The Vascular Technology (VT)ination Exam
Question 1. Which property of sound waves determines their ability to penetrate deep tissues in
vascular ultrasound?
A) Amplitude
B) Frequency
C) Wavelength
D) Pulse duration
Answer: B
Explanation: Lower frequency sound waves penetrate deeper into tissue, while higher frequencies
provide better resolution but less penetration.
Question 2. What is the typical speed of sound in soft tissue, used as a standard in ultrasound
calculations?
A) 1450 m/s
B) 1540 m/s
C) 1620 m/s
D) 1750 m/s
Answer: B
Explanation: The assumed average speed of sound in soft tissue for medical ultrasound is 1540 m/s.
Question 3. Which ultrasound artifact appears as multiple, equally spaced linear echoes behind a
strongly reflecting interface?
A) Reverberation
B) Shadowing
C) Enhancement
D) Mirror image
Answer: A
Explanation: Reverberation artifact is caused by repeated reflections between two strong reflectors,
producing parallel lines on the image.
Question 4. The Doppler effect in vascular ultrasound is primarily used to measure which of the
following?
A) Tissue density
B) Blood velocity
C) Vessel diameter
D) Acoustic impedance
Answer: B
Explanation: The Doppler effect allows the measurement of blood flow velocity by detecting frequency
shifts from moving red blood cells.
Question 5. What factor has the greatest influence on the magnitude of the Doppler frequency shift?
A) Blood viscosity
B) Angle between the ultrasound beam and flow direction
C) Transducer aperture
D) Patient’s age
Answer: B
