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TNCC 9th Edition TNP
What does the J stand for at the end of the secondary survery? - just keep evaluating - vipp What does VIPP stand for? - vital signs, injuries/interventions, primary survey, pain During the head-to-toe, where would you find Grey-Turner's sign? - flank During the head-to-toe, where would you find Cullen's sign? - umbilicus What is sometimes deferred at the end of the head-to-toe? - inspecting posterior Antibiotics, consults, head CT, imaging, law enforcement, mandatory reporting, psychosocial support, social services, splinting, tetanus, and wound care are all interventions that you do AFTER and before WHAT? - AFTER head-to-toe, BEFORE J (VIPP) What three items are obtained during the pertinent history assessment? - Medical records, prehospital report, SAMPLE What are examples of nonpharmacologic measures? (must identify at least one during testing) - Distraction, family presence, padding bony prominences, repositioning, splinting, verbal reassurance For whom is capnography highly recommended? - all patients
In step M of "Get Adjuncts", what else might be indicated besides cardiac monitor? - EKG In Step 16 of "Exposure and Environment", you must name at least one of these interventions: - blankets, room temp increase, warmed fluids, warming lights At what point PRIOR TO the head-to-toe is the patient inspected for obvious injuries? - In Step 15 of "Exposure and Environment" In Step 13 of "Disability", what is assessed if pt is altered? - glucose To assess circulation, you must do these two main tasks: -
- inspect AND palpate skin color, temp, moisture and 2. palpate a pulse What do you do when alterations are identified in any of the steps in the primary survery? - intervene as appropriate and reassess What three assessments must be done if the patient is intubated? -
- attach CO2 detector and assess for evidence of exhaled CO2; 2. observe for rise and fall of the chest w/ assisted ventilations; 3. auscultate over epigastrium for gurgling AND lungs for bilateral breath sounds Four of these must be identified to assess breathing effectiveness: - Breath sounds, depth/pattern/rate, spontaneous breathing, subcutaneous emphysema, increased work of breathing, symmetrical chest rise and fall, tracheal deviation/JVD, open wounds/deformities, skin color What can be applied in step 12 of "Circulation and Control of Hemorrhage" for which credit is given in the LMNOP section? - cardiac monitor When should 2 IV sites be established? -
An older adult presents to the emergency department with complaints of dizziness, headache, and nausea. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle collision 10 days ago. There was no loss of consciousness and a hematoma is noted to the forehead. The patient is currently on anticoagulant therapy. What is most likely the cause of their symptoms? A.Intracerebral hemorrhage B.Epidural hematoma C.Diffuse axonal injury D.Post-concussive syndrome - post-concussive syndrome A patient with a lower extremity fracture complains of severe pain and tightness in his calf, minimally relieved by pain medications. Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention? A.Elevating the leg above the level of the heart B.Repositioning the leg and applying ice C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart D.Preparing the patient for ultrasound of the leg - C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart A patient involved in a high-speed rollover is complaining of increased difficulty breathing. There is a small penetrating wound to the sixth intercostal space in the left lateral chest. Which finding is most consistent with an injury to the diaphragm? A.Severe left-sided abdominal pain B.Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest C.Pain radiating to the left shoulder. D.Decreased breath sounds on the left side - Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest A patient has been in the emergency department for several hours waiting to be admitted. They sustained multiple rib fractures and a femur fracture after a fall. The patient has been awake, alert, and complaining of leg pain. Their spouse reported that the patient suddenly became anxious and
confused. Upon reassessment, the patient is restless, with respiratory distress and petechiae to his neck. The patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms most commonly associated with which of the following co - fat embolism Three adults present at different times during a one-hour period with a high fever, fatigue, and headache. All three patients have a rash which started on their mouth, face, and arms with progression to the chest and abdomen. They all visited the same grocery store within the last week. What is the most appropriate intervention from triage for these patients? A.Move them to a decontamination area B.Mask the patients and send them to the waiting room C.Immediately initiate isolation precautions - Immediately initiate isolation precautions A 35-year-old male presents with facial trauma after being struck in the face with a baseball. A teardrop-shaped left pupil is noted on exam. What type of injury is suspected? A.Oculomotor nerve palsy B.Globe rupture C.Retrobulbar hematoma D.Retinal detachment - Globe rupture A patient has been diagnosed with an incomplete spinal cord injury at L1. Which finding would indicate sacral sparing? A.Involuntary flexion of the great toe B.Priapism C.Voluntary anal sphincter tone D.Numbness to the perianal area - Voluntary anal sphincter tone
Which of the following situations could cause functional grief? A.Inability to live at home B.Amputation of a limb C.Loss of one's self-image D.Destruction of the patient's car - B.Amputation of a limb Using the American College of Surgeons screening guidelines, what assessment finding would prompt the nurse to prepare a patient for cervical spine imaging? A.Alert with no neurologic deficits B.Multiple abrasions to the extremities C.Ecchymosis to the flank D.Responds to verbal stimulation - A.Alert with no neurologic deficits An adult was thrown against a concrete wall during a factory explosion and sustained a femur fracture, liver laceration, and a small subdural hematoma. These injuries most likely occurred during what level of blast trauma? A.Primary B.Secondary C.Tertiary D.Quaternary - C.Tertiary An adult patient was brought to the emergency department following a motorcycle crash. On arrival, the patient is only responsive to pain, has bleeding from the nose, and multiple abrasions and contusions to the face. What is the priority intervention? A.Use a bulb syringe to suction out secretions from the mouth. B.Insert a nasopharyngeal airway to maintain an open airway.
C.Use a jaw thrust to open the airway and look for signs of obstruction. D.Ask the patient to open their mouth to inspect - C.Use a jaw thrust to open the airway and look for signs of obstruction. An adult pedestrian was struck on the right side by a sport utility vehicle traveling at 40 mph. The patient is awake and alert and the right leg is shortened. Following initial resuscitation with fluids, the patient remains hypotensive. What would be the priority intervention? A.Send blood for type and crossmatch B.Apply a pelvic binder C.Prepare the patient for surgery D.Insert a urinary catheter - Apply a pelvic binder A severely injured patient has been intubated and is being mechanically ventilated. The patient has received a balanced resuscitation including multiple blood products. Under which circumstance will it be harder for the hemoglobin to release oxygen to the tissues? A.Decreased pH B.Elevated carbon dioxide level C.Decreased body temperature D.Increased metabolic demand - C.Decreased body temperature A patient is thrown against a car during a tornado and presents with obvious bilateral femur fractures. The patient is pale, alert, disoriented, and has delayed capillary refill. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for this patient based on the disaster triage principles? A.Initiate two large-caliber intravenous lines for isotonic crystalloid administration. B.Administer intravenous medications for pain. C.Place the patient in an observation area for care within the n - Initiate two large-caliber intravenous lines for isotonic crystalloid administration.
A.Reflex hypotension B.Increased respiratory effort C.Reflex tachycardia D.Widening pulse pressure - D.Widening pulse pressure An unconscious patient arrives following a motor vehicle collision. The patient is on a backboard with a cervical collar in place and one intravenous line running. Respirations are shallow and there is active brisk bleeding from a large leg wound. What is the priority intervention for this patient? A.Check for a patent airway B.Control the bleeding C.Start a second intravenous line D.Ventilate with a bag-mask device - B.Control the bleeding An obese trauma patient requires intubation. Assuming there are no contraindications, which position will provide the best visualization for insertion of the endotracheal tube? A.Reverse Trendelenburg B.Lying on side C.Ramped D.Supine - C.Ramped Your patient is a pedestrian struck by a car and thrown 35 feet. They were unconscious at the scene but became responsive with initial and subsequent Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 13 (E-3, V-4, M-6). The patient has bilateral subdural hematomas and is awaiting transfer to the ICU. Your next assessment reveals a GCS of 9 (E-2, V-2, M-5). What is the priority nursing intervention? A.Hold all pain medications B.Notify the provider of the change
C.Repeat the GCS in 30 minutes D.Place the patie - B.Notify the provider of the change A patient arrives following prolonged exposure of their left hand to the cold. The patient is awake and alert and complains of a tingling sensation to the fingers. Assessment reveals swelling and bright red skin to the left hand and a 1-inch round clear blister to the dorsum of that hand. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate for this patient? A.Massage the injured areas to promote circulation B.Drain and debride the blister on the hand C.Immerse in water between 37.5 - D.Gently rewarm over 15 to 30 minutes A nurse verbalizes guilt and remorse after caring for multiple severely injured patients during a staffing crisis. The nurse expresses anger stating that the patients did not receive quality care and begins exhibiting aggression toward colleagues. This is most consistent with which condition? A.Compassion fatigue B.Vicarious trauma C.Secondary traumatic stress D.Moral injury - D.Moral injury What is the rationale for obtaining a serum lactate level during the initial assessment of a trauma patient? A.Measures oxygenation and ventilation B.Assesses the degree of alkalosis and base deficit C.Gauges end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia D.Determines the underlying cause of shock - C.Gauges end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia
A.Report your suspicion of maltreatment in accordance with local regulations B.Apply ice to the bruises and provide wound care C.Engage in therapeutic communicati - A.Report your suspicion of maltreatment in accordance with local regulations A patient arrives with a large metal rod embedded in their left thigh and no active bleeding. Which intervention is most appropriate for this patient? A.Remove the rod immediately to facilitate cleansing. B.Apply a tourniquet to the leg above the metal rod. C.Hold antibiotics until after the rod is removed. D.Prepare the patient for surgery to remove the rod. - D.Prepare the patient for surgery to remove the rod. When should the definitive calculation for intravenous fluid resuscitation rate be performed for a patient with burns? A.As soon as the patient arrives B.During the secondary survey C.Should only be done at a burn center D.During the primary survey - B.During the secondary surveyt Which of the following is true about use of the focused assessment sonography for trauma exam for a patient with abdominal trauma? A.It has a higher sensitivity than diagnostic peritoneal lavage for fluid detection B.It can be used in hypotensive patients too unstable for computed tomography scan C.It can detect as little as 30 mL of fluid in the abdominal cavity D.It has high sensitivity in pediatric patients for identifying fluid in the peritoneum - B.It can be used in hypotensive patients too unstable for computed tomography scan
What is the priority intervention for a child who has been diagnosed with an atlanto-occipital dislocation following a high-speed motor vehicle collision? A.Initiating a second large caliber intravenous line B.Maintaining spinal motion restriction C.Placing the patient on pulse oximetry D.Turning the patient to remove the backboard - B.Maintaining spinal motion restriction What position optimizes ventilation in the obese patient with a lumbar fracture? A.Reverse Trendelenburg B.Supine C.Prone D.Fowler's - A.Reverse Trendelenburg During the primary survey of an unconscious patient with multi-system trauma, the nurse notes snoring respirations. Which priority nursing intervention should be performed next? A.Open the airway with the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver B.Auscultate bilateral breath sounds C.Assist respirations using a bag-mask device D.Insert an oropharyngeal airway if there is no gag reflex - D.Insert an oropharyngeal airway if there is no gag reflex A trauma patient is being held in the emergency department because there are no available inpatient beds. The patient sustained a femur fracture and required multiple blood products. The patient now has blood oozing from abrasions, IV sites, the nose, and gums. What condition is most consistent with these findings? A.Rhabdomyolysis B.Fat embolism
A.Distension of the bladder B.Incontinence of stool C.Increasing work of breathing D.Inability to move the legs - C.Increasing work of breathing While caring for a child who has been injured, what nursing intervention is consistent with a family- center approach? A.Identifying a single family member to speak with B.Having the family make all the care decisions C.Allowing family to participate in the care of the patient D.Limiting dissemination of complex information - C.Allowing family to participate in the care of the patient A patient is brought to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath following a high-speed motor vehicle collision in which they were the unrestrained driver. There is crepitus to the left chest with clear and equal breath sounds. The vital signs are BP 80/40 mmHg, HR 140 beats/minute, and RR 40 breaths/minute. Cardiac monitor shows sinus tachycardia with premature ventricular contractions. These findings are most consistent with which type of shock? A.Cardiogenic B.Neuroge - A.Cardiogenic A trauma patient who is 30-weeks pregnant arrives at the emergency department following a motor vehicle collision. Which normal physiologic change should be considered when assessing ventilatory status? A.Increased functional reserve capacity B.Increased oxygen consumption C.Decreased minute ventilation
D.Slower desaturation rates with apnea - B.Increased oxygen consumption A patient who sustained severe injuries was brought to the emergency department following a high- speed motor vehicle collision. Interventions for hypovolemic shock have been initiated. What component of the trauma triad of death is most likely to have begun at the time of injury? A.Acidosis B.Hypothermia C.Hypocalcemia D.Coagulopathy - D.Coagulopathy An adult patient involved in a motor vehicle collision is brought to the emergency department of a rural critical access facility. They complain of neck pain, shortness of breath, and diffuse abdominal pain. The Glasgow Coma Score is 15. Vital signs are: BP 98/71 mm Hg, HR 125 beats/minute, RR 26 breaths/minute, and SpO2 94% on high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask. Which of the following is the priority intervention for this patient? A.Expedite transport to the CT scanner B.Prepare the pati - C.Expedite transfer to the closest trauma center A patient who weighs 120 kg is brought to the emergency department after sustaining partial thickness burns to both upper extremities and chest with a total body surface area burned of 27%. How much intravenous fluid should be administered in the first 8 hours? A.1620 mL B.2160 mL C.3240 mL D.6480 mL - C.3240 mL
