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TCFP FIRE INVESTIGATOR TEST /FIRE
INVESTIGATOR -MASTER FOR TCFP
EXAM
What are some ways to identify a boat? - Answers -Hull Identification Number (HIN) Registration numbers US Coast Guard documentation numbers Boat name and hailing port What are some common ignition sources on a boat? - Answers -Open flames Electrical faults / overloads Mechanical (bearings, friction) Hot surfaces (exhaust, cooking, heating) Boats that are powered by gasoline have similar fuel systems to cars. What are the two main gasoline fuel systems? - Answers -High pressure - fuel injected Lower pressure - carbuerated ALSO: Some boats are diesel, or even electric ONLY What are some cooking fuels found on boats? - Answers -LPG CNG Solid fuels Alcohol Diesel What are sources of electrical energy on boats? - Answers -Batteries Inverters Shore power What are some basic safety concerns when working on a boat? - Answers -Confined spaces Airborn particles Fuel leaks Electricity Stability What are some basic concerns for complex investigations? - Answers -Transportation Equipment Security Decon Environmental
Communications Sanitation Trash removal Snow & Ice Lighting Evidence storage What are two natural causes of wildfires? - Answers -Lighting Spontaneous heating What are some human causes of wildfires? - Answers -Campsite Smoking Debris burning Glass refraction Incendiary Controlled burn Machines Railroad Juveniles Fireworks What are some utilities that can cause wildfires? - Answers -Electrical Gas and oil drilling What are four search patterns? - Answers -Segment Loop Grid Lane What are some types of suppression for wildfires? - Answers -Class A foam Fire breaks Air drops Firing out What are the two main parts of a wildfire? - Answers -Head Heel What are the three types of winds affecting wildfires? - Answers -Meterological Diurnal Fire winds What are some ground fuels? - Answers -Duff Roots Leaves Grass Dead wood
Second, blisters Third, full thickness - burns all the way through the skin Fourth, charring of underlying tissue like muscle and fat What are methods of death in a fire? - Answers -CO poisoning Hyperthermia (heat) Inhalation of hot gases Other toxins / soot / smoke Hypoxia (lack of oxygen) What are the fundamental issues of a death investigation? - Answers -Remains / Victim identification Cause of death Manner of death Victim activity Postmortem changes What are the main motives for firesetting? - Answers -Vandalism Excitement Revenge Crime concealment Profit Extremism What is vandalism firesetting? - Answers -Willfull and malicious mischief - often pressured by groups or peers What is excitement firesetting? - Answers -Thrill seeking Attention seeking Recognition Sexual gratification What is revenge firesetting? - Answers -Personal retaliation Societal retaliation Institutional retaliation (school, church, etc) Group retaliation What is crime concealment firesetting? - Answers -Murder concealment Burglary concealment Destruction of documents What is extremism firesetting? - Answers -Terrorism Riots or civil distrurbance What are some things to examine in multiple confirmed incendiary fires? - Answers - Geographic area
Temporal frequency (time) Materials & Method of firesetting What are some indicators of incendiary fires? - Answers -Evidence of other crimes (crime concealment) Indicators of financial stress History of code violations Owner with multiple fires Over insurance Timed oppportunity (civil unrest, natural disaster) Other indicators that a fire is incendiary: - Answers -Remote locations Fire near service equipment / appliances Removal or replacement of contents prior to fire Entry blocked Sabotage of fire protection systems Multiple Fires Trailers Lack of fuel load / ignition sources Exotic accelerants Unsual fuel load burn injuries Incendiary devices What is the difference between low order and high order explosions? - Answers -Low order = less than the speed of sound, pushing / bulging damage, slow pressure rise High order = faster than the speed of sound, breaking / shattering, long range missiles, rapid pressure rise What is a seated explosion? - Answers -Seated explosions have a blast crater in the center of the explosion. Generally caused by high explosives like TNT, PETN, RDX, ANFO. Non seated explosions are caused by dispersed fuel gases and dusts. They do not cause a blast crater. What can cause a non-seated explosion? - Answers -Fuel gases Pooling of flammable liquids Dusts Backdraft What does BLEVE stand for? - Answers -Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion What are the different basic types of explosions? - Answers -Mechanical BLEVE
Building ventillation & systems Weather Electrical systems HVAC Fuel gas / Liquid fuels Fire protection systems Security systems Witnesses Every investigation should be conducted using the _________ method and a _________ approach. - Answers -Scientific Systematic What is the preferred method of transporting evidence to the state lab? - Answers -hand delivery What are the four types of evidence containers? - Answers -Metal cans Glass jars Special evidence bags Common plastic bags What are two ways of detecting hydrocarbons? - Answers -Canine team Hydrocarbon detector What suppression activities should be done in order to preserve the evidence at the fire scene? - Answers -Caution while using hose streams, overhaul, or salvage Don't move any appliance knobs or switches Caution while using or refilling power tools Limiting access to the scene What does NFIRS stand for? - Answers -National Fire Incident Reporting System What are the two main types of fire scene drawings? - Answers -Sketches and diagrams What are the main types of diagrams? - Answers -Site plan Floor plan Elevations Detailed view Exploded view 3D What are some things that can be documented by photography at the fire scene? - Answers -Crowd Suppression Exterior
Structural Interior Utility / Appliance Evidence Victim Witness Viewpoint Aerial What are the two types of cameras? - Answers -Digital and film What types of consultants might be needed to provide technical assistance? - Answers - Materials Engineer Mechanical Engineer Electrical Engineer Chemist Fire science engineer Insurance agent Canine Team What is the basic infor needed to plan an investigation? - Answers -Location Date and time Weather Size and complexity Type and use of structure Nature and extent of damage Security Purpose of the investigation Where can you get an MSDS? - Answers -Manufacturer Supplier Facility hazard and communication plan Local Emergency planning committee What are the parts of the NFPA 704 diamond? - Answers -Blue = Health Red = Flammability Yellow = Reactivity Special hazards = No water, Oxidizer, etc In the ERG (Emergency Response Guidebook), what are three methods of looking up a hazmat substance? - Answers -Locate the UN Number - yellow pages Locate name of material - blue pages Locate matching placard in the table of placards What are the two general hazards found on each guidebook page? - Answers -Health and Fire/Explosion
Engines Lights Incinerators What three kinds of ignition could be on a gas stove? - Answers -Manual Pilot light Pilotless igniters (electric) What is the difference between an LP Gas cylinder and a tank? - Answers -Tanks - permanent - 1,000 gallons or more. Cylinders - residential is usually 1 pound or less. What is an incendive arc? - Answers -An arc with enough heat energy and time to be a competent ignition source Describe different kinds of damage to electrical systems. - Answers -Short circuit / ground fault Arcing through carbonized path Overload Overheating connections What are some types of overcurrent protection? - Answers -Fuses Plug, Type S, time-delay, cartridge Circuit Breakers Main breakers GFCI (ground fault) AFCI (arc fault) Describe the two types of electrical service: - Answers -Single phase - residential - two 120V hot legs and one ground Three phase - commercial - 480, 240, 208V - three hot legs, one ground What is Ohm's law? - Answers -V=IR What different types of detection systems are there? - Answers -Smoke, flame, heat, gas What types or alarm initiating systems are there? - Answers -Local Auxillary Remote Proprietary Central Station What do the different classes of standpipes mean? - Answers -Type I - 2 1/2 Inch Type II - 1 1/2 inch
Type III - Combined - 2 1/2 plus 1 1/ what are the special types of fire extinguishing agents? - Answers -Dry chemical Wet chemical Halon CO Foam Gaseous agent What are the different types of sprinkler systems? - Answers -Wet pipe Dry pipe Pre-action Deluge Residential What are the five construction types? - Answers -Type I - Fire resistive Type II - Non combustible Type III - Ordinary Type IV - Heavy timber Type V - Wood frame What is the difference between platform and balloon frame? - Answers -PLatform has each level built as a seperate platform. Ballon frame builds wall studs from the foundation to the roof. What factors influence fire pattern generation? - Answers -Fire Plume Ventilation Hot gas layer Full room involvement Suppression What are some common fire affects? - Answers -Char Spalling Oxidation Color changes Melting Soot Clean burn Calcination Crazing Collapsed furniture springs Rainbow affect Explain counterflow VS concurrent flame spread: - Answers -Counterflow - counter to the air flow Concurrent - moving with the air flow
