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-The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) provides universal full-text access to the literature of particle physics via the SPIRES-HEP database and the ...
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The Virtual Library in Action
fXt7 r>i75-~scrjpt Navigate^ ~usiomize^ @uments^ Manuals^ He@
Document: ~http://siacvm.slac.stanford.edu/Fll\lD/slac.html ‘.. I ! ! 1
THE VIRt%JAL IXBRARY
IN ACTION
-The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) provides
universal full-text accessto the literature of particle physics via
the SPIRES-HEP databaseand the World-Wide-Web (WWW)
L. Addis, H. Galic, P. Kreitz, A. Johnson Stanford Linear Accelerator Center* [email protected]
Presentedat the American Chemical Society(ACS)National Meeting Chemical Information Division Symposium (CINF), The Library of the Future Anaheim, CA
4 April 1995
I
SLAC - HEP Information Services
April 1995
Today SLAC supportsseveraldatabasesof interestto the HEP community,including SPIRES-HEP,the
HEPnamesEmail directory (24K addresses),Books, Conferences,Experiments(w/PDG), Institutions, and the FreeHEPsoftwaretools directory.
The following diagram showsparticipation and usagefor the SPIRES-HEPdatabaseonly.
SPIRES-HEP
300,000 bibliographic records (1975 to present) w/links to >17,000full-text papers (1993 to present)
120,000queries/m as of h&r 1995
-200 SLAC Users (direct) 50 U.S.Phys.Depts.(direct)
100,000 queries/month as of Mar 1995 (up from 46,000in Mar 1994)
0
-Sites,which run clone copies of the SLAC HEP databaseand provide regionalHEP information. (SLAC provides nightly updateson the Internet. About 20,000new recordsareaddedannually.)
a
-Sites which use SLAC HEP directly to managetheir own documentcollections.
0
-Sites which regularly download large portions of SLAC HEP for usein regional services.
c -Sites which also contribute data to SLAC HEP or provide other databaseinformation,
I
-Internet user communities.
q -Login usercommunities. I I
PREPRINTS, E-PRINTS, AND SPIRES-HEP
Preprints (including electronic preprints), conferencepapers,technicalreports, theses,and never-
preprinted journal articles are all enteredin the HEP database.Currently about 20,000 new records
are added annually by the SLAC Library (60%), the DESY Library (30%), and a variety of other sites. (Like many other aspectsof particle physics, SPIRES-HEPis a collaboration.)
The SPIRES-HEPdatabaseis tailored to the particle physicscommunity needsthru the inclusion of the usual bibliographic information and somelessusualinforrnation specialto particle physics. For example:
All authors are included (with their associatedinstitutions). Sinceexperimentalparticle physicists tend to work in very large groups on very large and expensiveequipment, almost
200 important papersin 1994 had more than 100 authors. The record is 850.
Since authors are almost always listed in alphabeticalorder, it is extremelyimportant that all authors be searchable(especially to thosewhose namesbegin with letters after A, such as Nobelists Rubbia and Richter).
The namesof ‘collaborations’ are included. Often a group of experimentalistswill go by a name basedon their experiment such as the SLD Collaboration at SLAC or the CDF and DO Collaborations at Fermilab which just announcedthe discovery of the ‘top quark.’
The namesof the experimentsare included so that all the papersf?oma particular experiment can be identified.
All the referencesto publishedjournal articlesor to numberedelectronicpreprints (e-prints) are included to form a ‘citation index’. For instanceif I cited a paper in the Physical Review, volume D35, page 1001 it would be enteredas PHRVA,D35,1001 and later searcherswould be able to find all paperswhich cite PHRVA,D35,1001 including mine.
Extensive subjectindex terms are addedby physicistsat DESY to makevery specializedtopic searchingpossible.
A code is addedto every conferencepaper making it possibleeasily to find many of the papers for a particular particle physics conferencelong before the proceedingsis published.
If the preprint originated as an electronic preprint, as a majority now do, the e-print number is included and indexed.
THE IMPORTANCE OF RAPID COMMUNICATION
Becauseexperimentsare very expensiveand have a very long lead time, particle physicists have for many years used preprints, the prepublication versionsof both theoreticaland experimental researchresults Journal publication hasbeenvery important as a stampof approval but too slow tc meet the day to day information requirementsof this community. SPIRES-HEP,in fact, got its start from the need for a rapidly updated databasewhich included preprints.
To this day, preprints and their kin are addedimmediately to the HEP database,mostly within 24 hours of arrival and there are no backlogs.
The other side of this is the ephemeralnature of preprints. That is, a^ preprint hasin the past^ been only important until the day it was published in a journal.
r i
140000
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Accesses via WWW to both the
SPlRES/HEP Database and SLAGS PostScript Preprint Server
Apr. 1993 - Mar. 1995
CONVERTING E-PRINT TeX PAPERS TO VIEWABLE
POSTSCRIPT
March 1995
Each night papers submitted to the e-print archives (act-phys, astro-ph,gr-qc, hep-ex, hep-lat, hep-ph, hep-th, nucl-ex, nucl-th, and quant-ph) are downloaded at SLAC and automatically TeXed** to produce^ postscript^ output. Currently about^ 700 papersper month are received in this way.
Papersthat fail the automatic TeX process(about 40%) are manually processedthe next day at either the SLAC Library or by our colleaguesat the DESY Library in Hamburg and posted to the SLAC postscript server.
All papersare testedfor viewability on the Web and printability,
Authors are contactedby the SLAC library staff and askedto provide figures (either as Postscript or by fax). Faxed figures are^ converted^ to postscript^ at SLAC and^ posted^ as separateps.2 files..
Input to the SPIRES-HEPcitation index is also extractedfrom the TeX sourceduring the automatic processingand stored for use by the inputters during the catalogingprocess.
Postscriptdocumentsare stored at SLAC and made availablethrough FTP and HTTP
Postscript documentsare linked to bibliographic recordsin the SLAC SPIRES-HEP database.
RESULT - Using SPIRES-HEP via WWW, physicists can now not only look up papers in a consistently structured database,but also read and/or print many of thesepapersfrom their desktops.
** The automatic TeX systemwas developedby Paul Mende at Brown U.
SPIRES-HEP
World-Wide-Web Information Sheet
April 1995
browsers and how to obtain them, telnet to:
telnet.w3.org (no password).
You don’t need anything more than a dumb terminal for this.
URL:
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/FIND/spires.html
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/FIND/slac.html
compressed postscript (ps.Z) .The most popular such browser is NCSA’s Mosaic
for X. It can be obtained by anonymous FTP from:
ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in directory /Mosaic.
browser pictured in these pages, available via FTP from:
freehep.scri.fsu.edu
in directory /freehep/networking-email-news/midaswww
(includes source code as well as executablesfor aix, sun4, hpux, osf, sgi
and VMS.)
MidasWWW is especially well suited for databaseindex searching since the
entire search statement is easily visible and the search area is always present and
active at the bottom of the page no matter where the scroll bar has been pulled.
Addis, SLAC
I
~http:fAwwslac.stanford.edufFlNCYspires.html
Welcome to SLAC-SPIRES information Retrieval Svstem
A variety of SLAB databases of interest to high-energy physics community is now made available via WWW. This project is still in the experimental phase and we do appreciate your
feedback. If a caretaker of a particular database is not listed, please address your comments to: [email protected]
The following SLACPsinformation sources are currently accessible to WWW users: ,
Books: SLAC Library &ok _ca_taJox.
Preprints:
r-Q&
m.Pp~~pfint database. Contains bibliographic summaries~ore than 300,000 particle
physics papem. Included are preprints,
Searchable by author, title, report citations of your favorite author read abstracts of e-print archive papers. Ne
of our (still) highly comments/suggestions related to the forms to: [email protected]
Recent e-Prints: Useful in searching for recent high-energy physics e-prints (‘bulletin-board” papers)
not yet covered by the HEP database. Find abstracts and viewable postscript (made at SLAC) of articles posted &o-&J~ yeBt,e&K in the la&_sevw&ys, wee_k_befo_w &hat,
or anyt_ime. Preferred access to older e-prints is through the HEP preprint database
(above).!
Hepnames:
World-wide err-m~ail.dir&ory.of people related to particle physics. Includes SLAC
-mce posfs&of g!?v&we ~gJsa?m~ -@rtmrents -&vuf&
Document: ~ttp.Il~l~evm.rl~c.rturford.cdu5080mndmcp~fonn.html
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The HEP Prerxint database
The HEPpreprint database contains bibliographic summa&x of more than 280,000 particle phyxiu papen. Induded are preprints, joumal articles, technical reporls, thaix, etc. Need help? Choose 1 below for help on my Geld.
Collaboration:
------ Q*%ai
46 how oniy number^ of m&he
Y.... (^). f
soLARNEuTRlNoExPERlMENTs. By Naoye Hate, Paul Langacker (Penn U.). UPR-O692-T, Nov 1993.46~~.
e-Print Amhive: hepphBSll lkfemw EWWQdtt cu3isesaati
go?: UPDATED MSW ANALYSIS AND THE SlXNDARD SOLAR
3ya Hate, Paul Langacker (Penn U.). UPR-OMIl-T, Aug 1993.16~~. Update Ik given at International Workxhop on Supersymmetq md Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY93), Boston, MA, 29 Mar - 1 Apr 1993. In *Boston 1993, Proceeding, Superrymmetry and unification of fundamental intumctionr, SUSY 93.662-672. and Pennsylvania Univ. Philadelphia - UPR-068lT (SsIM),nxAug.) 16 p. and (314708). e-Print Archive: hep-ph/gS
I..
Naoya Hata and Paul Langacka
-m paecfw -tje@Mectismnbx -aowments-&$wnJ&
Document: )Ittp.IllbneM.rlac.stankrd.edu%B%hep-pB.psZ
-&Ye pasrscr& -&vigi?re @romke ~l&Imuf’tS ~lgmwls
Document: @pSllbnentslac.rtanford.edu5OOOhep-pBZ.psZ
4
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We look for the title words ‘TOP QUARK OBSERVATION’ and find the two March 1995 papers from Fermilab announcing the important discovery of the ‘top quark.’
We examine the referencelist for one of thesepapersand follow a referenceto a paper published in Nuclear Physicswhich is available from the ElsevierWWW serverto Nuclear
Physics subscribers.
E8e posfsc+7f -&at&M? -@smmi?e -DocumcnpJ &wruais
Document: ~ttp~/slacMn.sl;lc.ttanford.edu5080/lindlsp~onn?a~or-&We-topcqu~+ob!
lChPngeFormPt] to + Default 0 Full 0 citstion
Search Command: FIND TITLE TOP QUARKOBSERVATION AND DATE IN 1995 Result: 2 documents found:
TipDF Collaboration (F. Abe, et al.). FE RMIIAB-PUB-95422-E, Mar 1995.
e-P&t Archive: hep-exL6O LbkC!fh#QWd Ii%%xenm lxtaum
c
,Rk postsm&t &m&e& -tistom&e -&.nwmen?s -Aisnuexr (^) !!ffb
Tltlc: Nntltlcd (http~/slaewn.slac.ttanford.eduS080mnd/)
Document: )Ittp.Jlslrcvm.slsc.stanford.edu5O8OMnd/hcp?fln+keyt3100952+(usln~fs
Some of the references, mostly to bulletin-boards and published journal articles, from the paper: Observatlm of the top quark (Only the first author is displayed, where known)
PbFR-EQV&tk!& 2134 (Abachi: Sealrh For The Top Quark In PAnti-P Cohi...) PhYR.BQK~i%~ (Abe: Evidence For Top Quark Production In Anti-PP...) wYM~v,L&t.!73,235 IAbe: Evidence For Top Quark Production In Anti-PP...) I%y~.Lntt B32l, 254 Ilnenen: Top Quark Production Cross-Section...) Nucl.bat~etk 433% I85 IAbachi: The DO Detector...)
w
ucI.Pltya. B403,5$3. (Ciele: Higher Order Corrections To Jet Cross-Se&i...) CQ~~M,PI!~M&V$I&~&~&, @‘7*46& iMucherini: Herwig: A Monte Curio Event I Generator ...)
I
3
TlUe: FIND SPlClTE NUPHMl403833 (HEP-SPIRES-SLAC)
Document: ~~ap~/slaMn.slac.rtonford.edu5080mndmep?Rn+spicltNUPHAB403833 (^) I
Database: HEP (SPIRES-SLAO &arch Command: FIND SPICITE NUPHA+B403, Besult: 1 document found:
~~ffJXJ&O.~DER CORRECTIONS TO JEI’ CROSS-SECFIONS IN HADRON
By W.T. Qiele bermilab), E.WN Qlover (Durhrm U&David A. Kosower (CEIZN &Saclny). FERMILAB-PUB-92-230-T, (Received Jan 1993). 36pp.
e-Print Archive: hep-pNg30mS PQfQ’TQWQR KQY~QCdR cuatibccb bb$Fnc$mLTeW. Link to &qrAInmmrerver
m fern Nucl. Phyr. lemr (Aceear may be nxetrictsd)
Link to the lorrlo EEP@P~E%8I&%%MQ
/’
-m f+tsc@t h&@ste ~tistmnlu -@cuments -mats (^) HP
Document: ~ttp~/wvnv-cdf.fnal.qov/physlcJpub95/cdf3H~topgrl.ps (^) I
flk &sts@t &&ate CuJromLe -@wnents --ah
Document: ~ttp&ww-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/pub85/fdfXHl~topgrl.pr
Reconstructed Mass (GeJf/c*)
mrltrti comahid to the c&d&d r&A
