Understanding the Circulatory System: Heart, Blood, and Blood Vessels, Slides of Physical education

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The

Circulatory

System

The Circulatory System

• Is a vast network of organs and vessels that is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, hormones, oxygen, and other gases to and from cells.

The Heart

• The heart is enclosed is a hollow muscular organ located in the chest, between the lungs.
• During an average person’s life, the heart beats at least 2,400 million times and pumps more than 500 million liters of blood.

The Heart

• The heart is enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium that enables the heart to smoothly contract and relax.
• Inside, the heart has four chambers. The Two (2) upper chamber are called artria (singular: atrium) and the Two (2) lower chambers are called the ventricles.

HEART

The Blood Vessels

• Blood vessels are tubes that serve as passageways for blood to reach the different parts of the body.
• There are three (3) kinds of blood vessels: the arteries, the veins, and the capillaries.

The Blood Vessels

• The adult human body contains approximately 1.325 gallons of blood
• Blood makes up about 70 to 80 percent of a person's total body weight.

The Blood

• The blood delivers vital nutrients and oxygen to different parts of the body.
• The blood also carries away waste products like carbon dioxide and excess water for excretion.

THE COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

Plasma

• The liquid part of the blood which is straw- yellow in color. It is made up of 90% water and the remaining 10% includes proteins, nutrients, wastes, hormones and dissolved electrolytes.
• It also has substance produced by white blood cells to defend the body against disease- causing microorganisms.

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

• Are sometimes referred to as leukocytes. They are generally bigger than red blood cells but are fewer in number. There is about one white blood cell for every 500 red blood cells. They are said to be the soldiers of the body because they protect and defend the body against diseases and infection. WBCs are also produced inside the bone marrow. In the presence of an infection or injury, the bone marrow increases the production of white blood cells.

Platelets or Thrombocytes

• Are fragments that are relatively smaller and are irregular in shape. They play an important role in blood clotting. When some blood tissues are damaged due to a wound or cut, the platelets help from blood clots to prevent the loss of blood and close due to a wound or cut, the platelets help from blood clots to prevent the loss of blood and close up wounds. Lack of platelets in the blood can cause excessive bleeding.

Effects of Physical Activity/Exercise Long Term

• Heart rate goes down
• Blood pressure will be reduced
• Can protect against heart attack, strokes and diabetes

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