Download HSDPA and HSUPA Upgrades in UMTS: Enhancing Data Rates and Efficiency and more Study notes Wireless Networking in PDF only on Docsity!
3G:3G: HSPA,HSPA, ccdmadma 2000 2000
David TipperDavid Tipper
Associate ProfessorAssociate Professor
Graduate Telecommunications
and Networking Program
University of Pittsburgh
2700 Slides 122700 Slides 12
Third Generation Standards
- ITU approved suite of four 3G standards
- EDGE ( Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution)
- TDMA standard with advanced modulation and combined timeslots
- Provides unification of NA-TDMA and GSM
- Only meets some of the 3G requirements (2.75G?)
- UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Service) also called
WCDMA (wideband CDMA)
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- Dominant standard outside of US and leading standard for 3G worldwide
- Viewed as 3G migration path for GSM/GPRS/EDGE systems
- CDMA 2000
- Also called (3X and cdma three): competes directly with W- CDMA up to 2 Mb/s
- Evolutionary path for IS-95 which is the dominant standard in the US
- TD-SCDMA : Stand alone standard developed in China
Evolution Path to 3G
2G systems2G systems 2.5G systems2.5G systems 3G systems3G systems
CDMA
2000 1x-RTT
CDMA
2000 1xEVDO
IS-
CDMA
GSM GPRS UMTS
(WCDMA)
EDGE
HIGH SPEED DOWLINK PACKET ACCESS (HSDPA)
- HSDPA ≈ 3.5G system upgrade of UMTS
- Standardised in 3GPP Release 5
- Objective is to support delay-tolerant services in low
mobility scenarios with with enhanced resource
efficiency and service quality
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efficiency and service quality
- support for background, interactive and (to some extent) streaming services
- low mobility
- enable downlink peak rates of 8-10 Mbits/s >> 3G requirements
- lower resource consumption per transferred delay-tolerant bit
HIGH SPEED DOWLINK PACKET ACCESS
- HSDPA upgrade of UMTS similar to EDGE
upgrade of GPRS
- completely backwards compatible
- no new spectrum needed
- reuse existing infrastructure and 5MHz channels
- primarily software and minor hardware upgrades
- coexistence of HSDPA- and non-HSDPA-enabled
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coexistence of HSDPA and non HSDPA enabled terminals
- coexistence of HSDPA- and non-HSDPA-enabled NODE-Bs - data flows on HS-DSCH moving from non-HSDPA-cell to HSDPA-cell are automatically switched to a supported transport channel, e.g. DCH - gradual hot-spot-based network upgrades possible
- cost-effective
HSDPA Architecture
UE NODEB^
channel quality RNC indicator
shared channel
- Upgrade UMTS downlink channels to a HS version :
- higher-order modulation: QPSK and 16- QAM
- fast link adaptation: adaptive modulation and coding
- fast channel-aware scheduling: centered at the N ode B
- fast hybrid ARQ on downlink: combines FEC and selective ARQ
- reduced TTI of 2 ms: to facilitate better tracking of channel variations
- HS channels typically transmits at relatively fixed power
HSDPA Upgrades
- Infrastructure
- NODE-B
- a new MAC sublayer (MAC-hs) is standardised and needs to be implemented in the NODE-B
- depending on the legacy NODE-B capabilities, this update may be done via remote software downloads or may possibly require hardware upgrades as well
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- RNC is largely maintains the UMTS Release ’99 functionality
- a software-only upgrade is required, e.g. to enable assignment of data flows to the HS-DSCH (~ channel switching)
- no substantial impact on the CORE network is expected
- New Mobile Terminals
- Support physical interface, higher data rates and H-ARQ
- HSDPA deployments began 2006 in Europe,
Canada, etc. Over 100 deployments
HSUPA
- High Speed Uplink Packet Access
- Similar to HSDPA – advanced coding and
modulation techniques with hybrid ARQ to improve
data rate on uplink channel in UMTS
- Now called Enhanced Uplink (EUL) (3GPP)
D t t f 73Mb 5 76Mb 11 5Mb
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- Data rates from .73Mbps – 5.76Mbps, 11.5Mbps
being tested
- Uses new Enhanced versions of Signaling and
physical channels
- Focus of UMTS now on IP in the backhaul
3GPP IP Reference Architecture
Gateway CSCF HSS (^) HLR
PSTN
gatewayPSTN Other 3GPPPLMN GGSN
Legacy (2G) mobile networks Applications & services
RNS
GGSN Internet/ IP networks
SGSN
RNC Node B (^) Node B
Radio access network
RNS
The 3GPP IP reference architecture – all traffic IP - with QoS Classes
UMTS
• UMTS is most popular 3G technology
- Upgrade path from GPRS/EDGE – primarily in
air interface to WCDMA standard
- Now called 3GSM
- WCDMA – variable power/spreading cdma
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- Provides standard benefits of cdma technology
(frequency reuse factor 1, soft handoff, etc.)
- Deployed throughout the world
- Upgrade path to HSPDA and HSUPA and all IP
in the core defined - over 62.5 million HSPA
users
cdma
- cdma
- Goal: provide 2.5G and 3G services over TIA/EIA-
systems which include IS-95a, b, cdmaone systems
- Evolutionary path
- cdma2000-1xRTT uses multiple codes on same 1.25 MHz carrier of IS-95 and slight change to the modulation to provide packet data – up to 78 Kbps (basically 2.5G standard)
- cdma2000 1x EVDO a 1 25 MHz radio carrier is dedicated to
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- cdma2000-1x-EVDO – a 1.25 MHz radio carrier is dedicated to data only (DO) more Walsh codes per carrier (256) – high data rates – 646 kbps
- Cdma 2000 1x-EV-DV – carriers supports both data and packetized voice voice, all IP backhaul network
- CDMA 2000 3x RTT called multi-carrier mode CDMA
- Extension of IS-95 – uses multiple x 1.25Mhz IS-95 channels
- On hold until market demands it.
- IS-41 or GSM MAP signalling in core
CDMA2000 1x Network
MSC
PST N A Ref (A1, A2, A5) STM overT1/T
STM over T1/T3 or AAL1 over SONET
HLR
BSC f SMS-
BTS
IS-
MS AQuarter Ref (A10, A11) IP o er Ethernet/AAL
BTS - Base Transceiver StationBSC - Base Station Controller MS - Mobile Station MSC - Mobile Switching CenterHLR - Home Location Registry SMS-SC - Short Message Service - Serving Center STM – Synchronous Transfer Mode PDSN – Packet Data Serving Node AAA – Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting Home Agent – Mobile IP Home Agent A10 – Bearer interface between BSC (PCF) and PDSN for packet data A11 – Signaling interface between BSC (PCF) and PDSN for packet data
S S Proprietary Interface SC
BTS
PDSN
Home Agent
IP Firewall (^) RouterIP
Internet
Privata Data Network
IP Router
IP over Ethernet/AAL
AAA
RADIUS over UDP/IP
AAA Server and Home Agent
• AAA server
- Authentication: PPP and mobile IP connections
- Authorization: service profile and security key
distribution and management
- Accounting: usage data for billing
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g g g
• Mobile IP Home Agent
- Track location of mobile IP subscribers when they
move from one network to another
- Receive packets on behalf of the mobile node when
node is attached to a foreign network and deliver
packets to mobile’s current point of attachment
1xEVDO -- Data Only on some
carriers
IS-
BTSIP Internet
IP BTS - IP Base Transceiver Station IP BSC - IP Base Station Controller AAA - Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting PDSN - Packet Data Serving Node Home Agent - Mobile IP Home Agent
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IS-
IP BTS
IP BSC (^) IP Router
PDSN Home Agent
FirewallIP IP Router
Privata Data Network
AAA
RADIUS over UDP/IP
1XEVDV -- IP Data and Voice
Packet switched voice
P ST N P r o x yS IP SIP
SIP
SG W
SS
MGCF (Softswitch)
SCTP/IP
H.248 (Maybe MGCP)
M GW
Circuit switched voice
IS-
IP BTS
Nextgen MSC?
PDSN + Router
A A A (^) H o m e A g e n t
Internet IP Firewall (^) RouterIP
Privata Data Network
SIP Proxy – Session InitiationProtocol Proxy Server MGCF – Media Gateway ControlFunction SGW – Signaling Gateway (SS7) MGW – Media Gateway (Voice)
IS-
IP BTS
IP BSC
Multicarrier CDMA (CDMA2000 – 3x)
- Deployed in the same frequency spectrum as IS-
- 144 Kbps – 384 Kbps high-mobility access
- 2048 Kbps limited coverage
- Uplink: Single wideband carrier with chip rate 3.6864 Mcps
- Downlink: Multiple (up to 12) narrow band carriers (1.2288 Mcps)
- Same architecture at cdma2000 1XEVDV – requires base station and MS equipment changes
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q p g
Downlink
Uplink
3.75 MHz
N x 1.25 MHz
CDMA2000 Parameters
Channel bandwidth 1.25, N x 1.25 MHz, UL = 3.75 MHz
Channel structure Direct spread spectrum or multicarrier
spread spectrum
Chip rate 3.6864 Mcps for direct spread
n x 1.2288 Mcps (n = 1, 3, 6, 9, 12) for
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n x 1.2288 Mcps (n 1, 3, 6, 9, 12) for
multicarrier
Frame length 20ms for data and control, 5 ms for
control information on the fundamental
and dedicated control channel
Handover Soft handover and interfrequency
handover
3GPP2 IP Architecture Model
HLR
Internet/ IP networks
PSTN SS
VLR (^) VisitedAAA
HomeAAA
The 3GPP2 IP architecture model supporting mobile IP
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gateway
SDU
IP-based Radio access network
PCF
PDSN (FA)
SDU
HA
Legacy (2G ) networks gateway
Wireless Access Provider Network
Managed IP network
