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Assignment # 1 |Tabulation
Tabulation
Tabulation is commonly used in collecting and organizing raw data during an experiment and also for representing final data to be included in a paper or report using tables.
Most raw data are recorded in tabular form in a spreadsheet, a lab notebook, or a lab manual; but once recorded, data need to be reorganized, summarized, and reshaped into a final table or graph.
Tabular Presentation:
The representation of data in a table is formally referred to as “tabular presentation”.
Tabular presentation of data allows data to be organized for further analysis, allows large amounts of raw data to be sorted and reorganized in a neat format, and allows the inclusion of only the most important or relevant data.
Table:
A table represents the results in an organized display of rows and columns that enable to group the data by different classifications so as to make comparisons and better understand the data.
Raw Data
Raw Data Table
Graphical Presentation Tabular Presentation
Assignment # 1 |Tabulation
Types of Table
Textual (Word) Tables:
Textual tables are those that have textual data in the body. Usually this is the case when we are dealing with qualitative data.
Statistical Tables:
These tables can present descriptive or inferential statistics or both. Descriptive statistics are tabulations such as mean, standard deviation, mode, range, or frequency.
Inferential statistics refers to statistical tests. In such tables, statistical test values are presented.
Numerical Tables:
These are the most common types of data, which typically represent quantitative data, but sometimes may present a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. Most of the body of the table consists of specific number values.
Parts of a Table
Title:
The title provides a brief description of the contents of the table.It includes the key elements shown in the table. A table's title should always go above the table.
Table Number:
Tables are numbered in the order that they are referred to in the report, as Table 1, Table 2, and so on.
The table number has a period at the end and a space to separate it from the title, which normally follows the table number.
Headings & Subheadings:
While data form the body of a table, headings and subheadings allow to establish an order to the data by identifying columns.
Assignment # 1 |Tabulation
Table Notes:
Table notes are used to explain anything in the table that is not self- explanatory.
While basic symbols and abbreviations like SD for standard deviation, N for sample size, and % for percentage, are commonly used, there may have other technical terms or other issues that need explanation.
In these cases, an asterisk (*) is used for the first note we need after the specific data value. Then, the asterisk would be placed below the table followed by the note or explanation required for that value.
Other data values requiring notation would get two, three asterisks, or a stacked cross (‡) in that order.
Notes following these additional items would follow the first note using the same format. Notes that apply to the table in general should be listed after the word "Note: " under the table.
(Please turn off for example)
Assignment # 1 |Tabulation
Example:
Table 1. Frequency of stereotypic Behavior in Captive Lowland Gorillas Under Different Stimuli With or Without Antidepressants.
Group
Females
With Without
Males
With Without
Females
With Without
Males
With Without
**Note: Behaviors were taken at 3 seconds interval 1=lowest, 4=highest
Stimulus level*
1 2 3 4
Morning Responses
Afternoon Responses
23 18 12 6 48 41 32 24
39 21 15 11 56 44 36 25
32 22 19 12 53 45 36 29
45 33 25 18 65 56 40 36
Stub head
Title
Column spanner
Column heads
Stub^ Table spanner
Table spanner
Table note
Divider
Table body
