Self-Learning: Mensuration & Calculation in Electrical Installation & Maintenance, Lecture notes of Law

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Technology and

Livelihood Education

Electrical Installation

and Maintenance

Quarter 3 – Module 2:

Performing Mensuration

and Calculation

TLE – Grade 7 Electrical Installation and Maintenance (Exploratory Course) Quarter 3 – Module 2: PERFORMING MENSURATION AND CALCULATION First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Development Team of the Module Writers: Ever P. Bellote Editors: Reviewers: Illustrator: Ever P. Bellote Layout Artist: Ever P. Bellote Management Team: Josephine L. Fadul – Schools Division Superintendent Melanie P. Estacio – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent Christine C. Bagacay – Chief Curriculum Implementation Division Alpha DS Palconit – Education Program Supervisor Lorna C. Ragos – EPS – Learning Resources Management Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region XI Office Address: F. Torres St., Davao City Telefax: (082) 291-1665; (082) 221- 6147 E-mail Address: [email protected] * [email protected]

I. Introductory Message This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning. Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Thank you. ii

Let Us Learn! Hello everyone! In this module, you will learn independently on performing mensuration and calculation in Electrical Installation and Maintenance. The lesson comes with activities designed to measure your progress. You must answer each to the best of your ability and be honest as you can. Hopefully, after learning this module, you will be equipped with knowledge and skill in Electrical Installation and Maintenance. At the end of this module, you should be able to: ✓ Select electrical measuring tools and instruments (TLE_IAEI7/8MC-0c-1) ✓ Carry out measurements and calculations (TLE_IAEI7/8MC-0d-2) Lesson

Performing Mensuration

and Calculation

II. Multiple Choice: Direction: Choose the correct answer and write only the letter on your answer sheet.

1. An instrument used to measure the amount of electrical current intensity in a circuit. a. Voltmeter b. Ammeter c. Micrometer d. Ohmmeter
2. A pocket sized tool used to test the line wire or circuit if there is current in it. a. Test light b. Wire gauge c. Ruler d. Pull-push rule
3. A measuring tool used to measure the length of an object in centimeter and inches. a. Test light b. Wire gauge c. Ruler d. Pull-push rule
4. It is used to measure the diameter of wires/conductors in circular mils. It can measure small and big sizes of wires and cables. a. Voltmeter b. Ammeter c. Micrometer d. Ohmmeter
5. It is used to measure the voltage, resistance and current of a circuit. It connected in parallel or series with the circuit depending on what to measure. a. Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter b. Micrometer c. Ohmmeter d. Ammeter

III. Calculation: A. Directions: Write the equivalent value of the given unit.

1. 1cm is mm
2. 1 yard is inches
3. 1dm is cm
4. 10mm is cm
5. 1 foot is inches B. Directions: Write the correct unit abbreviation of the following:
6. Centimeter
7. Meter
8. Decimeter
9. Yard
10. Feet C. Directions: Convert the following:
11. 10 feet = __________ cm
12. 70 cm = __________ mm
13. 15 inches = __________ ft
14. 5 meters = __________ yard
15. 10 cm = __________ in

B. VOLTAGE READING : Directions: Given below is the voltmeter scale. Identify the voltmeter readings as indicated in the voltmeter scale. Write the answer on the space provided. Now check your answers using the Answer Key. If you got 90 - 100 % of the items correctly, proceed to the next Learning Outcome. If not, do the next activity/ies again to gain knowledge and skills required for mastery

Day 1 Let Us Study Read this information then find out how much you can learn. Measuring tool/instrument Description Test Light is a pocket size tool used to test the line wire or circuit if there is current in it. Micrometer is used to measure the diameter of wires/conductors in circular mils. It can measure small and big sizes of wires and cables. Wire Gauge is used in determining the size of wires/conductors. The gauge ranges from 0 to 60 AWG (American wire gauge). Ruler/foot rule is a measuring tool used to measure length, width and thickness of short flat object and in sketching straight lines Information Sheet 1. 1 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/t humb/8/84/Voltage_test_light_active.jpg/ https://bohriali.com/store/6328- home_default/mitutoyo-outside-micrometer.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ /23/Wire_gauge_%28PSF%29.png https://images-na.ssl-images- amazon.com/images/I/51QzEF5b.jpg

SYSTEM OF MEASUREMENT A system of measurement is a set of units which can be used to specify anything can be measured. These a r e c o m m o n u n i t s o f m e a s u r e m e n t u s e d i n making layout and installation of electrical materials: **A. Linear measures

1. English system** provides the creative way on how people can measure by themselves. For example, people measure shorter distance on the ground with their feet. They measure long distances by their palms which is equal to a yard. Inch Yard Miles 2. Metric system is a decimalized system of measurement. It exists in several variations with different choices of base units. Metric units are widely used around the world for personal, commercial and scientific purpose. Millimeter Centimeter Decimeter Meter B. English units and each equivalent 12 inches = foot(ft) 1 foot = 3yard (yd) 1 yard = 36 inches C. Metric units and each equivalent 10millimeter (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm) 10 centimeter = 1 decimeter(dm) 10 decimeter = 1 meter D. English to metric equivalent 1 inch = 2. 54 cm 1 foot = 30. 48 cm 1 yard = 91. 44 cm Information Sheet 1. 2

E. The centimeter graduation

. 5 mm 1 mm 10 mm or 1cm 25 mm or 2. 5 cm The graduation shows that every digit is .5mm How to read the cm graduation:

1. First graduation is .5 mm
2. Second graduation is 1 mm
3. Third graduation is 1. 5 mm
4. Fourth graduation is 2 mm F. The inch graduation 0 1/8 1/4 3 / 8 1/2 5 / 8 3 / 4 7/8 1 inch 1/ 16 3 / 16 5 / 16 7 / 16 9 / 16 1 1/ 16 13/ 16 15 / 16 How to read the inch graduation:
5. First graduation is 1 / 16
6. Second graduation is 18
7. Third graduation is 3 / 16
8. Fourth graduation is 1 / 4 , then follow the given scale above. Note: If the graduation reaches 1 0mm, it is equivalent to 1 cm.

THE MULTITESTER The Multimeter or a Multitester , also known as a volt/ohm milliammeter or VOM , is a measuring instrument that combines several measurement functions in one unit. A typical multimeter may include features such as the ability to measure voltage, small amount of current and resistance. It is generally made of two types: the analog and the digital. A. PARTS OF A MULTI TESTER

1. POINTER. The needle-shaped rod that moves over the scale of a meter. It is mechanically connected to the moving coil. it indicates the measured values on the multimeter.
2. RANGE SELECTOR KNOB (Selector switch) makes it possible to select different functions and range of the meter. Information Sheet 1. 3 https://camillejoynava.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/analog.jpg Adjustment Screw

Source: Career Pathways in Technology and Livelihood Education (CP-TLE) Industrial Arts – Electronics Technology I

3. ADJUSTMENT SCREW makes it possible to adjust the pointer to the zero position of the scale.
4. SCALE is a series of marking used for reading the value of a quantity. It can have different types of scale, for voltage and current readings the scales have mostly linear which means equal division. For resistance, scale is non – linear.
5. TEST PROBE positive (red), negative (black) is used to connect the circuit to the electrical components being tested.
6. ZERO-OHM ADJUSTING KNOB is used to zero-in the pointer before measuring resistance. How to read the meter scale of the multi tester i. RESISTANCE READING: To read the resistance range of the multi- tester, the given table below will be used. The unit of measurement to be used to determine its resistance is ohm. Range 0 - 2 2 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 50 50 - 100 100 - 200 Range x 1 0 .2 0 .5 1 2 5 20 Range x 10 2 5 10 20 50 200 Range x 1 k 20 50 100 200 500 2K Range x 10 k 200 500 1K 2K 5K 20K The top most scale of the VOM is the ohmmeter calibrated in nonlinear manner and is used in measuring resistance. Nonlinear calibration means that the entire scale is not equally divided. The ohmmeter section is shown below without the other scales to avoid confusion.

ii. VOLTAGE READING: Voltmeter is used to measure the amount of voltage present in a stage of circuit under test. The VOM Model 360 series has two voltmeter functions; one is DC function and the other is the AC function which is used for measuring AC voltages from the 220V power line, AC generators, and the secondary or output of a transformer. THE VOLTMETER SCALE The AC voltmeter scale is linear, meaning; the calibrations are equally divided unlike the calibrations of the ohmmeter which is nonlinear. Also, each calibrated value indicates the maximum voltage each voltage range can measure. Value per division of the different AC voltage selector range Precautions in measuring AC and DC voltages:

1. Switch the power ON the circuit before making in-circuit voltage measurements.
2. Set the selector switch of the voltmeter to the highest voltage range when measuring unknown voltages.
3. For known voltage, set the voltage range switch a little higher than the expected voltage to have accurate and clear voltage reading.
4. Avoid touching any of the metallic part of the test leads to avoid electric shock when measuring high voltage.
5. Connect the voltmeter test leads across the voltage source or load. a. For DC voltage, observe proper polarity. The black test lead (-) COM must

be connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source or battery and the red test lead (+) to the positive terminal. Example 1: If VOM is set at ACV 10, what is the voltage reading of the given pointer deflection?

• Since VOM is set at range ACV 10, read the bottom scale 0 - 10.
• The pointer deflection is 3.
• Therefore, the voltage reading is 3 volts. Example 2: If VOM is set at ACV 50, what is the voltage reading of the given pointer deflection?
• Since VOM is set at range ACV 50 , read the middle scale 0 - 50.
• The pointer deflection is 20.
• Therefore, the voltage reading is 20 volts. Example 3: If VOM is set at ACV 250, what is the voltage reading of the given pointer deflection? C
• Since VOM is set at range ACV 250, read the topmost scale 0-250.
• The pointer deflection is 165
• Therefore, the voltage reading is 165 volts.