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Index
- ABSTRACT ......................................................................................
- INTRODUCTION .......................................................................
- 1.1 Decisional Variables
- 1.2 Analysis........................................................................................
- 1.3 Problem solving
- 1.3.1 Time for moving
- 1.3.2 Cost of moving an house
- 1.3.3 Cost of fuel..................................................................................
- 1.3.4 Payment for the lorry-driver.........................................................
- 1.3.5 Cost of the chains
- 1.3.6 Cost of the ferry transportation....................................................
- 1.4 Different cost for different kind of houses moved
- 1.4.1 Cost for moving medium house
- 1.4.2 Cost for moving small house.......................................................
- 1.4.3 Cost for moving big house
- 1.4.4 Cost for moving a supermarket
- SUGGESTION OF PROBLEMING SOLVING ........................
- 2.1 Rail cargo strategy
- 2.1.1 Economical evaluation of problem solving
- 2.1.2 Main characteristic of the intermodal transportation....................
- 2.1.3 Containerization and Intermodalism............................................
- 2.1.4 Advantage of containers
- 2.1.5 Intermodalism and other modes..................................................
- 2.1.6 Intermodalism and Production Systems......................................
- 2.1.7 Intermod Transport Cost
- 2.1.8 Intermodal Cost Function
- 2.2 Plane good transport....................................................................
- 2.2.1 Cost.............................................................................................
- 2.2.2 Timing
- 2.2.3 Ship incat
- CONCLUSION.........................................................................
- 3.1 Analyse of the main solutions
- 3.1.1 Using a truck with bigger tank
- 3.1.2 Chargo Strategy and the Intermodal transport
- 3.1.3 Plane good transport...................................................................
- Appendix........................................................................................
- Bibliography ................................................................................
Ringraziamenti
Credo di dover ringraziare chiunque che, in qualche modo, abbia cercato di insegnarmi qualcosa…grazie infinite non c’è debitore più grande di me. Un grazie speciale a coloro che mi sono stati vicini quando ero malata molto pochi a dire il vero ma loro sanno di star nel mio cuore. Un grazie ancora ai professori: JAN DANĔK, SCHENONE MAURIZIO, e MASSIMILIANO AVALLE.
Thanks
I think I owe everybody a special thank you for their help teaching me something in any way which is possible. A lot of infinitive thanks there is not another insolvent debtor in this world as big as me. A real special thanks to whom was near me when I was ill, there were very few people to tell the truth but they know that they are in my hearth. A really deep thanks to the teachers: JAN DANĔK, SCHENONE MAURIZIO, and MASSIMILIANO AVALLE.
1. INTRODUCTION
Supply chain management is the way to control the flow of the raw materials, semi final products, and finished products from the initial point of production, till the end of the chain where there are the customer. All this analyse is done in order to satisfied the customers. This definition is very generally and it includes: customer service, management of stock, material handling, how to decide to treat the costumer’s order, the disposition of the industries, of the stores, the supplying, the package, the management of the returned products, the transportations, how to store the products, and how to stock them. The supply chain could be defined in a more general way Operations Management. The logistical management could have all this parts or also only some of them, this depends on the integration of the management. We need this integration for two reasons:
- the logistical decision that we take in a area have always a lot of consequences in all the areas of the production (trade-offs);
- it will be very efficient if we decide to consider the logistical subject as the totally of production because logistics has a intrinsic meaning: total control of the production.
The main goal of the integrated logistic is to reduce the cost of all the logistical activities for create a new production or for a service. We can divided the logistical costs in 5 parts:
- Cost for maintaining all the supplies
- Storage cost
- Cost for distribution and for carrying the products
- Volume cost of materials
- Cost for the information systems and for how to process the orders.
The firms need the Supply Chain Management not only for the previous reasons but also for the resolution of some problems like: problems of communications and sharing information for reducing some costs like: telephones call, fax, hours of job, time of supply and follow up.
This method is very good for getting excellent communications processes, and information flows in the extended logistical chain, and the supply chain management is made by three levels: Strategically level: we have to define the structure and how use the physical network to get some business target at the minimum cost. Tactical level: the Supply Chain Management controls the activities of predictions of the demand, production, and distribution and transport and relative management methods Operative level: this logistical method wants to management the operations and the transmission of the information in real time that permits to get all the information about the state of the single enterprise and processes.
Figure 2: Levels of Supply Chain Management
Another way to explain how the Supply Chain Management works is shown in the follow picture number 3:
Figure 3: Action of the Supply chain management
The integrated logistic is just an extension of the logistic logical. The traditional logistic management cares only about to optimise the flows of products inside the farmer, while the Supply –chain management teaches us that the internal integration is not enough. If we want to analyse in detail one Hypothetical example of Supply Chain we have to take a look to the following picture and consider that every part is strictly connected with every other parts:
While Supply Chain management and the Supply Chain seem to be very similar, the most notable difference is that the first one is a process that integrates and synchronizes the supply chain to meet an organization's goals and objectives. The six essential success factors of Supply Chain management are:
- Consumer demand.
- Information and communication technologies.
- Globalization.
- Competition.
- Government regulations.
- Environmental concerns.
The dilemma that management in industry faces is how to satisfy two diametrically opposing forces: the customers' demands for better, faster, and less costly products and services and the organization's need for growth and profitability. To meet both requirements, business organizations use these logistical technique. Consumer expectations concerning service, speed, cost, and choice will continue to rise. The business trend is to provide consumers with what they want faster than any competitors can, at a price lower than the current market price, and in real time. SCM organizes the overall business process to enable the profitable transformation of raw materials or products into finished goods and their timely distribution to meet customer demands. External Factors are: globalisation, Government regulations, environment, and competition. In the following sentences, we have underline the main part of the SCM and, in the figure 5, we will see another way we can describe the SCM with its internal organization (about flowing material) we will start from the left side and following the arrows we will see the way that the production will following. The following of material is the topic we want to focus about and, the advanced supply chain management solutions provide materials managers with the necessary information to maximize contract and rebate attainment, conduct
enterprise-wide business modelling and work hand-in-hand with physicians to uncover further standardization opportunities.
Figure 5: Supply Chain management and it’s internal organization
1.1 Decisional Variables
We have to define all the variables that affect the parameters of performance of the logistical chain; the measure of performance are made by a lot of variables and every variable can influence another one or more then one other variables. The main variables of the Supply Chain Management are: Installations assigned to products: if we have some products that doesn’t take place in the heart of the enterprise, we have to underline which installation will product a particular product and its quality. Level and number of stores: it’s necessary to know the number of the stores their capability, and also where they take place. Number of levels of chain: it doesn’t exist a perfect number of level of the logistical chain, this variable depends on:
- Cars
- Services for moving houses: every house has a bulk between 300 m 3 and 400 m 3 which is made by VS DOMY.
- Everything that the costumers need.
VS DOMY: this firm is a civil engineering company based in the Czech Republic, which has successfully been designing and constructing timber frame kit houses since 1993. This object are very important and there are houses made in ecological houses that we be moved, as we will see, in many parts of Europe. During this time we have built hundreds of houses not only in the Czech Republic, but also particularly on the highly demanding German market. They have undergone a demanding quality certification to get the RAL Quality Certificate which you can see in the appendix. Now we are extending our activities to the countries of Western Europe, and in the following pictures in the next pages we will have a look of the main buildings the firm is able to build and move around Europe. VS Domy is located in Vsetìn which is a city in the east of Czech Republic in the Zlín Region, and the purpose of this firm is to get the costumer’s satisfaction thanks to the design of the houses that can reach the costumer’s demands. The costumer will be satisfied with solution that are studied for his specific needing and there will study the shape of the house, her bulk, the ground near the house, the Czech law about the houses and their maps and so on and so forth. After all this studying the house will be moved from Czech Republic to other country like: Germany, Denmark, France, Russia, Great Britain, Norway, Greece; and there are 9 kind of models of houses that can be modified every time as the costumer may ask. A model of house will appear in the following picture.
Figure 6: Example of the typical house that the firm moves
The house is build thanks to a lot of prefabricated walls and, to put together all the walls it takes about 3-5 days and then it's necessary to work around the houses and to get a new completed house it take about 6 weeks; the cost of all these operations is about 30.000 Euros for the firm. As we can see the house is compounded by a lot of walls that are prefabricated walls so this is a very useful information in fact, as we will see, it possible to transport them and build all the walls together when the house has arrived in Norway. The costs of an house is from about 150.000 Euros to 200.000 Euros for the costumer; for a big house it's necessary about 200.000 Euros while for a small one it's necessary about 100.000 Euros. These are the main kinds of houses that the firm usually transport:
Figure 7: Parvus house Figure 8: Alba house
Figure 9: Magnus house Figure 10: Altus house
Figure 11: Small house Figure 12: Medium house
Figure 13: Large house
Figure 14: Other constructions like school and supermarket
Figure 15: Other constructions like auto salon and fitness.
Figure 16: Primus house
The trucks used by this firm are environmental friendly and they respect norms EURO 2 and EURO 3, and they could have two different tanks one has a bulk of 700 litres of fuel and the second one has a bulk of 900 litres. The trucks made by Man firm have furthermore other characteristics, like:
- they weight from around 12 t to 25 t.
- the internal bulk is around 56-57 m 3 but these number can change according with the needing of the firm that has to use the truck.
- the capacity of the truck is around 27 tons.
- the number of euro pallets that can be transported thanks to this truck is around 36.
This truks the firm has decide to use have the the dimentions that we can observe in the following list :
Type of trailer Height[m] Wide[m] Long[m] Weight[t] Capacity[m 3 ]
MEGA 2,9 2,4 13,5 23,9 100 SEMI TRAILER 2,4 2,4 13,5 22,1 83 MEGA 2,9 2,4 13,5 23,1 100 SEMI TRAILER 2,4 2,4 13,5 23,1 83 SEMI TRAILER 2,4 2,4 13,5 22,9 83 Table 1: Main kind of truck used by Mashal-logistic
We have to consider that the average weight of an house is about 22 t so these trucks have to be really powerful in order to permit the house transportation, they have also two or three axles and they can have different bulk of tanks, as we have already described in the previous page. This fact depends on the length of the trip. And in figure 19 are the journeys that the trucks effects and we will consider one of them: from Czech Republic to German and then we will see the sea transportation from there to Sweden and then again we will analyse the truck transportation to Norway.
In connection with this long trip we will study all the costs step by step we will deal with problems and we will decide some suggestion for problem Solving and feasibility studies. For starting the long process that we want to realize we have to analyse the main street that the truck has to cover for arriving in the Norway city ( Drammen ).
Figure 19: Main trips of the trucks
These are the name of the most important streets and motorways they use: Nový Hrozenkov - Olomouc - Hradec Králové - Liberec – Jiríkov; for the trip in Czech Republic, Neugersdorf - Dresden (A 13) - Berlin (A11) - (A20) Sassnitz ; for the trip in German, and the motorway E6 for Sweden and Norway.
