Review for exam I Bio 246
Use this guide to test your knowledge and not
as the only information that you need to study.
First study and then try to answer the
questions on that section. NO HISTORY ON
EXAM 1
1. What are the 4 major macromolecules?
2. What are monosaccharides, polysaccharides, simple lipids, and complex lipids?
Phospholipids, proteins, DNA, RNA? You should always know the
macromolecules throughout the class.
3. What are capsules? What are virulence factors? Name a few virulence factors of
bacteria.
4. List 8 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
5. List 8 differences between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative
bacteria.
6. What is a bacterial cell wall? What is the composition of peptidoglycan? What are
flagella, pili, and fimbriae? What is their function?
7. What is an outer membrane of gram-negative cells? What is a lipoplysaccharide
layer?
8. What is an endotoxin? What’s another name for endotoxin? What happens when
it is released in the bloodstream?
9. What are organelles? Name a few and know their functions.
10. What are plasmids?
11. What are endospores? Name 2 genera that produce them.
12. What are differences between ribosomes of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
13. How are organisms classified in taxonomy?
14. What are the five kingdoms? Name organisms that belong to these kingdoms.
15. What are Woese’s domains?
16. What are the differences between Archaea and Bacteria domains? Name the
Archae groups.
17. What are the groups of microorganisms?
18. What are viruses? Where are they classified?
19. What are fungi?
20. What is a thermophile, mesophile, psychrophile, halophile, and acidophile?
21. Why is oxygen toxic?
22. What are the differences between strict aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and strict
anaerobes?
23. What are the enzymes that destroy toxic byproducts of oxygen metabolism?
24. What is generation time?
