Download TEAS 2025 EXAM PREP step by step and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
TEAS 2025 EXAM PREP
What is the one thing that cells have in common? - Membrane What is a cell membrane composed of? - Phospholipids What are transport holes - Proteins that help certain molecules and ions move in and out of the cell What is the cell filled with? - Cytoplasm/Cytosol What is an organelle? - Group of complex molecules that help the cell survive What do ALL cells contain? - DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis ability What does each cell consist of? - Nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and cell membrane How does cell life begin? - With sexual or asexual reproduction What makes up tissue? - collection of cells What makes up organs? - Collection of tissues What do ribosomes do? - Synthesize proteins from amino acids Where can ribosomes be embedded? - Endoplasmic reticulum What is the golgi complex? - synthesizing materials that are brought into the cell.
Where is the golgi complex located? - Near the nucleus. What is the golgi complex made of? - Layered membrane What are vacuoles? - Sacs used for storage, digestion and waste removal How many vacuoles does a plant cell have? - 1 large vacuole Can animal cells have more than one vacuole? - Yes What is a vesicle? - It is a small organelle within a cell. What does the membrane of a vesicle do? - Moves materials within a cell What is the cytoskeleton made up of? - Microtubules that help shape and support the cell. What is a microtubule? - Part of the cytoskeleton to support the cell. What are microtubules made up of? - Protein What is cytosol? - Material inside of the cell. What is cytosol made up of? - Mostly water, but can have other floating molecules. What is the cell membrane? - Defines the cell by acting as a barrier What does the cell membrane do? - Helps keep the cytoplasm inside and foreign substances outside. What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum? - Smooth and Rough
What does each cylinder centriole have? - Nine groups of three microtubules. What is a lysosome? - Structure that digests proteins, lipids, and carbs. What can the lysosome do? - Help transport undigested substances to membrane so it can be removed What are Cilia? - Appendages extending from surface of cell (causes movement) Difference between flagella and cilia - Flagella are longer, and cells usually only have one What does the nucleus contain? - DNA, and chromosomes. Do all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus? - Yes What is the nucleus responsible for? - Passing genetic material between generations. Name the 6 parts of nucleus - 1. Nuclear Envelope
- Nucleoplasm
- Nucleolus
- Nuclear Pores
- Chromatin
- Ribosomes What do chromosomes store? - Genetic information about the plant or animal What does the Chromatic consist of? - The DNA and protein that make up chromosomes Where is the nucleolus found? - Inside of the nucleus
What does the nucleolus consist of? - Protein, lacks a membrane. What is the role of the nucleolus? - Synthesize Protein, stores RNA, synthesizes RNA What is the nuclear envelope? - The structure that surrounds the nucleus What are the layers of the nuclear envelope made of? - Lipids What is the role of the nuclear pores? - Exchange material between nucleus and cytoplasm What is the nucleoplasm? - Liquid within the nucleus (similar to the cytoplasm). Number of kg in 1 metric ton - 1000 number of grams in a kg - 1000 Number of mL in 1 L - 1000 Number of cm in 1 m - 100 Number of m in a km - 1000 Number of cm in 1 in - 2. number of meters in 1 foot - 0. number of meters in 3 feet - 0.
How do molecules get into cell if they are not soluble? - Active transport of through vesicles in the membrane How long does animal cell reproduction take? - 24 hours Do neurons grow or divide once mature? - No What are the two ways a cell can reproduce? - Mitosis and Meiosis Is the cell an exact copy of parent cell in mitosis? - Yes Is the cell an exact copy of parent cell in meiosis? - No When does meiosis happen? - In reproductive cells called gametes What kind of cell controls differentiation? - Zygotes What is gastrulation? - Early process of embryotic cell development of most animals. Name the three layers developed during gastrulation - Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm. Where does the nervous system develop from? - Ectoderm Where does the muscular system develop from? - mesoderm Where does the digestive system develop from? - endoderm Name the 6 steps in mitosis in order - Interphase
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis What happens in interphase? - The cell prepares for division by replicating genetic material What happens during prophase? - Chromatin thickens to develop nuclear membrane. Centrioles move to OPPOSITE sides of cell Mitotic spindle moves chromosomes around in cell What happens during metaphase? - Mitotic spindle moves to the center, and chromosomes align along the center spindle. What happens during anaphase? - Pairs of chromosomes (sisters), begin to pull apart. Grooves appear in cell membrane What happens during Telophase? - Spindle deteriorates, nuclear membrane forms, chromosomes revert to chromatin. What happens in cytokinesis? - Physical splitting of the cell. What is similar about mitosis and meiosis? - The same phases occur in meiosis, but twice. What is the result of the second stage of meiosis? - Haploid forms (four daughter cells with different sets of chromosomes) What does meiosis encourage? - Genetic diversity
List the 11 organ systems? - integumentary, skeletal, muscular, respiratory, lymphatic, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, digestive, excretory, reproductive Define proximal - Closer to the center of the body (the hip is proximal to the knee) Define distal - further from the center (the knee is distal to the hip) Define cephalad/cephalic - Towards the head Define caudad - Closer to the tail or posterior Define transverse - Divides body into upper and lower halves Define saggital - divides body into right and left sections Define coronal/frontal plane - Divides. body into front and back sections `What is the respiratory system divided into? - Upper and lower sections
