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Fishery
the total interactions among and aquatic resource, its aquatic environment, the organisms, and people fishing (human users). Fisheries resources may either be used consumptively (harvest) or nonconsumptively (catch and release). TERM 2
Habitat
DEFINITION 2 the immediate environment in which an organism lives, including all environments needed for the organism to complete its life cycle. This includes all abiotic and biotic components such as food (biotic), cover, and spawning habitat. TERM 3
Fisheries Management
DEFINITION 3 the manipulation of human interactions with living aquatic resources in a manner that allows human to gain some sustainable benefit from these resources. TERM 4
Commercial Fisheries
DEFINITION 4 fisheries in which human users harvest fish, and sell them for profit. TERM 5
Recreational Fisheries
DEFINITION 5 fisheries in which fish are used either consumptively or non consumptively for personal enjoyment.
Subsistence Fisheries
Usually a small community within a limited region that rely on their catch for food. Some may sell or barter for other goods, but fish are not sold for money. TERM 7
Direct Users
DEFINITION 7 People fishing TERM 8
Indirect Users
DEFINITION 8 Human activities that affect a fishery, but are not involved in fishing. TERM 9
Maximum Sustained Yield
DEFINITION 9 Maximum harvest level that a population can afford based on the natural dynamics of the population. TERM 10
Q
DEFINITION 10 for each 10 degree increase in T, Metabolism doubles
Lacustrine Systems
Ponds, lakes and reservoirs TERM 17
Lotic Systems
DEFINITION 17 flowing waters: streams and rivers. TERM 18
Gradient
DEFINITION 18 vertical descent of the streambed over some horizontal distance (m/km). The single most important abiotic characteristics of a stream. TERM 19
Channelization
DEFINITION 19 the deepening and/or straightening of a stream to facilitate shipping and/or drainage of a watershed. TERM 20
Life History
DEFINITION 20 The means by which individuals, vary their age-specific expenditures of reproductive effort in response to physiologically, environmentally, ecologically and genetically induced changes to age-specific survival and age-specific fecundity.
Indeterminate Growth
organism growths throughout lifespan, although usually much slower after maturity. TERM 22
Fecundity
DEFINITION 22 number of eggs produced by a female for any given spawning event TERM 23
Parental Care
DEFINITION 23 reproductive specialization that increases offspring survival TERM 24
Diadromy
DEFINITION 24 any life history strategy in which the fish must enter fresh and saltwater to complete its life cycle. Includes anadromy, catadromy, etc. TERM 25
Anadromy
DEFINITION 25 marine fish, that spawns in freshwater. The period of juvenile residence in freshwater is variable from a few days to several years, but maturation occurs in the marine environment.
Iteroparity
reproductive strategy of fishes that spawn multiple times in a lifetime. TERM 32
Spawning Periodicity
DEFINITION 32 duration between spawns of iteroparous fishes. Most spawn annually but exceptions include sturgeon, sharks, lake trout etc. TERM 33
Escapement
DEFINITION 33 the annual number or biomass of the stock that is NOT harvested. TERM 34
Critical
Period
DEFINITION 34 period of high mortality in larval fishes which occurs during the transition to exogenous feeding. Usually occurs during 4- 7 days after hatch TERM 35
Recruitment
DEFINITION 35 the number of fish that reach harvestable size (recruit) in a given year. OR: the number of juvenile fish (age-1) that are added to the population in a given year.
Growth
the rate of biomass increase of and individual fish which results in an increase in stock biomass - bigger fish mean more stock TERM 37
Recruitment Overfishing
DEFINITION 37 fish are harvested faster than they can replace themselves (not enough adults to spawn). TERM 38
Growth Overfishing
DEFINITION 38 when fishing mortality upon young small fishes is too high, resulting in a mean size of fish in the harvest that is significantly smaller than the size that would allow maximum harvest of biomass from a stock. TERM 39
Stock (population)
DEFINITION 39 groups of interbreeding individuals that spawn in a particular stream (or other location) and do not interbreed with other such groups due to differences in spawning location or timing. TERM 40
Fisheries Stock
DEFINITION 40 that portion of the population vulnerable to harvest
