Transes for Human Ethics, Lecture notes of Ethics

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ETHICS (ETIC111)

WEEK 2

Ethics is a branch of philosophy

that specifies the nature of

duties that people owe

themselves and one another. It

describes what is good for the

individual and society.

A. Normative Ethics ▪ The largest branch, it deals with how individuals can figure out the correct moral action that they should take. ▪ It includes the formulation of moral rules that have direct implications for what human actions, institutions, and ways of life should be like. ▪ Philosophers such as Socrates and John Stuart Mill are included in this branch of ethics.

B. Meta-Ethics ▪ This branch seeks to understand the nature of ethical properties and judgments such as if truth values can be found and the theory behind moral principles. ▪ It refers to the nature of ethical terms and concepts and to the attempt to understand the underlying assumptions behind moral theories; therefore, it is the branch of ethics that seeks to understand the nature of ethical properties, statements, attitudes, and judgments.

D. Moral Ethics ▪ This branch questions how individuals develop their morality, why certain aspects of morality differ between cultures and why certain aspects of morality are generally universal.

E. Descriptive Ethics ▪ This branch is more scientific in its approach and focuses on how human beings actually operate in the real world, rather than attempt to theorize about how they should operate. ▪ It is the empirical (observational) study of the moral beliefs and practices of different peoples and cultures in various places and times ▪ Descriptive Ethics is also known as Comparative Ethics

Many people uses the term ethics and morality interchangeably.

Morality

It is good to initiate to

give help to others in

the midst of

pandemic.

“Giving to the Needy”

Ethical

We , as a community,

should help each

other in the midst of

pandemic

Morality

 A person’s idea of morals tends to be shaped

by their environment.

 They often provide the guiding ideas behind

ethical systems.

 A moral person wants to do the right thing.

What is the difference

between Morality and Ethics?

Ethics

 An ethical code doesn’t have to be moral. Its just

a set of rules for people to follow.

 An ethical code has nothing to do with a set of

beliefs. It’s a set of rules drafted by groups to

ensure members stay out of trouble and act in a

way that brings credit or good to the group.

What is the difference

between Morality and Ethics?

ETHICS MORALS/MORALITY

Rules of conduct recognized in a particular group or culture. Morality is concerned with a personal compass of right and wrong. Society says it is the right thing to do. We believe in something being right or wrong. Ethics are dependent on others for definition, this tend to be consistent within a certain context, but can vary between contexts. Usually consistent, although can change if an individual’s beliefs change. Ethics are governed by professional and legal guidelines within a particular time and place. Morality transcends cultural norms. Objective Subjective

ETHICS (ETIC111)