Major Histocompatibility Complex and Histocompatibility Antigens: Definition and Functions, Quizzes of Immunology

Definitions and functions of various terms related to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) and histocompatibility antigens. Topics include major histocompatibility antigens, major histocompatibility complex, cass i and class ii genes, polygeny, mhc genes expression, polymorphism, isotypes, genetic polymorphism, mhc allotype, human mhcs, haplotypes, and various cell types and their functions. This information is essential for understanding the role of mhc in the immune system and the process of antigen presentation.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 03/06/2012

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TERM 1
Histocompatibility Antigen
DEFINITION 1
Antigens on tissues and cellsDetermine rejection when
grafted b/t 2 genetically different individuals
TERM 2
Major Histocompatibility Antigens
DEFINITION 2
Histocompatibility antigens that cause strong immune
responseMost important in rejection
TERM 3
Major Histocompatibility
Complex
DEFINITION 3
Collection of genes w/ long continuous stretch of DNA on
CHROMOSOME 6 Chromosome 17 in mice
TERM 4
Cass I Genes
(MHC)
DEFINITION 4
Encode glycoproteins on surface of nucleated cellsMajor fxn
of PRODUCTS is presentation of peptide antigens to Tc cells
TERM 5
Class II Genes
(MHC)
DEFINITION 5
Encode glycoproteins expressed on antigen presenting
cellsPresent processed antigenic peptides to Th cells
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe

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Histocompatibility Antigen

Antigens on tissues and cellsDetermine rejection when

grafted b/t 2 genetically different individuals

TERM 2

Major Histocompatibility Antigens

DEFINITION 2

Histocompatibility antigens that cause strong immune

responseMost important in rejection

TERM 3

Major Histocompatibility

Complex

DEFINITION 3

Collection of genes w/ long continuous stretch of DNA on

CHROMOSOME 6 Chromosome 17 in mice

TERM 4

Cass I Genes

(MHC)

DEFINITION 4

Encode glycoproteins on surface of nucleated cellsMajor fxn

of PRODUCTS is presentation of peptide antigens to Tc cells

TERM 5

Class II Genes

(MHC)

DEFINITION 5

Encode glycoproteins expressed on antigen presenting

cellsPresent processed antigenic peptides to Th cells

Class III Genes

(MHC)

Encode secreted proteins that have immune fxns

TERM 7

Polygeny

DEFINITION 7

Multiple MHC genes w/i an individual for a similar function

TERM 8

MHC genes are _______ expressed.

DEFINITION 8

Co-dominantly

TERM 9

Polymorphism

DEFINITION 9

multiple variants of the same gene in a population

TERM 10

Isotypes

DEFINITION 10

products of the different genes in Class I or Class IIHLA-AHLA-

BHLA-DR

Chances of peptide presentation are

increased by ______.

Co-expression of polygenic MHC genes

TERM 17

Cheetah's MHC are ______ polymorphic.

DEFINITION 17

MUCH less

TERM 18

Haplotypes

DEFINITION 18

combo of MHC alleles found on a single chromosome

TERM 19

Purpose of MHC

DEFINITION 19

Present antigens

TERM 20

ATCC

DEFINITION 20

antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicityCD

____ and ____ involved in phagocytosis of

microbial pathogenes

NeutrophilsMacrophages

TERM 22

_____ involved in apoptosis

DEFINITION 22

NK cells

TERM 23

CD4+

DEFINITION 23

helper T cells

TERM 24

CD

DEFINITION 24

cytotoxic t cellsCTL

TERM 25

Naive T cells express_____.

DEFINITION 25

L-selectin

_____is ths ligand for integrin

VCAM-

TERM 32

____ houses infected tissues

DEFINITION 32

VCAM-

TERM 33

Function of CD8 cytotoxic t cells

DEFINITION 33

kill virus-infected cells

TERM 34

Function of CD4 TH1 cell

DEFINITION 34

activate infected macrophagesprovide help to B cells for

antibody production

TERM 35

Function of CD4 TH2 cells

DEFINITION 35

provide help to B cells for antibody productionswitching to

IgE

Function of CD4 TH17 cells

enhance neutrophil responsepromote barrier integrety

TERM 37

function of TFH cells

DEFINITION 37

b-cell helpisotype switchingantibody production

TERM 38

function of CD4 regulatory T cells

DEFINITION 38

Supress T-cell response

TERM 39

Cytotoxic effector molecules of T cells include

______

DEFINITION 39

perforin, granzymes, granulysin, fas ligand, IFN-y

TERM 40

Macrophage-activating effector molecules of

TH1 cells include___

DEFINITION 40

IFN-y

After macrophage is activated, ______ kills

infected macrophages, releasing bacteria

Fas ligandLT

TERM 47

____ induces T-cell proliferation, increasing

the number of effector T cells

DEFINITION 47

IL-

TERM 48

_______ induces macrophage differentiation in

bone marrow

DEFINITION 48

IL-3 + GM-CSF

TERM 49

_________ activates endothelium to induce

macrophage adhesion

DEFINITION 49

TNF-a + LT

TERM 50

______ causes macrophages to accumulate at

site of infection

DEFINITION 50

CXCL

Regulatory T cells (Treg)

CD4 T cells

TERM 52

Regulatory T cells express cell surface____

and transcriptional repressor protein ____

DEFINITION 52

CD25FoxP

TERM 53

Cytotoxic T lyphocyte (CTL) steps

DEFINITION 53

Conjugate formation (via class I MHC and LFA-1)Membrane

attack (Perforin pathway, Fas pathway)CTL dissociation

(down regulation of LFA-1)Target cell destruction (apoptosis)

TERM 54

CTLs form holes in the cell, but does the cell

die from lysis or apoptosis?

DEFINITION 54

apoptosis

TERM 55

NK cells are_________

DEFINITION 55

NOT antigen specific

The activation receptor for NK cells is

______

NKG2D

TERM 62

Functions of NKT cells

DEFINITION 62

Innate immunityExpress NK cell receptorsExpress

TCRRespond rapidly to infection

TERM 63

Mixed lyphocyte reaction

DEFINITION 63

Measure of histocompatibility at the HL-A locus. Peripheral

blood lymphocytes from two individuals are mixed together

in tissue culture for several days. Lymphocytes from

incompatible individuals will stimulate each other to

proliferate significantly (measured by tritiated thymidine

uptake) whereas those from compatible individuals will not.

TERM 64

Adaptive immunity involves

DEFINITION 64

Memory

TERM 65

Secondary immune responses are _____

DEFINITION 65

faster/stronger

Short term memory involves ______

plasma cellsIgGIgAIgE

TERM 67

Long term memory involves ______

DEFINITION 67

B and T cells