TERM 1
Conventional
Oil
DEFINITION 1
found in petroleum traps and natural gas liquids
(condensates from gas wells
TERM 2
Unconventional Oil (3
types)
DEFINITION 2
oil occurring outside of traps, including :
"tight oil" which occurs trapped in impermeable rocksobtained
by fracking
shale oil which occurs in oil shales (in the source rock itself)
and
tar sands which allow oil recovery usi ng steam extraction
3-10 times more expensive to produc e than conventional oil,
raising the price of gasoline
TERM 3
Tar Sands
DEFINITION 3
Heavy bitumen mixed with sand, clay and waterMined by
heavy machinery, then processed with steam to extract the
lower molecular weight oilGenerates large amounts of
surface wasteCosts more than conventional oilWhen put
through fractional distillation, higher amounts of asphalt and
lower amounts of gasoline are the results
TERM 4
Thermal Cracking vs Fractional Distillation
DEFINITION 4
Thermal Cracking:break 2 molecules to get a heavier and a ligh ter
molecule[CH3 - (CH2)6 - CH3]2 >> (CH3 - CH 2 - CH3) + (CH3 -
(CH2)11 - CH3)Fractiona l Distillation:molecular weight remains
constant in bulkbulk oil separated thr ough semipermeable layers
as gas, after heating, and settles into different chambers of tank
as gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel... aspha lt.
TERM 5
Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)
DEFINITION 5
Targets reserves in impermeable black shales (source
rocks).As of 2005, high volume slickwater fracking has made
the process more economical by adding certain chemicals
(classified for the most part) to the water and sand used
previously.
