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STEALTH TECHNOLOGY

NADEEM AHMAD MIR

Roll No. CE-16-

Civil Engineering Department IUST

[email protected]

April 10 2020 Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology April 10 2020 1 /^20

Overview

1 Introduction Background and Review Need of LO Technology List of Stealth Aircrafts (^2) Stealth Technology_ Invisible and Deadly RADAR Methods used in Stealth Technology Visibility & Reduction in RCS Plasma Stealth Technology Infrared & Acoustic Signature Future of Stealth Technology 3 Conclusi on 4 Reference s Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology April 10 2020 2 / 20

A little upshot (video) of LO technology is

presented here:

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology April 10 2020 4 / 20

 (^) The first true "stealth" aircraft may have been the Horten Ho 229 flying wing fighter-bomber, developed in Germany during the last years of WWII..  (^) Modern stealth aircraft first became possible when Denys Overholser, a mathematician working for Lockheed Aircraft during the 1970s adopted a mathematical model developed by Petr Ufimtsev, a Russian scientist, to develop a computer program called Echo 1.  (^) Reduced radar cross section is only one of five factors that designers addressed to create a truly stealthy design such as the F-22.  (^) The first combat use of purpose-designed stealth aircraft was in December 1989 during Operation Just Cause in Panama. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 5 / 11

Background

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 5 / 20

 (^) Being able to operate without the knowledge of enemy has always been a goal of military technology and techniques.  (^) With the ever increasing development in the field of defence mechanisms like the radar fused shells, IR guided “fire and forget” missiles etc.  (^) Military being unable to create invisible airplanes.  (^) Thus, the development of Stealth Technology provides an edge over the advancing “Defence Mechanisms”. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 7 / 11

Need of Stealth Technology

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 7 / 20

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology April 10 2020 8 / 20 F-117 Nighthawk B-2 Spirit F-22 Raptor Su-57 F-35 Lightning II

J-

List of Stealth Aircrafts

 (^) Aircraft can be designed in a specific way so that any radar signals get dispersed away from the radar antenna. (Reducing RCS)  (^) Camouflage.  (^) Radar Absorbent Materials (RAMs) can be used to cover the aircraft to absorb radar signal.  (^) Plasma Stealth Technology.  (^) Reduction of Infrared Signature of the Aircraft.  (^) Ebbing the Acoustic Signature of Aircraft. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 10 / 11

Methods used in Stealth Technology.

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 10/ 20

 (^) The simplest stealth technology is simply camouflage.  (^) Most stealth aircraft use matte paint and dark colors, and operate only at night.  (^) Use of gray paint in disruptive schemes helps in low visibility in daylight. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 11 / 11

Visibility

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 11 / 20

 (^) The absorption of a particular frequency RADAR depends upon the composition of RAM.  (^) No Radar absorbing material till now can absorb all frequencies of a Radar.  (^) Radar absorbing material (RAM) is a specialist class of polymer-based materials applied to surface of stealth military aircraft.  (^) Examples Aircrafts such as F-22 Raptor and F- Lightning II possess RAM. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 13 / 11

Reducing RCS

Cont…

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 (^) Plasma is a state of matter in which an ionized gaseous substance becomes highly electrically conductive to the point that long- range electric and magnetic fields dominate the behaviour of the matter.  (^) In plasma stealth, the aircraft inject a stream of ionized gas enveloping the aircraft due to which most of the radar waves are absorbed hence rendering aircraft invisible.  (^) First developed by Russia. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 14 / 11

Plasma Stealth Technology.

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 14 / 20

 (^) Acoustic stealth plays a primary role in submarine stealth as well as for ground vehicles.  (^) Early stealth observation aircraft used slow-turning propellers to avoid being heard by enemy troops.  (^) Stealth aircraft that stay subsonic can avoid being tracked by sonic boom..  (^) The presence of supersonic and jet-powered stealth aircraft such as the SR-71 Blackbird indicates that acoustic signature is not always a major driver in aircraft design. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 16 / 11

Acoustic Signature of Aircraft

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 16 / 20

 (^) The way field of defence is evolving and developing, stealth technology surely has got a bright future but it is highly costly.  (^) In the future, as air defense systems grow more accurate and deadly, stealth technology can be a factor for a decisive win by a country over the other.  (^) The potential future of stealth technology lies in a special material which was once thought to be impossible_ METAMATERIAL.  (^) These metamaterials can completely make aircraft invisible. Your NameRoll No. CE (IUST Awantipora) LO Technology October 19, 2018 17 / 11

Future of Stealth Technology

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References

1. Rao, G.A.; Mahulikar, S.P. (2002). "Integrated review of stealth technology and its role in airpower". Aeronautical Journal. 106 (1066): 629–641. 2.. Mahulikar, S.P.; Sonawane, H.R.; Rao, G.A. (2007). "Infrared signature studies of aerospace vehicles“.
2. https://science.howstuffworks.com/question69.htmM
3. M.Kaku (2008). Physics of the Impossible: A Scientific Exploration Into the World of Phasers, Force Fields, Teleportation, and Time Travel. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-52069-0.
4. https://en.www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stealth_technology Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) LO Technnology April 10 2020 19 / 20

Nadeem Mir CE-16-80 (IUST Awantipora) April 10 2020 20 / 20

The End

LO Technology