The MARIE Architecture, Study notes of Architecture

MARIE, a Machine Architecture that is Really Intuitive and Easy, is a simple architecture consisting of memory (to store programs and data) and a CPU ( ...

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MARIE
CS27 1
MARIE, a Machine Architecture that is Really Intuitive and Easy, is a simple architecture consisting of
memory (to store programs and data) and a CPU (consisting of an ALU and several registers). It has all
the functional components necessary to be a real working computer.
The MARIE Architecture
MARIE has the following characteristics:
Binary, twos complement
Stored program, fixed word length
Word (but not byte) addressable
4K words of main memory (this implies 12-bit addresses)
16-bit words
16-bit instructions: 4 bits for opcode and 12 for the address
A 16-bit accumulator (AC)
A 16-bit instruction register (IR)
A 16-bit memory buffer register (MBR)
A 12-bit program counter (PC)
A 12-bit memory address register (MAR)
An 8-bit input register
An 8-bit output register
Figure 1 MARIE's Architecture
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MARIE

CS

MARIE, a M achine A rchitecture that is R eally I ntuitive and E asy, is a simple architecture consisting of

memory (to store programs and data) and a CPU (consisting of an ALU and several registers). It has all

the functional components necessary to be a real working computer.

The MARIE Architecture

MARIE has the following characteristics:

  • Binary, two’s complement
  • Stored program, fixed word length
  • Word (but not byte) addressable
  • 4K words of main memory (this implies 12-bit addresses)
  • 16 - bit words
  • 16 - bit instructions: 4 bits for opcode and 12 for the address
  • A 16 - bit accumulator (AC)
  • A 16-bit instruction register (IR)
  • A 16 - bit memory buffer register (MBR)
  • A 12-bit program counter (PC)
  • A 12 - bit memory address register (MAR)
  • An 8 - bit input register
  • An 8-bit output register Figure 1 MARIE's Architecture

MARIE ISA

Opcode Instruction Description

0 JnS X Store the PC at address X and jump to X+

1 Load X Load contents of address X into AC

2 Store X Store the contents of AC at address X

3 Add X Add the contents of address X to AC

4 Subt X Subtract the contents of address X from AC

5 Input Input a value from the keyboard into AC

6 Output Output the value in AC to the display

7 Halt Terminate program

8 Skipcond X Skip next instruction on condition (See note below.)

The two address bits closest to the opcode field, bits 10 and 11 specify the

condition to be tested. If the two address bits are 00, this translates to

"skip if the AC is negative". If the two address bits are 01, this translates to

"skip if the AC is equal to 0". Finally, if the two address bits are 10 (or 2),

this translates to "skip if the AC is greater than 0".

Example: the instruction Skipcond 800 will skip the instruction that

follows if the AC is greater than 0.

9 Jump X Load the value of X into PC

A Clear Put all zeros in AC

B AddI X Add indirect: Use the value at X as the actual address of the data operand

to add to AC

C JumpI X Use the value at X as the address to jump to

D LoadI X Load indirect: Use the value at X as the address of the value to load.

E StoreI X Store indirect: Use X the value at X as the address of where to store the

value.

Figure 2 MARIE's Instruction Format

Instruction Processing Figure 3 The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle Figure 4 Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle with Interrupt Checking

Figure 5 Processing an Interrupt