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Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
What affect does quality early care have on children? - correct answer ✅academic benefits lasting into high school What age group is considered early childhood? - correct answer ✅birth to 8 years old Age appropriateness - correct answer ✅considering what is typical for a child within a given age group Individual appropriateness - correct answer ✅considering the needs of each child as a unique individual Social/Cultural appropriateness - correct answer ✅considering the social and cultural contexts in which children grow and live Intentionality - correct answer ✅having clearly defined goals for children and thoughtfully prepared environments, experiences and activities to meet those goals Three critical challenges impacting early childhood practices are:
- correct answer ✅-Addressing differences in school success and achievement -Integrating and aligning preschool and elementary school programming -Improving teacher preparation, professional development and ongoing support
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
Structural indicators - correct answer ✅are things that are "regulable," meaning they can be monitored and are important for providing consistent care. EX: Licensure Lower ratios Smaller group size Caregiver qualifications Professional development for staff Health and safety regulations Inclusive environment Process indicators - correct answer ✅are what programs "do" to help promote development through specific activities and intentional practices. Process indicators are observable interactions. EX: Curriculum and established routines Language and reasoning activities Sensitive, responsive interactions Collaboration and provisions for parents and families Parent, teacher, and child interactions Child-sized furnishings
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
High Quality Child Care - correct answer ✅A safe, nurturing environment where children learn and grow, staff are properly trained and supported. Parents have access to the program at all times. Program is well organized to promote optimal skill development. Motivational theories - correct answer ✅focus on the belief that humans are controlled by many factors. They place more emphasis on personal motivation and desires. Based on these theories, you might consider what motivates children to act the way they do. Social development theories - correct answer ✅focus on emotional and personality development. Each stage of development lays foundational patterns that influence a person's ability to resolve conflict throughout life. Intellectual/Cognitive development theories - correct answer ✅focus on children developing an intellectual understanding of their world. Children interact with materials and people in the environment to construct knowledge. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - correct answer ✅This theory suggests children move through stages as certain needs are met. If basic needs are not met, children do not progress in development. Physical (Basic) Needs
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
Safety and Security (Comfort) Belongingness and Love (Social) Self-Esteem Self-Actualization (People cannot become everything they are capable of becoming until all needs are met.) Erik Erikson - correct answer ✅8 Stages of Social Development Erik Eriksons Theory - correct answer ✅Erikson's theory explores what a person learns when development proceeds successfully throughout life, from birth to old age. This theory suggests the way adults interact with children in the initial stages determines how the children will develop, because each stage is built upon the previous stage. Erik Erikson's 8 Stages - correct answer ✅Trust vs. Mistrust (birth to 1 year) - "I am all right." Autonomy vs. Doubt/Shame (1 to 3 years) - "I can make choices." Initiative vs. Guilt (4 to 5 years) - "I can do and I can make." Industry vs. Inferiority (6 to 12 years) - "I can join with others in doing and making things." Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence) - "I can be to others what I am to myself." Intimacy vs. Isolation (later adolescence) - "I can risk offering myself to another."
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
Formal Operations (11 years and beyond) - The final stage of cognitive development, in which thinking becomes very abstract. Children think beyond the present and think about ideal situations. Vygotsky - correct answer ✅children create knowledge by interacting with their environment AND through social interactions, their culture and the use of language. Two developmental levels of ability: The ability to do something with help or assistance The ability to do something without help or assistance The distance between these two levels is called the "Zone of Proximal Development." Structure of a Neuron - correct answer ✅Neuron - specialized nerve cells that make up the central nervous system. Axon - Each neuron has one axon. An axon is a fiber that sends messages "away" to other neurons. Dendrites - Each neuron has many dendrites. Dendrites accept incoming messages from the axons.
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
How many neurons are in a brain at birth? - correct answer ✅already nearly 100 billion neurons in the child's brain Physical Development - correct answer ✅Physical development refers to the development of large and small muscles as they gradually develop. It involves typical growth patterns, changes in weight and height, and general health and safety. Art Progression - correct answer ✅Children will typically progress from drawing free radicals into drawing basic shapes, such as circles, squares, rectangles, and triangles, then eventually drawing representations of people, places and ideas. By the age of three, children should begin to draw their first representations of the human form using basic shapes. free radical - correct answer ✅is a jumble of straight or curved lines that is freely floating on the paper. Writing Progression - correct answer ✅Writing begins to emerge as random scribbling and progresses to invented spelling in the kindergarten years. With enough opportunities to practice scribbling and writing, and with enough encouragement and enthusiasm from caregivers, children learn to write with increasing effectiveness and also understand the importance of written communication.
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
-printed words that are meaningful and at a level where children can easily see them. -Children's art and writing samples should be displayed around the classroom at the children's eye level. Interactive Learning Centers - correct answer ✅-Dramatic Play/Home Living: kitchen furniture, mirrors, dress-up clothes, baby dolls, tables/chairs -Library: books, cozy area/ listening center, rugs, puppets, soft pillows/furniture, natural lighting -Discovery/Sensory/Science: items found in nature (pine cones, shells, rocks), water/sand table, sensory items (shakers, smelling jars) -Blocks/Construction: wooden/plastic/cardboard blocks, trucks/cars, doll house -Art/Creative Expression: paper, paints, pencils, markers, pens, collage materials, brushes, easels -Music/Movement: records, tapes, CDs, musical instruments -Manipulatives: pop beads, stack/nesting toys, puzzles -Wood Working: tools, Styrofoam, glue, toy hammer/nails -Feeding Area: tables/chairs, utensils, garbage can, sinks -Sleeping Area: individual cots, blankets, transitional objects, sheets, soothing music, dim lights -Writing Center: pencils, crayons, markers, dry-erase board, paper, sticky notes, erasers, stamps -Parent Communication Board
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
Room Arrangement - correct answer ✅-Exits clearly marked -Remove clutter and eliminate blind spots -clear pathways that allow for smooth traffic flow in and out of each area -Keep toys and supplies on low, open shelves with picture and word labels that are appropriate for the children's age and abilities -Traffic patterns should be set up to avoid large open run-ways, yet should not be so divided up they are hard to move around in. Good room arrangements foster positive relationships and interactions by creating a homelike atmosphere that is inviting and culturally representative. Room Arrangement Tips - correct answer ✅Easy movement between centers is encouraged when like centers are placed near each other. Messy play areas, such as art, sand and water, should be placed near each other and should be convenient to a water source to facilitate setup and cleanup. Quiet, clean areas, such as books, manipulatives and computers, should be physically placed away from the messy areas. Recycling and Resources - correct answer ✅There is a list of resources for you to use when trying to find free or low-cost items for your classroom. These resources include: carpet companies that have free carpet square samples; canvas/awning makers, who often have heavy scrap material; dress shops that have
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
The following ideas will help you ease chaos during transition times: - correct answer ✅-Encourage children to clean up after play so you can supervise rather than clean -Plan your daily schedule so there are as few transitions as possible -Have materials ready so one activity can end and another can begin without having the children wait -Use methods like music or a movement activity to hold children's attention during the transition -Offer choices to the children. For example, "You can sit at the table until we finish or you can listen to the story." -Help children become familiar with the routine, so they know what to expect -Give children a warning just before the transition to help them prepare and get ready for what is coming next Scaffolding - correct answer ✅assistance a teacher or more skilled peer provides Three components of Developmentally Appropriate Practice: - correct answer ✅age appropriateness, individual appropriateness, social/cultural appropriateness Prohibited disciplinary practices - correct answer ✅severe, humiliating, frightening, or associated with food, rest, or toileting or
Developmentally Appropriate
Practices latest study guide
spanking or any other form of physical punishment Three critical challenges - correct answer ✅-reduce the achievement gap -align and integrate learning experiences from birth to age 8 -teachers are often inadequately prepared and minimally supported Developmentally Appropriate Practice - correct answer ✅is a concept developed by the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). DAP focuses on children birth through 8 years old and is made up of three principle components: age appropriateness, individual appropriateness and social/cultural appropriateness. DAP helps teachers improve the effectiveness of their work with children because they make decisions based on what they know about children. Teachers who are grounded in Developmentally Appropriate Practice are able to make critical decisions when selecting materials, supporting interactions, implementing curriculum and adjusting instruction.
