Supporting Essentials - Linux - Lecture Slides, Slides of Linux skills

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Linux Basics

Introduction

 Command Line   The standard utilities for manipulating filesFeatures providing by shell

  File systemInstallation

Command line

 rm (ReMove)   - -r, orI Request confirmation before each deletion – R Delete recursively

Example rm – i images/*.jpg file1^ ^ - f The opposite of- Deletes all files which name^ – I

rm –^ ends with .jpg in the current directory Rf images/misc/file* - Deletes without requesting

confirmation the whole directory misc/ in directory images/ together with files in the currrent directory

Command line

 mv (Move)   - -f Force file movingi The opposite

Example^ ^ - v Verbose

Mv /tmp/pics/ which name ends with .gif to the current directory – I/tmp/pics/*.gif - Move al files in directory

mv foo bar - Rename file foo as bar

Command line

 Handling File Attributes  chown, chgrp (change the owner and group of one or more files

  - subdirectories in a given directory-R Recursive; to change the owner of all files andv Verbose mode, describes all actions performed by chown  - c Like – v, but only reports which files have been changed

Command line

Example chmod removes write permission for “other” on – R o-w/shared/docs – Recursively

all files and subdirectories of /shared/docs

chmod removes write permission for the group and others for whole directory private/, – R og-w,o-x private – Recursively

and removes the execution permission for others.

Command line

Example image/cars,space[0 filenames ending with .jpg in directory - 9]/*.jpg – All

image/cars, image/space0, … , image/space9, if such directories exist

*[!a with a lowercase letter in the current directory - z] – All files which names do not end

Command line

 Example Redirections

$ Is image/*.gif 1>file_list redirected (>) to the file named – file_list command (1) is

 Example Pipes

Is images/*.gif | wc the of the Is command is redirected to the standard input wc command – 1 – The standard output of

File System

 Links   The directory itself (.)Parent directory (..)

 Anonymous  Pipes  The shell creates the pipe and operates before the pipe write

 Name pipes  to itOpposite to the pipes used by shell

File System

 Special files  Character mode  Files were buffered

 Symbolic links^ ^ Block mode files^ ^ Files were not buffered

 Files of a particular type whose sole contents is an arbitrary string

Installation

 Requirements   A computer with a working operating systemGeneral knowledge of the operating system you use

  Some space on your hard diskA compiler (usually for the C language) and an archiver (tar)

Installation

 Compilation  Principle  Translate a source code into a binary file

  Logically done by a C compilerRepetitive operations are handled by a utility name make

Installation

 Structure of a distribution   AnA readme install file, which contains general information related tofile, which describes the installation procedure

 the programA distribution conditions of the software copying file, which contains the license or describes the  A related to the software contrib or credits file, which contains a list of people

Installation

  A bugfixesA changesmakefile file, which contains recent improvements and file, which allows compilation of the software   A newA directory that contains the sources ( configure Makefile or Imakefile file, which allow one to generate a src )  A directory that contains the document ( doc )