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Understanding the Human Microbiome, Exams of Anatomy

Daystar UniversityAnatomy

A comprehensive overview of the human microbiome, including its composition, distribution, and importance. It covers key topics such as the number of organisms in the microbiome, the variation in microbial communities across different body locations and individuals, the role of the microbiome in health and disease, and the structures and characteristics of different types of microbes. The document also addresses the impact of factors like birth mode, breastfeeding, and antibiotic use on the development and balance of the microbiome. With detailed explanations and a question-and-answer format, this resource offers valuable insights into the complex and dynamic ecosystem that exists within the human body.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 10/16/2024

wil-mug
wil-mug 🇰🇪

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UNDERSTANDINNG ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY HUMAN MICROBIOME / (
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ) RATED A+/
GUARANTEED PASS
The Human Microbiome - ANSWER An organized system of microbes exists within every healthy adult.
A Microbiome consists of how many organisms? - ANSWER Consists of over 100 trillion organisms.
Microbial communities vary across which locations of the body? - ANSWER Mouth, nasal passages, skin,
stool, woman's vaginas.
Microbial Communities also vary among what? - ANSWER Individuals
Microbial Genes has how many genes? - ANSWER 8,000,000
Human genes aka Human genome has how many genes? - ANSWER 22,000
The first step in building a microbiome begins when? - ANSWER When a newborn passes through the
birth canal and is coated with bacteria
During pregnancy the ______________ community in the mother's vagina changes to prepare for child
birth? - ANSWER Bacterial
__________________ contributes to child's microbiome. - ANSWER Breastfeeding
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UNDERSTANDINNG ANATOMY AND

PHYSIOLOGY HUMAN MICROBIOME / (

QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ) RATED A+/

GUARANTEED PASS

The Human Microbiome - ANSWER An organized system of microbes exists within every healthy adult. A Microbiome consists of how many organisms? - ANSWER Consists of over 100 trillion organisms. Microbial communities vary across which locations of the body? - ANSWER Mouth, nasal passages, skin, stool, woman's vaginas. Microbial Communities also vary among what? - ANSWER Individuals Microbial Genes has how many genes? - ANSWER 8,000, Human genes aka Human genome has how many genes? - ANSWER 22, The first step in building a microbiome begins when? - ANSWER When a newborn passes through the birth canal and is coated with bacteria During pregnancy the ______________ community in the mother's vagina changes to prepare for child birth? - ANSWER Bacterial __________________ contributes to child's microbiome. - ANSWER Breastfeeding

C- Section and children who take high levels ______________ have higher risk of _____________ and _____________. - ANSWER Antibiotics; Allergies; Asthma. The first step in building a microbiome occurs: - ANSWER during the birth process. What diseases are linked to Microbiome Imbalance? - ANSWER Diabetes, Heart Disease, Asthma, Multiple Sclerosis and Obesity Where is bacteria located in the cell? - ANSWER Central Region What keeps bacteria from drying out? - ANSWER Gelatinous coated capsules The cell wall is composed of - ANSWER Polysaccharide molecules called peptidoglycan What are pili? - ANSWER hair-like projections that allow bacteria to attach to cells nd surfaces. What are Plasmids? - ANSWER Small loops of DNA that allow bacteria to transmit DNA from one bacterial cell to another. Gram- positive bacteria - ANSWER Have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retains the dye. They stain purple. Gram- negative - ANSWER Have a cell wall consisting of a thin layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane; lose the dye when rinsed; appear red or pink after a counterstain is applied. Penicillin - ANSWER Work by attacking the peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall; more effective against Gram- positive bacteria. Before taking an antibiotic, what should you know? - ANSWER Wether it's Gram- pos or Gram- neg bacteria prior to starting so they can get the right one.

because of the composition of the _______________ varies between species, it is an important distinguishing factor between bacterial types. - ANSWER cell wall many species of bacteria have small, hair like projections called ______ that allow bacteria to attach to other cells and surfaces. - ANSWER pili small loops of bacterial of DNA are called _____ - ANSWER plasmids some bacterial have ____________ which aid in motility - ANSWER flagella bacterial DNA is found - ANSWER grouped in the cells central region bacterial structures that allow bacteria to trade genes are called ___________________-- - ANSWER plasmids bacteria containing a __________ are more likely to cause disease - ANSWER capsules gram positive bacteria have a ____ layer of peptidoglycan and tend to __________________ antibiotic treatment - ANSWER thick; respond to helical viruses - ANSWER rabies virus has this shape polyhedral - ANSWER consists of many triangular faces complex - ANSWER a bacteriophage has this shape interferes with a bacterium's ability to manufacture peptidoglycan - ANSWER penicillin bacteria having a rod shape - ANSWER bacilli

complex virus that attaches to the surface of a cell before injecting its nucleic acid into the target cell - ANSWER bacteriophage structure that allows bacteria to ward off white blood cells - ANSWER capsule molds and yeasts are types of - ANSWER Fungi round bacteria - ANSWER cocci frequent culprit in microbiome disruption - ANSWER antibiotic place on the body where fungal infections often begin - ANSWER skin spiral-shaped bacteria - ANSWER spirilla Bacteria lacks what? - ANSWER nucleus microorganism known to cause disease - ANSWER pathogen bacterial structure that allows bacteria to be extremely adaptable - ANSWER plasmid gram-negative bacteria stain this color - ANSWER pink