Understanding Global Demography: Population Trends & Globalization's Impact, Slides of Social Sciences

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Global

Demography

Section 2 Presenter: Gwyneth Andrea Manansala Nica Negado

Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of this section, you are expected to:

1. Identify the different international issues and trends in global population;
2. (^) Synthesize the concept of globalization in relation to demography and population; and
3. Explain the theory of demographic transition and its effect on global population.

Is the study of a population based on factors such as age, race and sex. Government, Corporations and non- government organization use demographics to learn more about a population’s characteristics for many purposes, including policy development and economic market research. Demographics

The changing perspective on technology and technological advancements and the movement of international organizations (IOs) have made the world

a global civil society. The role of a global

civic society in global demography is its salient influence on institutional decision-making, affecting the population at large.

According to Ronald Lee (2003), demography is currently in transition; the mortality rate declined followed by fertility, causing population grown rates to accelerate and then to slow down again. The ongoing transition in global demography is caused by formal migration and some historical events, such as colonialism, inter-war reduction, and post-world war migration.

Lee (2003) explains that the transition to low mortality rate was influenced by the reduction of contagious and infectious diseases caused by advancements in medicine and improved nutrition because of the presence of local and international markets due to better transportation of goods.

BIRTH RATE

Birth Rate – The number of births per 1000 people per year. (Total lives births / Total population) X 1000 = Birth Rate

MORTALITY RATE

Death Rate (Mortality): The percentage of people who die relative to the country’s population (annual) (Total deaths / Total population) X 1000 = Death rate

LIFE EXPECTANCY

Expectation of life at a given age is the average number of years which a person of that age may expect to live, according to the mortality pattern prevalent in that country.

AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO

The ratio of dependents– people younger than 15 or older than 64 – to the working age population – those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working—age population.

• This model predicts that, as a country develops, high birth rates and high death rates will fall.
• This model also predicts that countries will pass through periods of industrialization and urbanization on the way to reduce birth and death rates.

The Demographic Transition Model

• Stage one is characterized by high birth rates and high fluctuating death rates resulting in small population growth. Plagues, diseases and poor nutrition keep mortality high.

Stage 1

• Stage three is characterized by a decreased growth rate of a population. Birth rates begin to fall. Industrialization, urbanization and improved living standards lead to less desire for large families.

Stage 3

• Stage four is characterized by the completion of the transition to a low growth rate with low birth and death rates. The birth rate may fluctuate in special circumstances, such as in the post-war “baby-boom.”

Stage 4