Textiles and Yarns: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Production and Operations Management

This description provides definitions for various textile and yarn terms, including filament, monofilament, multifilament, plys twist, cord yarns, simple yarns, fancy yarns, boucle yarns, spiral or corkscrew yarns, slub yarn, chenille fiber, covered yarns, core spun yarns, higher twists, lower twists, denier, texturized yarns, filament yarns, carding fibers, combing fibers, drawing, woolen and worsted systems, ring spinning, open end spinning, monofilaments, synthetics, fibrillation, bottom weight, heavyweight, loom, warp and filling threads, selvages, grain of fabric, different motions in weaving, mechanical looms, plain weave, rib weave, basket weave, twill weaves, pile weaves, jacquard weaves, leno weave, double weave, warp-faced, filled face, knits, stitch, courses, wale, number of stitches per inch, number of stitches per square inch, weft or filling knits, plain knit stitch, jersey, warp knits, traits of rib knit, fake fur, silver, terrycloth, velvet, fleece, tricot, raschel knit

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 03/19/2012

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TERM 1
Staple (spun)
DEFINITION 1
Made from staple length fibersHeld together by twisiting
forms of yarn
TERM 2
Long continous strands of fibers made from
manufactured fibers
DEFINITION 2
Filament
TERM 3
Difference between monofilament and
multifilament yarns
DEFINITION 3
Monofilament: single strandmultifilament: many fine filament
yarns joined together
TERM 4
z twist
DEFINITION 4
slants to right
TERM 5
s twish
DEFINITION 5
slants to left
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Staple (spun)

Made from staple length fibersHeld together by twisiting

forms of yarn

TERM 2

Long continous strands of fibers made from

manufactured fibers

DEFINITION 2

Filament

TERM 3

Difference between monofilament and

multifilament yarns

DEFINITION 3

Monofilament: single strandmultifilament: many fine filament

yarns joined together

TERM 4

z twist

DEFINITION 4

slants to right

TERM 5

s twish

DEFINITION 5

slants to left

Twisting together two or more single yarns

plys twist

TERM 7

Twisting together two or more ply yarns

DEFINITION 7

Cord yarnsused in making ropes, sewing thread and

cordages twish

TERM 8

yarns that are fairly smooth and uniform

along their length

DEFINITION 8

simple yarns

TERM 9

Fancy yarns

DEFINITION 9

yarns that have unlike parts and that are irregular at regular

intervalssingle, plied or cordcan be spun, filament or

textured or any combination

TERM 10

How are fancy yarns classified?

DEFINITION 10

According to their number of parts and named for the effect

that dominates the fabric.

Higher twists are....

more firmmore fibers packedsmaller in

diametersmootherresilientresistant to snagging

TERM 17

lower twists are

DEFINITION 17

softerlarger in diametermore texturedless abrasion

resistance

TERM 18

Denier

DEFINITION 18

the higher the number the bigger and finer the yarn

TERM 19

What are the advantages of texturized yarns

DEFINITION 19

adds bulk, resiliency, softness, and provides stretch

TERM 20

How are texturized filament yarn made and

what is it

DEFINITION 20

filaments that are tangled into loopsless expensive than

cutting and spinningdone my mechanical or thermochemical

drums with fine bent wire seperate and align

fibers can also blend different fibers like

cotton and cut polyester most common

process used in industry

Carding fibers

TERM 22

combing fibers

DEFINITION 22

a comb arranged the fibers into a parallel

alignmentsremoves short fibers and small tanglesfinal yarn

will be smoother stronger and more lustrousmore

expensiverequires specialized equipment

TERM 23

What is drawing when it refers to preparation

of staple fibers for spinning

DEFINITION 23

the carded or combed fibers are put through rollersforms a

long smooth strand of fibers called a silverfurther drawing

produces a roving roving is ready to

TERM 24

Difference between the woolen and worsted

system in preparing and spinning wool?

DEFINITION 24

woolen: wool is carded, long and short fibers mixed together,

yarn will be bulkier and softer with fuzzy surfaceworsted:

wool is combed, long fibers only, short fibers are

removedyarns will be sleek, smoother, and lustroustextiles

will have a smooth surface

TERM 25

spinning that produces a fine, smooth yarn

high quality but slower and more expensive

finished yarn is smooth and strong

DEFINITION 25

ring spinning

fabrics 2-4 ounces

top weight (shirts, blouses)

TERM 32

fabrics 5-7 ounces

DEFINITION 32

bottom weight (skirts, slacks)

TERM 33

fabrics 9-11 ounces

DEFINITION 33

heavyweight (mens jeans)

TERM 34

What is loom what does it do

DEFINITION 34

device on which woven fabrics are produced,holds warp

threads under tension and has a carrier for the filling

yarnwarp yarns are usually put onto the loom because they

must withstand high tension and abrasionweft yarns are

interlaced with the warp

TERM 35

The number of warp and filling threads in a

square inch

DEFINITION 35

The number of warp and filling threads is the

same

balanced weave structure

TERM 37

The side edges of woven fabric

DEFINITION 37

selvages of the fabric

TERM 38

What is the grain of fabric

DEFINITION 38

Angles of intersection between warp and weft

TERM 39

Different motions in weaving

DEFINITION 39

sheddingpickingbeatingtaking up/letting off

TERM 40

Mechanical loom that simplifies the process

with complex patterns such as brocade,

damask, and matelass

DEFINITION 40

jacquard loom

Unbalanced weaves with fine yarns crossing

over heavy yarns. Usually small warp yarns

and heavy filling yarns

Rib weave

TERM 47

Two or more warp of filling yarns used as one

yarn as they interlace with the warp of filling

yarns

DEFINITION 47

Basket

TERM 48

The warp and filling yarns are interlaced so

that a diagonal pattern is formed; floats are

formed

DEFINITION 48

Twill weaves

TERM 49

Have the diagonal running from the lower

right to upper left

DEFINITION 49

left hand twill

TERM 50

have diagonal running from the lower left to

the upper right

DEFINITION 50

right hand twills

Fabrics with cut or uncut loops which stand

up densely on the surface

pile weaves

TERM 52

Combined plain, twill, and satin weaves, often

in the same row

DEFINITION 52

Jacquard weaves

TERM 53

open gauze- like construction

DEFINITION 53

leno weave

TERM 54

Two or more sets of yarns, cloth is more than

one layer thick

DEFINITION 54

double weave

TERM 55

more warped on surface

DEFINITION 55

warp-faced

number of stitches per inch across the width

of the fabric

gaugeusually expressed in fraction.The higher the gauge the

closer the stitches

TERM 62

number of stitches per square inch

DEFINITION 62

multiply courses times walesstitch density

TERM 63

weft or filling

knits

DEFINITION 63

knits in which the yarns interlace crosswise

TERM 64

plain knit stitch, all the loops look the same

and are meshed in the same manner

DEFINITION 64

jerseywales on face, courses on backmore stretch in

crosswise than length wisefits body closely

TERM 65

knits in which the yarns interlace in a vertical

direction

DEFINITION 65

warp knits

traits of rib knit

made by alternating knit and purl stitchesgreater elasticity in

widthstable

TERM 67

Fake fur has what knit pile

DEFINITION 67

silver knit pile

TERM 68

a continuous strand of loosely assembled

fibers that is fairly uniform and without twist

DEFINITION 68

silver

TERM 69

two yarns knit simultaneously 1) uncut 2)cut

3) short, cut, and brushed

DEFINITION 69

1) terrycloth2)velvet3)fleece

TERM 70

Made with two sets of threads, fine vertical

wales on the face

DEFINITION 70

tricot:yarns zigzagdoest ravel, can curlused in swimsuits and

lingerie

web is fed into a machine with bed of barbed

needles

mechanical needle punching

TERM 77

Thermal

DEFINITION 77

thermoplastic fibers bonded by heat

TERM 78

fibers are passed between large heated roller

DEFINITION 78

calendar

TERM 79

filaments are blown onto a moving belt where

they form a web

DEFINITION 79

spunbonding

TERM 80

list durable uses for nonwovens

DEFINITION 80

geotextiles, interfacing, insulated clothing, imitation fur,wall

covering

non- durable uses for nonwovens

diapers, tea bags, examination gowns, wipes

TERM 82

What was the earliest non woven made

DEFINITION 82

felt

TERM 83

composite textiles

DEFINITION 83

fibers, yarns, fabrics, films

TERM 84

Yarns that are punched through a ground

fabric

DEFINITION 84

tufted fabricswoven or non woven

TERM 85

quilted fabrics

DEFINITION 85

composed of three layersmiddle layer: insulating