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Tableau Desktop Specialist Certification
How many rows of data appear in Tableau preview? - correct answer 1000 What is the data source page? - correct answer This is where you connect to a data source and see sheets from the data source (on left , shown) to bring into the join area. Drag or double click sheets to bring onto the canvas. What is a mark? - correct answer The shape used to represent data in the viz (bar, line, pie, etc) see "marks card" for full menu of marks features Dimensions - correct answer Qualitative or categorical data Measures - correct answer Quantitative data Remember the Undo button - correct answer Click to undo any action Best view for showing Trends over Time? - correct answer Best choices are line, area and bar charts, with time on the X-axis and the measure on the Y-axis. Note that area and bar charts treat data differently. Best view for Comparison and ranking? - correct answer Bar Charts are best Best view to show Correlations between measures? - correct answer Use a scatter plot Best view to show a Distribution of data? - correct answer Use a Box-and-whisker plot or histogram Part to whole - correct answer Avoid pie charts, use bar charts
Geographical data - correct answer Use maps and add pie charts Connecting to data on a server - correct answer You will need your usual server login credentials and a driver for that server installed on the machine your connecting from Bullet chart - correct answer A bar chart with a reference line ideal for comparing actual and target numbers Metadata - correct answer Metadata such as data type and field names displayed in the data source. Tableau indicates number, date, string and geographic metadata by icon below each field name. You can How to manage metadata? - correct answer To edit metadata either click directly in the data source view or click the manage metadata button to (for example) change the data type or rename the field. Note that you cannot edit the table or remote field names. How do you refresh the data source while you work in Tableau? - correct answer Right Click the connection on the data pane (in a worksheet) and click "refresh". Tableau will automatically refresh the data each time you open the workbook. Tableau Desktop Workspace - correct answer This is where you Analyze and visualize your data. Remember that a field is... - correct answer Just the name of any dimension or measure in the data pane of a worksheet How to change dimensions to measures - correct answer Click and drag a dimension to the measures area, or vice versa Change default properties of a field - correct answer Right click the field and select "Default Properties" then change things like numbers format, colors or aggregation. These changes will work across all worksheets. However, if you make changes to field properties by right clicking a pill in the view, the changes only apply to that worksheet.
Show Filter Card - correct answer Right click any dimension or measure, and click "show filter". The field will appear on the filter shelf and its filter appears in the upper right corner of the viz. You can also click on the filter card arrow to open a menu of many filter options. Click customize to click and clear "show all value" setting to remove the "all" default setting. Adding a filter card to the view allows users to filter the data in the view. Filters appear in Tableau Reader. How to filter for a field that is not in your view - correct answer Click field menu (right click or drop down arrow on field in data menu), and click "show filter". Tableau will place the field on the filter shelf and the filter card appears in the right view. Filter can be moved to another area in the view by click/drag. The default setting is a multiple value list with all values selected. Multiple value vs single value list - correct answer You can decide whether filters allow for multiple "select" or one single "select". A multiple value list is helpful for comparing/combining different members in a dimension. A single value list is great for showing one dimension at a time. To change either, click the drop down arrow on the filter card and choose the new style. The Customize menu also has other features. Change the title by opening filter menu and selecting "edit title". Default filter type settings for measure vs dimensions - correct answer Measure: range of values slider; dimension: multiple value list with all values selected. Discrete date parts - correct answer BLUE Years, quarters months. DIMENSIONS. Continuous date range - correct answer GREEN Range of dates, relative dates; starting/ending dates, special dates. MEASURES. How to edit date filters - correct answer Click the drop down menu on the field in the filter shelf and click "Edit Filter" for the dialogue box to appear. Tableau defaults "relative dates" to anchor relative to "today" so the data updates dynamically every time the workbook is opened. How to show filter card (for date filter) - correct answer Click the drop down arrow on the field in the view and click "show filter". The filter card will appear in the upper right.
Computed sorts - correct answer Organizes data by applying rules like sorting alphabetically or by number of books sold. These update dynamically: if data changes, Tableau will update automatically when you refresh, so listing might change order. Click sort icon on tool bar shown or on the field in the view. Manual sort - correct answer A specific order you tell Tableau to keep the data. If you move an element to the top of the list it will maintain this order even if the data changes. Manual sort contains the data in the order you choose. When you "drag and drop" fields into the order you want, Tableau will automatically change to a manual sort. You can also click the drop down menu on the field (pill) and select manual sort option in the sort dialogue box. How to sort on a field that isn't in the view - correct answer Click the drop down menu on the field (pill) in the view and click "sort" and the sort dialogue box will appear. Click "field" and select what you want or change the aggregation. (Note: sort appears on dimensions but not measures). How to set the default sort for a dimension - correct answer Right Click the field in the data pane, select "default properties" and "sort". You can always override the default sort when you create a view. Ascending vs. Descending - correct answer Ascending is smallest to largest/ descending is largest to smallest Groups - correct answer Paper clip icon. Groups let you combine several members of a single DIMENSION into categories, creating a new dimension field that didn't exist in the data. Creating Groups in the Dimensions Pane - correct answer Best for large groups. Right click any field in the dimension pane, click "Create" then "Group". When the create group dialogue box appears use control+click to select the dimension members you want to use and then click "group". If your dimension has a really long list of members, use the 'find' button text search field. Creating Groups in the View - correct answer Best for short data groups, group manually by selecting marks or labels. Labels: Use Control+click on labels (shown) then right click any selected label and pick "group". Now the mark will group those
Discrete Fields - correct answer BLUE Values can fall only into specific bins or categories, not between them (pet names, countries, employee IDs). In a view, they create categories or headers with bars. Horizontal X axis. Columns. Changing Continuous into Discrete Fields - correct answer This will change, with dates for example, a continuous graph over time into distinct bars. How to change a date field between continuous and discrete - correct answer Click the drop down menu on the date field, select date parts (blue) or date values (green). Date parts are automatically discrete and date values are automatically continuous. NOTE: CHOOSING DISCRETE OR CONTINUOUS FROM THE DROP DOWN MENU WILL NOT CHANGE WHETHER A DATE IS A PART OR VALUE. INSTEAD, FOR EXAMPLE, A DISCRETE DATE VALUE WILL HAVE MANY BARS WITH INDIVIDUAL COLUMN HEADINGS. When a date field is brought into the view... - correct answer It defaults into a discrete date at the highest level ie. Discrete year. You can change default in the data pane by clicking the drop down menu on the date field and selecting "convert to continuous" and the field will stay continuous whenever it is added to the view. Continuous Date Fields vs Discrete Date Fields - correct answer Shows data over time (line chart graph) GREEN. Shows data in specific date parts (bars). Drop Field Dialogue Box - correct answer You can choose the date part or value when you add the field to the view by right clicking the date field and dragging/dropping it in the view. The drop field dialogue box will appear. On my Mac it has to be "option + click and drag" Discrete/Continuous Date Fields Notes - correct answer The color legend will change (different colors for discrete, gradient for continuous) Filter Shelf-Selecting green continuous opens range of dates options; blue discrete gives general range choices Custom Date Fields: Continuous date Values vs. Discrete Date Parts - correct answer To Create Either: Click context menu on date field in dimensions, click "create" then "custom date" for Custom Date Dialogue Box. Most common custom date values. D(note, you can only drag and replace same types in the view) Also note you cannot
expand a custom date in the view, unless you create a hierarchy first. Hierarchies clean up dates. Dual Axis and Combo Charts - correct answer Useful for showing how two measures compare against each other. There are two measure axis and one dimension axis. Measures can have the same or different values and mark types. To create: drag two measures to the view, click the menu on the second measure and select "Dual Axis" OR drag and drop the second measure on the far right side of the view where a black vertical ruler appears. NOTE: A new marks card named ALL will appear so that you can edit the measures together or separately. Additionally, a "Measure Names" field appears on color automatically. You can mix bars and lines, called a Combo Chart. If both measures are similar values, click the right one to select "synchronize axis", and right click to remove it altogether for a cleaner view. Shared/Combined Axis Chart - correct answer When measures have the same measuring units, more than one measure can share the same axis. Drag your second measure to the first axis and hover so a light green double icon ruler appears. Add more measures if desired. Note: MEASURE NAMES (dimension for each label in the data source) and MEASURE VALUES (numerical value for each measure) appear in the view automatically when connected to data. Measure Values Card - correct answer A Measure Value Card allows you to organize the measures in the display on a combined axis chart. Measure Names - correct answer Automatically appears on the filters shelf on a combined access chart. Click to display the filter dialogue box. Stacked Bars on a Combined Axis Chart - correct answer Remove "Measure Names" from the view and the measures will be stacked marks. Move the measures on the measures names card to reorder them. Scatterplots - correct answer Uses position as a visual cue to explore the relationship between marks with numerical values. Spot trends, clusters, and outliers. Create: add two measures to the view-tableau will automatically sum these and create a single mark. To add more detail, add measures to the marks card. OR at more detail by clicking "Analysis" in the menu and uncheck "Aggregate Measures" to visualize the lowest level of detail in the data.
Change aggregation methods for crosstab totals - correct answer Tableau defaults to "sum" but this can be changed. Click the drop down arrow from the measure in the tool menu and select your choice. You will need to manually right click to change the headers to match your choice. NOTE: Tableau cannot perform these actions if you are connected to a cube/multi dimensional data source. Weighted Averages - correct answer This is a tricky explanation. Tableau aggregations (such as averages) average all the data in the data source and not just what is showing in your view. Thus, it can be the case that the "total average" in a view is not actually the average of the "averages" shown in the columns or rows, but includes the underlying data. This is a weighted average and cannot be calculated from cube data. It is possible to force Tableau to change the way data is aggregated on various measures by using the Analysis menu and clicking "totals" but using an "average of an average" is not best practice (pictured). This will force an aggregation based only on the displayed values. It is mathematically sound best practice to change aggregations on the measure field on the marks card. Highlight Tables Crosstab - correct answer Crosstabs can make it difficult to identify outliers and trends. Highlight tables are a solution because they encodes a measure on text and color and a "square" mark. Create: Drag a measure to the marks card on "text" and then right click to duplicate the measure and drag it to "color". Set the marks shape to SQUARE or else you will just get colored text lol Edit the color card to set a midpoint for the color range. You can also create Highlight table from the "Show Me" menu. Only use crosstabs when every data value needs to be visualized. Be very careful if using more than one measure (one on color and one on text) that the labels are VERY clear to avoid confusion. Heat Map Crosstabs - correct answer Great way to compare categorical data with color and size. Great for encoding two measures at the same time to identify outliers. Using the stepped color option helps the viz. Orange and blue are best for color blindness. You can also use "Show Me" to build heat maps. Calculated Fields - correct answer Customized fields allow you to transform the data you have to answer questions using formulas. For example, use "GDP" and "Population" fields to create a new "GDP per capita" field. Calculated fields are built from fields, functions, operators, and parameters (and can also include comments). Field: All data source fields and calculated fields can be brought in to the calculation. Functions: define operations that can be performed on data (aggregation, data type conversions, logic etc.)
Operators: shortcuts for more complex functions added by manual typing (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, comparison) Parameters: variables that can be inserted into calculations to replace constant values. Comments: added to provide context for user; not displayed in the view You can use calculated fields to break up a data field or combine data fields. There are many ways to create calculated strings, dates, logic fields and geographic fields. The Calculation Editor - correct answer Use to create calculated fields. Right click any white space in the data pane and click "Create calculated field". Or click the drop down arrow on the Data Pane. The Calculation includes all the functions in Tableau. You can change the calculation at any time by right clicking a calculated field in the data pane and opening the calculations editor. This is an area to study for the test Tableau is read only - correct answer FYI Calculating String Data - correct answer String= any data that is text, not numbers/dates/locations. Concatonateterm-78=add together You must use the same data types when you concatonate fields, Use the same operators when concatonating strings and numbers (+ sign) Tableau ignores spaces between fields and operators, so to add a comma or space, you must enclose it in " " between operators Remember that you can right click a calculated field in the data pane to edit it A fixed string is one that term-78doesn't change when the data changes Edit data types in calculated fields - correct answer The Type Conversion menu in editor shows all the data types you can use in Tableau. Select a field in your calculation, click the type you want to convert it into, and Tableau's autocomplete function will add the correct syntax. Date-Specific Calculations - correct answer There are many date specific calculations you can use as inputs or outputs for a calculated field. DATEDIFF is a
calculations to the view. Note that you table directions matter. Scope also matters (the segment of the table the calculation is applied to ie. Who table, panes, cells). Running Total Table Calculation - correct answer Create a cross tab with totals and sub totals, right click the measure on the marks card, select Quick Table Calculation and "Running Total". To change the direction of the calculation, right click the measure on the marks card, select "compute using" and make a choice. Notice that the Grand total matches the last total before "total" (this is confusing!) as a clue to know which direction the calculation is running. Percent of Total Table Calculation - correct answer Look for the total that has "100%" to know the direction of the table. Rank Calculations - correct answer Note that the Delta Symbol appears on the measure field used as a table calculation |> (triangle) Pie charts - correct answer Use for high level comparisons of parts of a whole. Limit to five categories. Select "pie" from the marks card and a new 'angle' mark is added to the card. Drag a dimension to angle. Or use Show Me. Note: a Table Pane is determined by the first measure in the columns shelf. - correct answer Tree Maps - correct answer Use for hierarchical data with more than 5 categories. To create, bring one measure to color and size, and a dimension to 'detail' on the marks card. Add the same dimension and measure to "label" for clarity. Tree maps do not use the rows and columns shelf. They do not have axis. Tool tips can be used to add info not in the viz. Just drag dimensions to "tooltip". Color: no more than 7 colors in a view. A word cloud can be made from a tree map by changing the mark type to "text" Bubble charts show relative values without axis too. Change mark type to "circle". Note: if you do bring a dimension to "rows" it will build multiple tree maps for each member of the field.
Dashboards - correct answer Can be built from views based on different data sources Dashboards monitor (performance dashboard), explore (lets user answers questions), inform (quick points and specifics for user) Dashboard Editing Pane Tools: " Device Preview" button "Size" and "Sheets" "Objects" Tiled (single layer grid tiles snap into place) Floating (can overlay) Show Dashboard Title LayoutPane- See objects on view and note floating vs tiled icon Note vertical vs horizontal containers (blue frames) Sheets (grey frame) Tiled objects are fixed, cannot change position or size but can be changed to floating by selecting "floating" from Dashboard editing pane Each view added to the dashboard brings in its own legend and any filters included in the view. Gray box preview area. Click and drag to rearrange tiles. Click corner arrow to visit underlying worksheet or click on worksheet name in dashboard editing pane Dashboard Filters and Legends - correct answer Click the drop down menu on a filter, set to "floating" to move on top of a tile. Legend Highlights: on filter drop down arrow, select "Highlight Selected Items" Use View as Filter: click the Filter Icon on the tile you want to use. Now, other views are filtered by data selected on that mark. Set a filter card to apply to more than one view: Click on filter card filter icon, and "selected worksheets" or "all sheets using this data source" to filter entire dashboard through this filter (shown) Title: Click "Dashboard" on top nav menu, then "Show Title" Double click any filter or legend to rename the title How to hide sheets on dashboard - right click on sheet in dashboard pane and click "hide sheet" so it no longer appears in the bottom tabs (or right click tab to hide). RIGHT CLICK THE DASHBOARD TAB TO SELECT "HIDE ALL SHEETS"
Export as Image/data/excel - correct answer Choose data for export to Access Sharing your Viz - correct answer Publish to a secure online environment using: Tableau Online-a cloud product hosted by Tableau Tableau Server- hosted by your organization These allow colleagues to view, interact, edit and download views. You must be invited to the site by your site admin and create a username/password. Click "server menu" then "publish workbook". In server box enter server name or URL or click Tableau Online link (https://online.tableau.com). Select what sheets you want to publish and embedded data source vs. publish separately (workbook local connection is replaced by a connection to the public data source) or to include external files. Tableau Public-free Good for non sensitive data. viewers can interact/download your views WATCH THIS AGAIN Reference lines and bands - correct answer Provide context and analysis to a view. Extracts - correct answer Depending on the version the extract was created in, Tableau extract files can have either the .hyper or .tde file extension. Extract files are a local copy of a subset or entire data set that you can use to share data with others, when you need to work offline, and improve performance. .TWB - correct answer Tableau workbook is the default file type in Tableau for saving. It saves views, dashboards and connection info but does save a not a copy of the data source file. A link is saved to the established data source so that when you open a .TWB it automatically updates to show any changes made to the data source.
.TWBX - correct answer Tableau Packaged Workbook saves all views, dashboards, images and, if you choose, it will save a copy of the flat data source files. If the data source is not a flat file you must create a flat extract to save it. .TWBX will also save live connections. This is the best file option for sharing with anyone who don't have access to the local data source used in your viz, because anyone with Tableau Reader can view a .TWBX file. How do you save a .TWBX for sharing? - correct answer Save as a .TWBX to share with anyone who can open with Tableau Desktop or Tableau Reader (free for interacting only with a viz using limited features). .TWBX can only save data from a flat file unless you create an extract. Click Save/Save as/.twbx The default is a .twb .TDS - correct answer Tableau Data Source: Saves the connection info and any organizational or metadata changes made to the data. TDS does not save login info or viz's created with data. It does not save the actual data. If saved locally they appear on the connection page. Types of metadata changes are pictured, including changing dimensions to measures and folders, groups, and calculated fields How do you save a .TDS for future use? - correct answer To save locally: Click the data menu ("Data" in the upper left), select the name of the data source, then click add to saved data sources, this opens the dialogue box that prompts to save in My Tableau Repository where it will then be available on the data connection page under Saved Data Sources, making it easy to find when I open Tableau again. to save to Tableau server: power users can access without credentials to access database directly (click Server in upper bar menu) NOTE: This does not save the data, just the info about the connection .TDSX - correct answer TDSX A packaged data source is a zip file that contains the data source file (.tds) described above as well as any local file data such as extract files (.hyper or .tde), text files, Excel files, Access files, and local cube files. Use this format to create a single file that you can then share with others who may not have access to the original data stored locally on your computer. .TDE - correct answer Tableau Data Extract- this is a snapshot of the data that Tableau saves locally, best for when connecting to extremely large sets of data of
