Download Test Banks For CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Pediatrics 26th Edition questions and answers and more Quizzes Pediatrics in PDF only on Docsity!
Test Banks For CURRENT Diagnosis &
Treatment Pediatrics 26th Edition questions
and answers
The school nurse is educating the parents of a child with infectious conjunctivitis. Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most helpful for the parents related to prevention? A. "Use all the medication as directed." B. "Don't use anything that touches her face." C. "This could have started with a head cold." D. "Place the ointment inside the lower eyelid." - B A 7-month-old is scheduled for surgical correction of strabismus. The child's mother says to the nurse, "I'm glad my child will never have to wear that patch again." Which of these responses would be most appropriate for the nurse to make? A. "Your child will never need to wear the patch again." B. "Your child will need to wear the patch for a few days to keep him/her from rubbing or putting pressure on the eye." C. "Your child will need to wear the patch for several months to keep the eye in alignment." D. "Your child will have to be in restraints for a week to keep him/her from rubbing the eye." - B A 4-month-old infant is seen at the ambulatory care clinic and diagnosed with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The mother asks what can be done. What information should be included in the information provided to the parent? A. Once the child is 6 to 9 months old a specialist will be able to drain the duct.
B. Most of these conditions will spontaneously resolve. C. Antiviral therapy can be prescribed to manage this condition. D. Over-the-counter drops can be used sparingly. - B A 17-year-old girl has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which complication should the nurse carefully assess for in this client? A. Severe erosion of teeth B. Hypertension C. Diabetes mellitus D. Atherosclerosis - A The nurse is performing a physical examination of a 5-year-old boy. Which documented findings would most strongly indicate maltreatment of the child? Select all that apply. A. Cuts and bruises on the hands B. Burns on the dorsal surface of the hand C. A curved laceration on the back D. Linear lesions across the chest and abdomen E. A bruise on the child's knee F. A scab on the child's elbow - A, B, C, D An 11-year-old boy has recently been prescribed methylphenidate. The mother calls the pediatrician's office to speak with the advanced practice pediatric nurse practitioner. This mother has been extremely resistant to medication and insists that the medication is not working. How should the nurse respond? A. "Tell me what makes you think the medication is not working" B. "Do you want to try a different medication?" C. "Are you sure you are administering it properly" D. "Do you want to increase the dosage?" - A
D. A two-bed room in the middle of the hall - C The parents of a child with a history of seizures who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) ask the nurse why it's difficult to maintain therapeutic plasma levels of this medication. Which statement by the nurse would be most accurate? A. "A drop in the plasma drug level will lead to a toxic state." B. "The capacity to metabolize the drug becomes overwhelmed over time." C. "Small increments in dosage lead to sharp increases in plasma drug levels." D. "Large increments in dosage lead to a more rapid stabilizing therapeutic effect." - C A panicked mother calls the health care provider's office and reports that her 5-year-old has a high fever and just had a seizure. The mother asks the nurse what she should do. Which is the nurse's best response? A. Report to the emergency room for medical evaluation B. Immerse the child in a bathtub of tepid water C. Administer oral acetaminophen per package directions D. Remove any heavy clothing and cover with a thin sheet - A The nurse is assessing a 7-year-old with a hearing aid. His mother says he is losing his hearing again. Which finding would the nurse identify as contributing to this current complaint? A. Overproduction of cerumen B. Soreness of the outer ear C. History of a normal term birth D. The eardrum responds to a puff of air - A The nurse is taking a health history for a 9-year-old with conjunctivitis. Which statement by the parents leads the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing allergic conjunctivitis? A. "He recently helped clean the basement. B. "He was exposed to several family members with an infection.
C. He just recovered from an upper respiratory infection. D. We have a family history of conjunctivitis. - A The mother of a 12-year-old with Reye syndrome approaches the nurse wanting to know how this happened to her child, saying, "I never give my kids aspirin!" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "Sometimes it's hard to tell if a product contains aspirin." B. "Do you think that maybe your child took aspirin on his own?" C. "Don't worry; you're in good hands. We have it under control now." D. "Aspirin in combination with the virus will make the brain swell and the liver fail." - A The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl who has just undergone a ventriculostomy. Which of the following would the nurse include in this child's plan of care to manage increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? A. Use pillows to support the child when lying on her side B. Support the parents in starting a ketogenic diet C. Pad the side rails on the bed D. Teach her to do deep breathing techniques - A A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl with microcephaly. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take? A. Playfully ask the child to touch her nose B. Teach the parents about ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts C. Prepare the child for the experience of cranial surgery D. Administer antipyretics as ordered - A The nurse caring for a neonate experiencing seizures asks the charge nurse: "How can I tell if a baby is having a seizure or is just crying for attention?" Which response would be most appropriate? Select all that apply. A. "You will not be able to stop a seizure with gentle restraint."
The nurse is caring for a child recovering from surgery to correct strabismus. Which interventions should the nurse include when planning this child's care? Select all that apply. A. Apply an eye patch. B. Maintain on bed rest for 3 days. C. Support for nausea and vomiting. D. Provide pain medication as prescribed. E. Apply antibiotic ointment as prescribed. - C, D, E The nurse is providing education to the parents of a female with hydrocephalus who has just had a shunt inserted. When discussing the child's condition with the parents, which of the following would be most appropriate? A. "Tell me your concerns about your child's shunt." B. "Be sure to call the doctor if she gets a persistent headache." C. "Her autoregulation mechanism to absorb spinal fluid has failed." D. "Always keep her head raised 30 degrees." - A The nurse is educating parents of a male infant with Chiari type II malformation about the condition. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to include? A. Taking time to feed the infant B. Laying the infant down after a feeding C. Being able to see major difference after surgery D. Not needing to change diapers as often - A A nurse is obtaining the history from a parent of a child who experiences absence seizures. Which of the following would the nurse expect the mother to describe? A. Brief, sudden onset with muscles that become tense B. Loss of motor activity accompanied by a blank stare C. Sudden, brief jerking motions of a muscle group
D. Loss of muscle tone and loss of consciousness - B ABSENCE= BLANK STARE A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed methylphenidate hydrochloride. What should the nurse instruct the parents regarding an adverse effect of this medication? A. Anorexia B. Sleepiness C. Garbled speech D. Rapid increase in height - A For which child's behavior should the nurse identify as being characteristic of separation anxiety disorder? A. An 8-month-old who cries when left with strangers B. A 7-year-old who withdraws from contact with all strangers C. An 8-year-old who will not stay overnight at a friend's house D. A 10-year-old who reports headaches if there is to be a test in school - C The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old child diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. What information from the mother during the health history should the nurse identify as being consistent with the disorder? A. The child speaks in complete sentences. B. The child sleeps at least 12 out of every 24 hours. C. The child responds warmly to the father but not to the mother. D. The child constantly stares at a rotating wheel on the crib mobile. - D After an assessment, the nurse is concerned that a school-age child is at risk for developing a mental health disorder. Which assessment data will the nurse use to develop an appropriate plan care? Select all that apply. A. The parents recently divorced
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder about the condition. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the parents make which statements? Select all that apply. A. "We need to set clear limits for our child's behavior." B. "A reward system would be useful to give our child positive feedback." C. "We need to limit the number of choices our child has." D. "We need to give our child all directions at once in case the child gets distracted." E. "If the child acts out, we can explain that this is being bad." - A, B, C The nurse is conducting an assessment of a 5-year-old client. During the assessment, the nurse notes that the child does not maintain eye contract or speak. The nurse suspects an autism spectrum disorder. Which additional finding would help support the nurse's suspicion? A. The child constantly opens and closes the hands. B. The child is highly active and inattentive. C. The child has a slight decrease in head circumference. D. The child has a long face and prominent jaw. - A The nurse is educating the parents of a 6-year-old boy about his learning disorder. Which of the following facts would the nurse integrate into the discussion? A. Learning disorders indicate lower intelligence. B. Learning disorders are synonymous with learning deficits. C. The disorder requires comprehensive special education. D. The disorder is caused by a difference in brain architecture. - D The mother of a 2-month-old infant questions the nurse about autism. She reports a close family member has a child with this disorder and she is concerned about her child. What information can be provided to the child's mother? Select all that apply. A. "The cause of autism is largely considered to be related to immunizations administered in infancy."
B. "Concerns are often noted as early as 3 to 6 months of age." C. "Once your child begins to speak it will be easier to make a determination." D. "In infancy a lack of loving behaviors such as cuddling is concerning." E. "Infants who are on the autism spectrum may have difficulty establishing or maintaining eye contact." - D, E The nurse is recording vital signs in the client diagnosed with complications of anorexia nervosa. Which findings are consistent with the condition? Select all that apply. A. Hyperthermia B. Orthostatic hypotension C. Weak pulse D. Hypertension E. Hypothermia - B, C, E The nurse is assessing a 30-month-old child during a routine well-child visit. Which statement by the parent would alert the nurse to further assess for a learning disorder? A. "My child seems to prefer playing with certain toys and will not play with other toys very much." B. "My child likes a certain type of food and does not want to try new foods very often." C. "My child gets restless when we go to a restaurant to eat and we have to wait for our food." D. "My child does not say more than one or two words and grunts to indicate needs." - D The nurse is caring for a child who has been hospitalized for maltreatment. When reviewing the child's records which findings may have placed the child at an increased risk for abuse? Select all that apply. A. The child's mother has a history of substance use disorder. B. Both parents work outside of the home. C. The child was born prematurely.
A. Calling the doctor if the child gets a sore throat B. Keeping a written copy of the treatment plan C. Writing down phone numbers and appointments D. Using acetaminophen if the child needs an analgesic - A The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What information would lead the nurse to suspect that the cancer has infiltrated the central nervous system? A. Child reports of facial palsy and vision problems B. Observing petechiae, purpura, or unusual bruising C. Noting adventitious breath sounds during auscultation D. Palpation of abdomen reveals enlarged liver and spleen - A A 10-year-old who is receiving chemotherapy has received ondansetron before this therapy session. About an hour later, the child tells the nurse that his mouth feels really dry. The child has urinated several times and his skin turgor is normal. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "The drug you got to help with the nausea can cause dry mouth." B. "Let me increase your intravenous fluids." C. "You might be having a severe allergic reaction. Are you itchy?" D. "This indicates an infection. We need to start antibiotics." - A A child is to receive an oral corticosteroid as part of the treatment regimen for leukemia. After teaching the child and family about this drug, the nurse determines the need for additional teaching when they state: A. "We should administer the drug on an empty stomach." B. "We should check our son's urine for glucose." C. "He might develop a rounded face from this drug." D. "We will need to gradually decrease the dosage." - A
A child receiving chemotherapy is experiencing significant reduction in red blood cells secondary to myelosuppression. Which agent would the nurse most likely expect to be ordered? A. Epoetin alfa B. Filgrastim C. Sargramostim D. Gamma interferon - A A 9-year-old child with leukemia is scheduled to undergo an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. When teaching the child and parents, what information would the nurse include? A. "We'll need to have a match to a donor." B. "The risk for rejection is much less with this type of transplant." C. "You won't need to receive the high doses of chemotherapy before the transplant." D. "You'll need to have an incision in your hip area to instill the cells." - A A preschooler who received chemotherapy in the pediatric oncology outpatient department 1 week ago now has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. Tell the parent to administer acetaminophen every 4 hours until the fever dissipates. B. Ask whether any family members or other close associates are ill. C. Have the parent bring the child to the pediatric oncology clinic as soon as possible. D. Instruct the parent to immediately obtain and give the antibiotic that the oncologist will order. - C Antiemetics are ordered to control nausea and vomiting in the child undergoing chemotherapy. How can the nurse most effectively use these medications? A. Administer the antiemetic before starting chemotherapy B. Provide the antiemetic as needed (PRN) when nausea and vomiting are reported C. Use the antiemetic after it is clear that nonpharmacologic methods are not effective
B. Encouraging frequent, thorough handwashing C. Providing a low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet D. Encouraging frequent close contact with numerous visitors E. Cheering up the environment with fresh flowers and plants - A, B A nurse is providing care to a toddler with nephroblastoma and is being evaluated. Which nursing action would be most important? A. Restricting the child's visitors B. Placing a "no abdominal palpation" sign above the child's bed C. Ensuring that the child be allowed nothing by mouth D. Preparing the child for chemotherapy E. Preventing weight-bearing activities - B A nurse is communicating with a family about palliative care. Which of the following would be the best approach to take? A. Ask the family what they know, what they wish to know and be prepared to repeat the information you give to them several times B. Give the family as much information as possible to promote better decision-making C. Provide information during a crisis when the parent's senses are heightened and memory is improved D. Avoid pushing the family by asking too many questions. - A The nurse is preparing to post a sign above the crib of an infant with a Wilms tumor. Which statement should the nurse post immediately? A. "Do not palpate abdomen." B. "No intramuscular injections." C. "No milk or milk products allowed." D. "No blood sampling in lower extremities." - A
A 6-year-old is dealing with the death of a sibling. Which action should the nurse suggest to the family to best support the child with the grieving process? A. Having the child stay with a family friend instead of attending the funeral B. Assisting the child in drawing a picture to be placed in the sibling's casket C. Having the sibling stand in the receiving line with the parents at the funeral home D. Discouraging the child from interacting with family and friends while they express their sympathy - B A child receiving chemotherapy wants to have a large birthday party and invite all the classmates. When the parent asks the nurse about this, what is the nurse's best response? A. "That will be a good way to cheer your child up!" B. "It is better to avoid large groups right now." C. "What about taking your child to a movie instead?" D. "We can have the party here in the hospital play room." - B An adolescent is recovering from surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy following a diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma. Which statement by the family indicates that reteaching is needed? A. "Our child is looking forward to playing football again." B. "We will remind our child to care for the skin following radiation." C. "Our child's friends shaved their heads in solidarity to show their support." D. "We will watch for signs of infection and report it to our health care provider." - A The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child with varicella. Which statement indicates that the parents have understood the instructions? A. "We should apply alcohol to the lesions every four hours." B. "If he has a fever, we can give him some aspirin." C. "The lesions should eventually form soft crusts that drain." D. "We need to make sure that he washes his hands frequently." - D
The parents of a 5-year-old have just found out that their child has head lice. Which statement by the parents would support the nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge? A. "I can't believe it. We're not unclean, poor people." B. "We'll have to get that special shampoo." C. "Everybody in the house will need to be checked." D. "That explains his complaints of itching on his neck." - A A 6-month-old child has developed skin irritation due to an allergic reaction. He has been prescribed a topical skin ointment. The nurse will consider which of the following before administering the drug? A. That the infant's skin has greater permeability than that of an adult B. That there is less body surface area to be concerned about. C. That there is decreased absorption rates of topical drugs in infants. D. That there is a lower concentration of water in an infant's body compared with an adult. - A A nurse is teaching parents of a child with a nursing diagnosis of pain related to pruritus from skin lesions. Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply. A. "Keep the child's fingernails short." B. "Wrap your child up snugly with blankets." C. "Bathe the child in lukewarm water and baking soda." D. "Have the child press on the itching area instead of scratching it." E. "Avoid having your child wear cotton clothing." - A, C, D A nurse is teaching parents about erythema infectiosum and describing the progression of the disease from earliest to latest. Place the following manifestations in the order in which the nurse would describe them. A. Intense red rash on the face B. Rash on the flexor surfaces of extremities and trunk
C. Rash on extremity extensor surfaces D. Fever and headache E. Lace-like lesion appearance - D, A, C, B, E A child comes to the clinic for evaluation of skin lesions and is diagnosed with impetigo. Which medications are potentially ordered with instructions placed on the discharge summary? Select all that apply. A. Penicillin B. Erythromycin C. Mupirocin D. Tetracycline E. Lindane - A, B, C PEM A child in the clinic has a fever and reports a sore neck. Upon assessment the nurse finds a swollen parotid gland. The nurse suspects which infectious disease? A. Measles B. Mumps C. Whooping cough D. Scabies - B A 15-year-old boy visits his primary care physician's office with fever, headache, and malaise, along with complaints of pain on chewing and pain in the jawline just in front of the ear lobe. The boy asks his mother to leave the exam room for a minute and then tells the nurse that he is also experiencing testicular pain and swelling. The nurse recognizes that this client most likely has which condition? A. Mumps B. Infectious mononucleosis C. Poliomyelitis D. Herpes zoster - A
