25 (only he doesn’t know that, but Mrs. Claus does) and he takes a sample of 100, what is the distribution of the sample propor- tion, p?

A. Although the mean would be 0.25, we can’t determine the distribution. B. p ∼ N (0. 25 , 102 ) C. p ∼ N (100, 0. 252 ) D. p ∼ N (0. 25 , 0. 0432 ) E. Only Mrs. Claus knows for sure.

  1. “Christmas is a coming and the goose is getting fat”. If X ∼ N (μ = 15lbs, σ^2 = 2^2 ) is the dis- tribution of the weight of a goose, which of the following is/are true?

A. The z score of the sample median of any sample of n geese is 0. B. The probability that a goose weighs less than 15 is 0.5. C. The sample mean of any sample of n geese is 15. D. All of the above are true statements. E. Exactly two of the two (excluding D.) are true.

  1. Why do we do Two-Way ANOVA rather than One-Way ANOVA twice?

A. You can save ’money’ by using the same data, whereas two One-Way ANOVA’s would need two sets of data. B. You can test more than one factor, i.e., two factors, simultaneously. C. You can test the interaction between two factors. D. all of the above E. none of the above

  1. Which of the following statements concerning the definition of confidence intervals is true?

A. If I compute 90% confidence intervals for a population mean from 10 different experi- ments, then one of the 10 confidence inter- vals will not contain the true mean. B. If I compute a 90% confidence interval for a population mean, then the probability of this interval containing the true mean is 90%. C. If I compute a 90% confidence interval for the mean age of American citizens, then 90% of all Americans’ ages will fall in this interval. D. all of the above E. none of the above

  1. You are given a 90, 95 and 99% confidence in- terval (not necessarily in that order) for the true population proportion of kids wanting computer games this Christmas: (0.471, 0.541), (0.460, 0.552), (0.477, 0.535). Which of the following is the best statement of the p-value for testing H 0 : π = 0.45 vs. HA : π 6 = 0.45?

A. p-value > 0. 10 B. 0. 10 > p-value > 0. 05 C. 0. 05 > p-value > 0. 01 D. 0. 01 > p-value E. you can’t tell which interval is the 90, 95 or 99%, so you can’t say.

  1. Let X ∼ N (12. 4569 , 2 .3425). Which of the fol- lowing probabilities is the largest? (Note: you don’t need to do any calculations!)

A. Pr(X = 18.2831) B. Pr(X > 11 .4127) C. Pr(X > 15 .2114) D. Pr(X = 4.5829) E. Pr(X < 10 .5918)

  1. Assume X ∼ N (15, 32 ) and^ Y^ ∼^ N^ (5,^42 ) and that X and Y are independent. What is the approximate distribution of X 25 − Y 25?

A. N (10, 52 ) B. N (20, 72 ) C. N (10, − 12 ) D. N (10, 72 ) E. N (10, 12 )

  1. Which of the following correctly identifies the as- sumptions required of regression inference proce- dures?

A. The errors associated with the Y ’s are in- dependent and have a normal distribution with constant mean and variance σ ^2. B. The errors associated with the X’s are in- dependent and have a normal distribution with constant mean and variance σ ^2. C. The errors associated with the Y ’s are in- dependent and have a normal distribution with zero mean and constant variance σ ^2. D. The Y ’s are independent and have a normal distribution with zero mean and variance σ^2 . E. The errors associated with the Y ’s are in- dependent and have a normal distribution with constant mean and zero variance.

  1. Given the following regression equation: yˆ =
    1. 27 − 1. 14 x the predicted value at x = 39 is:

A. -77. B. 77. C. 166. D. Not enough information to tell, you need the associated y value. E. 39

  1. The reason we use simple random samples is be- cause our estimators

A. will be unbiased. B. will have less variability. C. will be normally distributed. D. will sampled without replacement. E. Exactly two of the above are correct.

  1. What is z∗^ such that P (−z∗^ < Z < z∗) = 0.95, where Z ∼ N (0, 12 )?

A. 1. B. 1. C. -1. D. -1. E. 0.

  1. Suppose you want to know whether Santa brought the same number of presents per kid on average over the last 5 years. If you take a sample of size n = 15 for each year and you can assume that the yearly average is normally distributed, what procedure should you use to answer your question?

A. Case 2 since the sample size is small, n = 15 B. Case 3 since the sample size is large, n = 5 ∗ 15 C. Case 8 if we can also assume that the vari- ances are equal D. One-Way ANOVA if we can also assume that the variances are equal E. Regression ANOVA using the years as the x’s.

  1. If an F statistic for a One-Way ANOVA table is significant, then

A. the effect being tested is significant. B. the means being tested are not all equal. C. the associated p-value is smaller than α. D. All of the above are true. E. Exactly two of the above (excluding D.) are true.

  1. Which of the following statements is the correct interpretation of the power of the test?

A. The power of the test is when you reject a false null hypothesis. B. If the null hypothesis is false, the power of the test is all test statistics from all possible samples of size n that will result in a test statistic that rejects the null. C. If the null hypothesis is false, the power of the test is the proportion of all test statis- tics from all possible samples of size n that will result in a test statistic that rejects the null. D. If the null hypothesis is true, the power of the test is the proportion of all test statis- tics from all possible samples of size n that will result in a test statistic that fails to re- ject the null. E. If the null hypothesis is true, the power of the test is all test statistics from all possible samples of size n that will result in a test statistic that fails to reject the null.

  1. Which of the following will increase the power of a hypothesis test?

A. increasing the significance level. B. increasing the sample size. C. increasing the sample standard deviation. D. All of the above E. Exactly two of the above (excluding D.)

Sports on CBS (Nov. ’93) Viewing Public, in 1000’s

Age Group| Men Women | Total -----------+------------------------+---------- 18 - 25 | 9 3 | 12 -----------+------------------------+---------- 25 - 49 | 6 5 | 11 -----------+------------------------+---------- 50 + | 7 6 | 13 -----------+------------------------+---------- Total| 22 14 | 36

  1. What is the expected count for Women age 25 to 49?

A. 5 B. 4 C. 14 D. 11 E. 36

  1. What is the best conclusion that can be derived from this Chi-Squared test if the test statistic, X^2 = 1.461 with a p-value = 0.518?

A. The p-value is large, therefore it is likely that Sex and Age Group are independent. B. The p-value is large, therefore it is likely that the variances are equal. C. The test statistic is greater than α = 0.05, therefore the Men and Women are closely related. D. The test statistic is small, therefore reject H 0 and conclude that Sex and Age Group are related. E. The p-value is less than the test statistic, therefore reject H 0 and conclude that Sex and Age Group are independent.

Bonus: Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. I’m adding an extra 5 points. Happy Holidays! Aren’t you glad it’s all over?! (No, you don’t need to mark anything.)

Answers: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. E 6. D 7. B 8. E 9. C 10. B

  1. A 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C 16. E 17. B 18. C
  2. E 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. E 24. B 25. A