Statistical reasoning for health sciences
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1. Population Collection of persons things or objects under study.
2. Sample a subset of the population
3. statistic a number that describes some characteristic of a sample
4. Parameter a numerical measurement describing some characteristic
of a population
5. representative
sample a sample that accurately reflects the characteristics of the
population as a whole
6. Variable A characteristic that can be determined for each member
of a population.
7. Numerical Vari-
ables (Quantita-
tive)
8. Categorical Vari-
able (Qualitative)
Take on values with equal units such as weight in lbs or
time in hours
place an individual into groups based on a characteristic,
behavior, or outcome
9. Data Actual values of the variable. Can be words or numbers.
10. qualitative data Data that approximates or characterizes but does not
measure the attributes, characteristics, properties, etc., of
a thing or phenomenon.
11. quantiative data Information that can be expressed in statistical or numer-
ical form
12. random sample method of selecting from a population in which each per-
son has an equal probability of being selected
13. stratified sample the population is divided into strata and a proportionate
random sample is taken from each stratum
14. cluster sample obtained by selecting all individuals within a randomly
selected collection or group of individuals
