The Role of Care Managers in Collaborative Care Tasks and Effective Communication, Lecture notes of Nursing

The role of care managers in collaborative care tasks and effective communication. It describes the characteristics of effective care managers and the importance of engaging caregivers and families. It also provides information on attitudes and beliefs about depression and the various treatment options available. The document emphasizes the need for effective communication between care managers and primary care providers, and the importance of identifying, initiating, tracking, and adjusting care tasks.

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2021/2022

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4/21/2014
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Care Manager Role
Collaborative Team Approach
PCP
Patient Care
Manager Psychiatric
Consultant
Other Behavioral
Health Clinicians
Core
Program
AdditionalClinic
Resources
Outside
Resources
Substance Treatment, Vocational
Rehabilitation, CMHC,
Other Community Resources
NewRoles
Care Manager is a ROLE
Most common
MSW, LCSW, MA/MS Counselor,
LMFT
Less common
Clinical Psychologist, RN
All-in-one or split between licensed
provider and unlicensed staff
Who are Care Managers?
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Care Manager Role

Collaborative Team Approach

PCP

Patient Care Manager

Psychiatric Consultant

Other Behavioral Health Clinicians

Core Program

Additional Clinic Resources

Outside Resources

Substance Treatment, Vocational Rehabilitation, CMHC, Other Community Resources

New Roles

Care Manager is a ROLE

  • Most common

MSW, LCSW, MA/MS Counselor,

LMFT

  • Less common

Clinical Psychologist, RN

  • All-in-one or split between licensed

provider and unlicensed staff

Who are Care Managers?

Care Manager is a ROLE

  • Persistent
  • Flexible, open to new ways of practicing
  • Adaptable to primary care culture and workflows
  • Enjoys working in a collaborative team
  • Organized, able to track entire population of

patients

  • Strong advocate for changing treatments until

patient improved

Characteristics of Effective Care

Managers

Collaborative Communication

PCP

Patient Care Manager

Psychiatric Consultant

Other Behavioral Health Clinicians

Core Program

Additional Clinic Resources

Outside Resources

Substance Treatment, Vocational Rehabilitation, CMHC, Other Community Resources

New Roles

Collaborative Care Tasks

Indentify and Engage Patients

Initiate and Provide Treatment

Track Treatment Outcomes

Proactively Adjust Treatments

Other Care Tasks

Educate & Inform

  • Clinic provides whole patient care
  • Focus on symptoms problematic for

patient

  • Don’t argue about diagnosis, focus on

symptoms

  • Treatment options
    • Patient preference
    • Prior experience
    • Family experience

Set Expectations

  • We have effective treatments
  • Most patients need at least 1 treatment change - Sometimes multiple changes
  • We won’t give up!
  • You play an important role
    • Selecting/changing treatment
    • Goals
    • Self management
    • Family engagement

“Minimizer” Patients

Some patients minimize symptoms / don’t

endorse depression if asked

  • Could have low PHQ-9 score but obviously

depressed

Older adults and men more likely to minimize

or focus on somatic symptoms

Some cultures more stoic and more likely to

minimize symptoms

PHQ-9 is a tool to help identify patients

  • does not replace clinical judgment

Attitudes & Beliefs

  • Patients may know little about

depression

  • What they know may be inaccurate
  • May believe…
  • Depression is selfish, weakness
  • They should “handle it themselves”
  • Especially true for older adults, men

Attitudes & Beliefs

Culture can play important role

  • Cultural beliefs about causes, treatments
  • Stigma
  • Manifestation of symptoms can vary

Know your own attitudes & beliefs

  • Do you believe psychotherapy is best

treatment option for everyone?

  • How do you feel about medications?

Your beliefs are communicated to patients

Why Engage Caregivers /

Family?

  • Family sees mood and behavior

changes over time

  • Family can support treatment plan
    • Especially self-management plans
  • Patient chooses level of family

involvement

Why brief behavioral

interventions?

Feel Bad

Do Less

3 Goals of Behavioral Activation

Increase

adaptive

activities,

preferably

for mastery

and

pleasure

Decrease

activities

that

maintain

depression

Problem

solve

barriers to

rewarding

things

Typically we think of acting from the “inside  out” (e.g., we wait to feel motivated before completing tasks)

In BA, we ask people to act according to a plan or goal rather than a feeling or internal state

Approach:

Outside  In

Problem-Solving Treatment (PST):

FAST

  • Engage patient
in what they
care most about

FOCUS ATTENTION

  • Training brain to
solve problems
UNIVERSE OF PROBLEMS

Problem-Solving Process

Problem Definition

Realistic Patient Goal

Brainstorming

Pros and Cons

Choosing a Solution

Action Plan

Outcome Evaluation

UNIVERSE OF PROBLEMS

Major Depression

Medication Treatment

SSRI
  • Fluoxetine/Prozac
  • Sertraline/Zoloft
  • Citalopram/Celexa
  • Escitalopram/Lexapro
  • Paroxetine/Paxil
  • Fluvoxamine/Luvox
SNRI
  • Venlafaxine/ Effexor
  • Duloxetine/Cymblta

Other

  • Newer:
    • Bupropion / Wellbutrin / Zyban,
    • Mirtazapine / Remeron
  • Older:
    • TCA (Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline )
    • MAOI

Common Augmentation

  • Buspirone /Buspar
  • Antipsychotic medications (ex. Abilify or Seroquel)

Communication: How and

When?

  • Communication is
key to team
function!
  • Consider modality
    • In person
    • Staff (MA or nurse)
    • Phone
    • Fax
    • Email (careful with confidential info)
    • EMR
  • Frequency
    • Scheduled
    • As needed

PCP

Patient (^) CM Psychiatric Consultant

Other Behavioral CliniciansHealth

Core Program

Additional Clinic Resources

Outside Substance Treatment, VocationalRehabilitation, CMHC, Resources Other Community Resources

Communication with PCPs

  • Communicate changes in patient’s

clinical and functional status

  • Prioritize which changes need to be

brought to the attention of the PCP

  • Maintain enough contact so that they remember who you are, but no so much

that they see you as a pest

Key Elements to Include

When Talking to PCP

  • Baseline Clinical measures
    • e.g., PHQ-9 Score
  • Current Symptoms
    • Symptoms that aren’t improving
  • Current treatment(s) and length of time
  • Problematic side effects
  • Psychiatric consultant recommendations (if relevant)

PCP Discussion Template

Communicating with

Psychiatric Consultant

PCP

Patient Care Manager

Psychiatric Consultant

Other Behavioral Health Clinicians

Core Program

Additional Clinic Resources

Outside Resources

Substance Treatment, Vocational Rehabilitation, CMHC, Other Community Resources

New Roles

Care Manager

Psychiatric Consultant

Communicating with

Psychiatric Consultant

Weekly consultation -review caseload -create recommendations -track outcomes

Each ≥0.5 FTE care manager = 1 hour/week with consultant

4-6 patients per hour

Collaborative Care Tasks

Indentify and Engage Patients

Initiate and Provide Treatment

Track Treatment Outcomes

Proactively Adjust Treatments

Other Care Tasks

Why Track Outcomes

Proactive treatment adjustment

  • Avoid Patients staying on ineffective

treatments for too long

  • Treatment plan “shelf life” = 10-12 weeks max
  • Full, partial, no response

Know when to refer for consultation / get

help

Tracking Outomes

  • Rescreen patients
  • Enter in registry
  • Flags patient you want to talk with PC

How Does a Registry Help?

Keep track so no one “falls through the cracks”

  • All patients being treated
  • What’s happening for each

Shows who needs additional attention

  • Not in contact
  • Not improving
  • Outcome of referrals

Facilitates communication with PCP, Consulting

Psychiatrist, Other providers

Collaborative Care Tasks

Indentify and Engage Patients

Initiate and Provide Treatment

Track Treatment Outcomes

Proactively Adjust Treatments

Other Care Tasks

Remember: Most Patients Will

Need Treatment Adjustments

Only 30 – 50% of patients have a

complete response to initial treatment

50 – 70% will require at least one change

in treatment to get better

Other Collaborative Care Tasks

  • Caseload management
  • Referrals to care
  • Completion of treatment
  • Relapse prevention
  • Quality Improvement efforts

Collaborative Team Approach

PCP

Patient Care Manager

Psychiatric Consultant

Other Behavioral Health Clinicians

Core Program

Additional Clinic Resources

Outside Resources

Substance Treatment, Vocational Rehabilitation, CMHC, Other Community Resources

New Roles