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1.1 Recognition of self molecules by immune system is important for A. Activation of natural killers involved in innate immunity B. Binding and identification of consequences of the future cooperation x C. Induction of TCR and BCR expression on the self molecules D. Stimulation of binding with E. Activation of processes leading to kill the cell presenting self molecules 1.2 NK – natural killer identifie the abnormalities on cells by detecting the amount of A. MHC I molecules x B. Non self molecules C. PAMP – pathogen-associated molecular patterns D. PRR – pattern recognition receptors E. SGR – somatically generated cell surface receptors 1.3 PRR – pattern recognition receptors – can bind A. B and T lymphocytes B. Host-cell molecules C. MHC I molecules D. NK cells E. PAMP x 1.4 SGR (e.g. BCR resp TCR) on B and T lymphocytes are A. Bound only to MHC I molecules B. Encoded to recognise PAMP C. First to be produced after exposition to foreign molecule D. Of the same specificity in everybody E. Randomly generated during intrauterine development x 1.5 Immunological memory deals with A. Activation of phagocyting cells leading to ingestion of mibrobial invaders B. Changes of adaptive immunity after repeated exposition to the antigen of the same microbe x C. Stability of innate immunity reaction to reexposition to the same microbe D. Recognition of PAMP via PRR E. Stimulation of defective host cell with reduced amount of MHC molecules to do the apoptosis 1.6 Which of below mentionned structures on microbes are recognised by human immune system molecules. A. MHC I molekuly B. MHC II molekuly C. PAMP x D. PRR E. SGR 2.1 Synthetic molecule that bind the receptors on B cells, but does not stimulise their production of specific antibodies unless it is conjugated with bigger immunogenic molecules is A. adjuvans
B. carrier C. hapten x D. immunogen E. tolerogen 2.2 Which of below mentioned molecules induce the strongest specific immune reaction in man A. 250 000 Da self plasmatic protein B. 150 000 Da toxin produced by bacterium x C. 500 Da plasmatic protein from monkey D. 400 Da molecule from foreign man E. 200 Da molecule of carbohydrate that is the same in all biological species 2.3 During early stages of lymphocyte development the receptor-epitop binding can results in inactivation or death of the lymphocyte, or unresponsivness. The epitop is A. hapten B. immunogen C. tolerogen x D. carrier E. adjuvans 2.4 Natural killers induce lysis of infected cell, that has the decreased exposition of MHC I molecules. NK cells do this by activation of receptors: A. receptors for complement B. Fc receptors C. KAR – killer activation receptors x D. KIR – killer inhibition receptros E. TCR 2.5 Antibodies mediated accumulation of macrophages in the site of pathogen arises thanks to A. Receptors for complement B. Fc receptors x C. KIR – killer activation receptors D. PRR – pattern recognition receptors E. TLR – toll like receptors 2.6 Allergic reaction is induced by A. adjuvans B. hapten C. immunogen x D. tolerogen E. no of answer is correct 2.7 Binding of epitop on Fab portion of molecule before its Fc fragment anchors in target structure is not required for A. molecule of the carrier B. conjugate of hapten-carrier C. hapten
3.5 Which of the mentionned possibilities is the cause of
microbicidal activity in respiratory tract
A. Lysosyme that degrades 1,4 glycosidical binding of bacteria x B. Saliva that break IgA molecules pn mucous membrane C. Fatty acids of commensal bacteria degrading the peptidoglycan of pathogens D. Tears enabling ingestion of microbes by phagocytes E. Lysosyme degrading DNA and RNA produced by pathogenic microbes. 4.1 Which of mentioned cells are present on the place of infection by worms A. basofils B. eosinofils x C. lymphocytes D. monocytes E. neutrofils 4.2 NK cells – natural killers - belong to: A. basofils B. eosinofils C. lymphocytes x D. monocytes E. neutrofils 4.3 In microscopic smear of the pus from bacterial infection site there will be mostly present A. bazofils B. eozinofils C. lymphocytes D. monocytes E. neutrofils x 4.4 Which of mentionned cells are leading cells in allergic reactions A. basofils x B. dendritic cells C. lymphocytes D. monocytes E. neutrofils 4.5 Which of mentionned cells engulf extracellular bacterial antigens and are not antigen presentig cells A. basofils B. dendritic cells C. eosinofils D. macrophages E. neutrofils x 4.6 Red blood cells arise from A. granulocyte line
B. lymfocyte line C. monocyte line D. myeloid line x E. trombocyte line 4.7 Which of bellow mentionned cells undergo differenciation in thymus A. basofils B. eosinofils C. lymfocytes x D. monocytes E. neutrofils 4.8 Predominant form of leucocytes in the blood of patient with longlasting pyogenic bacterial infection are A. B lymphocytes B. Juvenil and inmature neutrofils x C. Monocytes a macrophages D. Natural killers E. T lymphocytes 4.9 Cells of lymphoid line A. Are most frequent leucocyte population B. Is formed by T, B, and NK cells x C. Contain cytoplasmatic granules D. Differentiat from precursors of myeloid cells E. Phagocyte rests of foreign cells. 5.1 PAMP – pathogen-associated molecular patterns A. Enable lymphocytes to recognise microbes and disrupt them B. Are cystein-rich peptides of leucocytes C. Are recognised by PRR – receptors of innate immunity x D. Are proteins on the surface of infected cell E. Induce secretion of interferons 5.2 Primary immunity to Gram – negative bacterium involves A. Nonspecific stimulation of complement x B. Production of specific somatically generated receptors C. Productin and secretion of specific antibodies D. Production of specific cytokines by lymphocytes E. Stimulation of KIR on NK cells 5.3 Nonspecific immune mechanisms do not include A. chemokines B. complement C. defenzines D. memory cells x E. Interferon type 1
D. Histamin E. Mastocytes 6.6 Classical complement pathway is activated by A. Activation of C1 x B. Cleavage and activation of C4, C2 and C C. IgA binding to specific epitop D. Production of Membrane Attack Complex E. Production of C3 convertase 6.7. The role of classical complement pathway is to: A. Cleave to immunoglobulin molecules on Fc fragments B. Lyse microbe x C. Recognise specific epitops on microbes D. To start degranulation of histamin E. Inhibit degranulation of histamin 6.8 MHC II molecules are expressed on A. All cells with nucleus B. Antigen presenting cells x C. on erytrocytes D. on mastocytes E. on T cells 6.9 The structure of TCR is formed by A. heterodimer of ab (gd) bound on membrane of T cell x B. complex of heavy and light chains C. molecules CD3 a CD247 on the membrane of T cell D. complex of MHC with peptid (pMHC) E. soluble IgM molecule 6.10 Migration of B lymfocyte to a specific place (e.g. lymphatic node) depend on production of A. antibodies B. CD8 molecule C. CD3 molecule D. complement E. Selectins x 6.11 Which of mentioned molecules is present on every mature T helper cell A. CD4 x B. CD C. GlyCAM- D. IgA E. IgG 7.1 TCR – receptor on CD8+T cells - recognises fragments of peptid bound in A. CD3 molecule B. CD4 molecule C. MHC I molecule x
D. MHC II molecule E. MHC III molecule 7.2 B lymphocytes exprime the molecule of immunoglobulin A. That is specific for 2 to10 different antigens B. In phagosome and cytoplasma C. In membrane complex containing CD D. On their surface membrane x E. Only before leaving bone marrow 7.3 Primary lymfoid organs are those in which A. Specific immunity is activated B. Filtration of cell debrits are performed C. Circulating leucocytes communicate mutually D. Lymphocytes undergo the basical differenciation x E. PRRs bind antigens 7.4 Thymus is the place of primary differenciation of A. B cells B. T cells x C. Erytrocytes D. Heamtopoetic stem cells E. Neutrofils 7.6 Which of molecules is present on CD4+ T cell A. BCR B. CD1d C. CD3 x D. CD E. CD 7.7 Positive selection of T cell: A. Is done in bone marrow B. Means production of specific TCR C. Is the migration of stem cells to tymus D. Is programmed death of autoreactive T cells E. Recognition of self MHC by double positive thymocytes x 7.8 Which are primary lymfoid organs A. Bone marrow x B. Lymphatic node C. Peyer´s plaques D. Spleen E. Tonsils 7.9 White pulpe of spleen is rich on A. erytrocytes B. CD4+CD8+T cells – double positive C. NK cells D. Plasmatic cells x
9.2 Negative selection of T cells is produced in
A. periferal blood circulation B. bone marrowi C. lymphatic node D. spleen E. thymus x 9.5 γδT cell A. can recognise many different antigens B. has surface membrane markers characteristic for NK cells C. changes to memory cells during reexposition to an antigen D. migrates mostly to respiratory organs, skin and peritoneal cavity x
E. produces slowlier answer to antigen than NK cells do
9.6 NKT cells
A. are usually CD8 pocitive B. bind with pMHC II C. have TCR x D. synthesise immunoglobulin E. present Ig on their surface 9.8 B-1 B cells when compared with B-2 B cells A. arise later in development B. are more important for innate immunity mechanisms x C. have IgD than IgM molecules D. recognise more antigens E. require T cell cooperation for activation
10.1 T cells recognise epitop to which they are exposed for the first time by
A. randomly generated TCRs x B. MHC molecule C. Ig molecule D. One of many molecule on the surfacei E. PRR
10.2 Which of below mentioned bind peptid to MHC II
A. CD4+ T B. CD8+ T C. Dendriticcells x D. gd T cells E. neutrofils 10.3 Fragments of intracelular pathogen are presented to T cell A. by activation of PRR on the cell surface B. by pinocytosis to gd T cells C. by molecules of MHC I to CD8+ T cells x D. by molecules of MHC II to CD8+ T cell E. by molecules of MHC II to CD4+ T cell
10.4 I munological synapsis is
A. binding of PAMP to PRR B. Restriction of CD4+ T cells for MHC I molecule C. Selective anergy of T cells D. Recognition of free peptides by T cells E. Contact between APC and T cell x 10.5 CD4+ T respnding to intracellular pathogen by activation and aggregation of phagocyting cells are A. APC B. CTL - cytotoxic T lymphocytes C. Th0 cells D. NK cells th1 x E. Th2 cells
10.6 Presence of lipopolysaccharid from bacterial cell wall in the tissue stimulates (nonspecific stimulation)
A. APC cells to cytokines secretion B. Release of cytokines to activate leucocytes C. Stimulation and sectretion of IFN- g that activate leucocytes D. Th0 cells differentiate to Th1 cells E. All answere are correct x 10.7 Formation of pMHC I on infected cell A. Results in BCRs cross binding and signalisation to the nucleus B. CD4+ T cell secretion of IL- C. CD8+ T cell killing of infected cell x D. Naive Th1 cell secretion of cytokines E. Th0 cells differentioate to Th2 cell
10.8 Activation of B cell results in
A. Presentation of MHC I by dendritic cells B. Recognition of epitop by surface IgD and IgM C. Transmission of signal from BCR and CD4+ T cell to the nucleus x D. Isotypte switch E. Lysis of antigen by proteasomes 11.1 Production of of visible aggregates to identify blood groupes by binding IgM with apropriate A or B antigens is: A. aglutination x B. complement aktivation C. neutralisation D. opsonisation E. precipitation 11.2 C3b is able to bind on a microbe that will make it more attractive for phagocytosis. This process is A. agglutination
12.3 Which of mentioned cells need cooperation of pMHC with costimulatory 2nd signals from APC to be activated. A. anergised T cells B. B cells C. Mastocytes D. Naïve T cells x E. Natural killers 13.4 Whicb of mechanisms are/is responsible for repeated infection with influenza virus A. Neutralisation antibodies are short living B. Low stimulation of CD4+ T cells to produce memory cells C. Intracellular localisation disable stimulation of immune system D. Hypersensitivity type 1 is present only in second exposition E. Variability of viral antigens x 13.6 Molecule of acute phase of infection synthesised in liver during bacterial and viral infection is A. CRP x B. Chemokin C. Complement D. Immunoglobulin E. Interleukin 13.7 Which of mentioned isotype is consistent with mucous membrane immunity A. IgA x B. IgD C. IgE D. IgG E. IgM 13.8 Which of characteristic is consistent with mucous membrane immunity A. Rapid answer against all molecules B. Chronical inflammation producing unfavourable conditions form microbes C. IL-2 and IFN-g produce favourable environment for TH D. Secretion of IgG is more important than secretion of IgA E. Tolerance to foreign antigens is more regular than exceptional x 13.9 Even unvaccinated child can be protected against some of vaccination preventable diseases because of A. Herd immunity x B. Genetical predisposition C. Antigenic shift D. Imunity escape E. Tolerance 13.10 Herd effect is not possible
A. if more than 85 % are vaccinated B. for tetanus and rabies x C. diphtheria, pertussis, haemophilus meningitis D. measles, rubeolla, mumps E. poliomyelitis, variola – small pox 13.11 Which of mentioned type of vaccine will elicit the most protective immunity A. attenuated live virus vaccine x B. DNA vakcine C. Killed virus in vaccine D. Rekombinant vaccine E. Subunit vaccine 14.1 Patient with symptoms of sneezing, congestion in nose, respiratory problems becoming worse when he enters his house that is wet and molds are present on the walls and with skin tests for hypersensitivity positive has: A. Contact dermatitis B. DTH C. Hypersensitivity type I x D. Hypersensitivity type II E. Hypersensitivity type III. 14.2 Patient with history of PNC allergy was given the dose in PNC injection. In minutes the symptoms of hypotension, tachycardia, diffuse exanthema arised. She suffered from: A. Anaphylactic reaction x B. Anergy C. ADCC D. Ashtma E. Contact hypersensitivity 14.3 Which of mentione reaction is induced by interaction of host cell membrane with IgM or IgG antibodies A. Arthus reaction B. Serum disease C. hypersenzitivity I type D. hypersensitivity II type x E. hypersensitivity IV type 14.4 A patient with known allergy ate unconsciously the cake with peanuts that resulted in diffus exanthema, respiratory distress and diffuse lung symptoms This is typical for: A. hypersensitivity I. Type x B. arthus reaction C. serum disease D. IgG binding on extraceluluar matrix in respiratory tract mucous membrane E. IgM dependent disease from immunocomplexes 14.5 Contact dermatitis example of
D. DTH impairement E. All answers are correct|||| x 15.5 Deficiency in B cells line is presented by A. Problems in specific humoral immunity x B. Problemsin non-specific cellular immunity x C. Problems in ADCC x D. Problems with DTH E. Several possibilities are correct (if yes which) 15.6 Problems with ingestion and degradation of antigen is the deficit fo A. phagocyting cells B. NK cellsk C. T cells D. B cells E. All answers are correct 15.7 Deficiency in complement system will be presented by important impairment of A. opsonization B. bacterial lysis C. inflammation generation D. non-specific immunity E. all answers are correct x 16.1 Deficiency to inactivate and eliminate of autoreactive cells is the result of A. autoimmunity x B. positive selection C. negative selection D. tolerance E. supression 16.2 Deficiency of immune system to recognise epitop and eliminate it is A. autoimmunity B. positive selection C. negative selection D. tolerance x E. supression
- 3 Inativation and destructon of lymphocytes bearing the BCR or TCR recognising self molecules results in A. autoimmunity B. positive selection C. negative selection x D. tolerance E. supression
16.4 Molecular mimicry is resulting from reaction against self structures produced by A. cross reacting antibodies x B. loss of toleranie C. loss of negative selection D. loss of anergy of immunologicall priviledged organs E. loss of central tolerance 16.5 Central tolerance is produced A. in primary lymphoid organs in utero x B. v secondary lymphoid organs in utero C. v primary lymphoid organs after birth x D. v secondary lymphoid organs after birth E. by not existence of the 2nd signal to activate T lymphocytes after immunological synapsis is produced 16.6 Periferal tolerance is produced A. in primary lymphoid organs in utero B. in primary lymphoid organs after birth C. by regulatory inhibition of autoreactive cells D. not existence of the 2nd signal to activate T lymphocytes after formation of immunological synapsis E. C and D is correctvšetci možnosti sú správne x 16.7 Reumatoid factor is A. IgM antibody bound on Fc fragment IgG B. Diagnostical for reumatic feve C. Both are correct x 16.8 Immunologically privileged organs or tissues are A. cornea B. placenta C. lumen of tubules of testes D. brain E. all are correct x 16.9 Autoimmune disease is characterised by A. production of antibodies against self structures B. production of specific T cells against self structures x C. reactions (cellular and humoral immunity) against self structures 17.1 Transplantation success depend on A. Family relationship B. Genetical match C. imunosupresive therapy D. ABC is correct E. BC is correct x 17.2 Transplantat from the genetically identical twin is
E. Resulting from the lost of tolerance 17.8 Hyperaccute reaction to graft is characterised by A. Within minutes B. Resulting from activity of existing sensibilised T cells C. Resulting from production of new reaction to nonself antigens in graft D. Resulting from preexisting antibodies x E. Resulting from the lost of tolerance 17.9 Host versus graft reaction is A. Typical for reaction after transplantation of bone marrow B. Typical for reaction in second transplantation C. Characterised by rising success in direction auto, iso, allo, xeno D. Characterised by existence of memory cells E. All answers are correct x 17.10 Graft versus host reaction is F. Typical for reaction after transplantation of bone marrow x G. Typical for reaction in second transplantation H. Characterised by rising success in direction auto, iso, allo, xeno I. Characterised by existence of preformed antibodies J. All answers are correct
- Vaccination against small pox was experimentaly described by A. Edward Jenner x B. Louis Pasteur C. Ramzes I D. Ali Mao Malin E. Robert Koch
- Antigen react with antibodies A. Only in vivo B. Only in vitro C. In vivo and in vitro x
- Antibodies of acute phase of infection are a. IGD b. IgM x c. IgE d. IgA e. IgG
- Significant for infection is A. decrease in titer B. increase in titer x C. change from positivity to negativity and 4 fold increase of titer
- Detection o acute phase inflamation in serum of patient is to detect A. Specific cell immunity B. Špecific humoral immunity C. Non specific cell immunity D. Non specific humoral immunity x
- Activation of complement immediatly after the secopnd exposition to antigen is done by A. Alternative path B. Classical path x C. MBL path
- Cells of lymphoid system i. Produce immunoregulative cytokins ii. Do not influence other part of immune system iii. Do not influence specific immunity
- Bactericidal activity of serum is test of a. quantitative to detect specific immunity b. qualitative to detect specific immunity c. quantitative to detect nonspecific imunity d. qualitative to detect non specific immunity x
- Serologica reactions are reactions of F. antigen with antibody to detect specific immunity x G. antigen with antibody to detect nonspecific immunity H. antigen with complement to detect nonspecific immunity I. antigen with complement to detect specific immunity
- In vaccination against variola – small pox – the attenuated annimal virus was used to prevent human virus infection (antigenic similarity and cross reacting immunity). Similar principle is used in vaccination against A. tuberculosis B. tetanus C. measles D. poliomyelitis E. pertussis
