Chemical Tests for Unsaturation: Bromine and Potassium Permanganate, Lecture notes of Molecular Chemistry

Two common chemical tests used to detect the presence of unsaturation in organic compounds. The bromine test involves the addition of bromine to alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, and the observation of the color change. The potassium permanganate test for alkenes involves the addition of potassium permanganate to unsaturated compounds and the observation of the color change and precipitate formation. These tests are essential in organic chemistry for identifying functional groups and determining the structure of organic molecules.

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December 14, 2015
1) The Bromine Test
bromine can be used to test for the presence of multiple bonds
bromine has a brownish colour
if bromine is added to an alkene or alkyne the brownish colour
disappears
if bromine is added to an alkane, the brownish colour remains
Tests for Unsaturation
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1 ) The Bromine Test

  • bromine can be used to test for the presence of multiple bonds
    • bromine has a brownish colour
    • if bromine is added to an alkene or alkyne the brownish colour disappears
    • if bromine is added to an alkane, the brownish colour remains

Tests for Unsaturation

2 ) Potassium Permanganate Test for Alkenes

KMnO 4 is a deep purple

colour

When added to unsaturated

compounds the MnO 4 -^ gets

reduced to MnO 2 which

forms a brown precipitate