Careers and Professions: A Comparison of Stockbrokers, Nurses, and Chefs, Exercises of English Language

Download Careers and Professions: A Comparison of Stockbrokers, Nurses, and Chefs and more Exercises English Language in PDF only on Docsity! SB p. 45 – 47 ex. 1- 4, 3 – 5 Exercise 1 а A) /// B) A stockbroker works in the stock exchange or in an office. C) A medical researcher works in a laboratory. D) A grocer works in a grocery shop. E) A flight attendant works on an aeroplane, in the cabin. F) A chef works in a restaurant. G) A piano teacher works in a school, a college, a conservatory or as a private teacher in his/her home. H) An estate agent works in an office called an estate agent’s. Exercise 1 b The pictures and the title are related because they show different careers people can do in order to earn a living. Exercise 1 c Stockbroker (Stockbroker), is a licensed professional broker who buys and sells stocks, as well as other securities, through market makers or other market participants on behalf of their clients. A stockbroker can act independently, or be an employee of a brokerage firm. Transactions on the stock exchange are carried out between two of its members, and settlements pass through the clearing house of the exchange. In other words, such an operation can only be carried out through a stock broker that is a member of the exchange (for example, the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE). There are three types of services provided by stockbrokers. Execution-only - this means that the stock broker only executes clients' instructions to buy or sell. Consulting dealing, when a stock broker advises which stocks to buy and sell, but leaves the final decision to the client. Discretionary dealing is when a stock broker determines the client's investment goals and then makes all further decisions on his behalf. Functions similar to those of stockbrokers are also performed by investment and financial advisors. A stock broker can simultaneously be an investment advisor, and vice versa. Stockbrokers can also sometimes trade with their own funds on their own behalf, that is, acting as a principal, believing that the price of a stock or other financial instrument will rise or fall. In such cases, the term "broker" loses its meaning, and individuals or legal entities trading at their own expense are called dealers or simply traders. There are many other types of traders in the capital markets, for example, in the forex currency market. Exercise 2 a 1. nurse: works indoors, needs practical and theoretical nursing qualifications, has career prospects – may work up many levels to become a head nurse, poorly-paid, needs the most training, is physically and emotionally demanding, involves flexible hours and shift work. 2. stockbroker: works indoors, requires qualifications – a degree in Business/Finance/Economics to postgraduate level is usual, may offer bonuses, well-paid, may receive a commission or a bonus for the profit made on buying and selling stocks and shares, is mentally demanding and involves long hours 3. medical researcher: works indoors, needs a science/medical degree, may need a Masters or a PhD, well-paid, is mentally demanding. 4. grocer: works indoors, no formal qualifications required, could have staff discount on goods in the shop flight attendant: works indoors, requires qualifications in English, Maths and languages, has career prospects - may work their way up to rank of purser, needs training in first-aid and safety procedures, has perks and bonuses – gets cheap flights, is physically demanding due to long and unsociable hours, but the hours are also flexible 5. chef: works indoors, requires formal training and qualifications, may work up to head chef, can be well-paid, perks – free meals, is physically demanding due to long hours, and can involve shift work. 6. piano teacher: works indoors, must have teaching qualifications and a music degree, well- paid, can have flexible hours. 7. estate agent: works indoors – in an office and outdoors – showing people around houses in order to sell them, must take to professional examinations, usually has flexible hours, could be promoted to a management position, may receive a commission for every sale made or a bonus for selling a house. Exercise 2 b 1. I believe that being a nurse and helping people must be rewarding, but stressful too, coping with ill and injured people every day. 2. I think that being a stockbroker must be really stressful, but on the other hand, they enjoy a lot of perks and bonuses as well. 3. In my opinion a chef’s work is creative. Thinking up new dishes needs imagination. Some of them cook the same thing over and over again, and that could be repetitive. 4. In my opinion an estate agent’s job is quite secure. After all, people will always want to buy and sell houses. It’s quite stressful though, because they have to co-ordinate the needs of the house-buyers and the house-sellers, and people may want different things. Exercise 3 a 1. Speaker A: a flight attendant (travel, cheaper air tickets, hours changing, never in one place very long) 2. Speaker B: a nurse (kind, patient, caring, careful, helping people need) 3. Speaker C: a chef (food, creative, hygiene, what I make, hours antisocial) Exercise 3 b I work in several positions. I have wanted to help people since childhood, and I am also inspired by the idea that I am making this world a better and healthier place. It is the responsibility for people's lives, the fear of harm, that is the most difficult in my work. But with experience comes calmness. What are the difficulties of the profession, you ask? Well, are there professions without difficulties?! Of course, this is a big emotional burden. The whole operation should be collected, attentive, follow the instrument, the use of napkins and the course of the operation, understand the surgeon without words. It's hard to stand in one place, in our operating room surgical interventions last from 5-6 to 12 hours! Exercise 4. I think this is a very interesting, hard question. It taps into our underlying beliefs and ethics of how one's life trajectory should be, and about human society in general. While defining beauty is controversial, for this thread's purposes let's say that 'attractive' means you would fit our society's mainstream standards of beauty. A head-turner. And 'unattractive' doesn't have to mean 'extremely ugly'—it could be the kind of body and face that, depending on the work done, could be made attractive, though it definitely could never be 'drop-dead beautiful'. I'd choose 1. Better to struggle and succeed than be born into a world of someone else's accomplishments. I've met many unhappy, average-looking rich people, yet the beautiful people, whether poor or wealthy, always seem to believe the world is fundamentally good, you know? The world caters to them, adventures follow them around; sometimes a scary existence, but never dull. job Ob tog Paren, efits, 1S Goi, lat t elve Tbe Peo ag ati in{ eae pead the text and for questions 1-6 choose the dest answer A, B, C or D. 1 The writer feels that most parents ®D sive their childrer good career advice B do not tend to be particularly ambitiou C have realistic goals for their children. D_ have very traditional views about work What does the writer believe about her guidance counsellors? @) That they were in scme ways right That the advice they gave was wrong That they should have treated her better 9ne® That they had tried :o ruin her caree” How does the writer think the global economy has affected the employment market? A Ithas made work mare adventurous, ® Workers have to be willing to change jobs C Ithes made workers less deper dable. D_ Workers are unlikely to receive a pension The writer uses the phrase ‘aware of the pitfalls’ (lines 34-35) to show that young people A. accept that they will be made redundant @ know abcut the problems of modern jobs € don’t think they get enough training D_ feel thet modern ,obs are too flexible a What does the writer feel will happen if the education system does not change? A Young people will be discouraged from working: B Young people will receive more criticism In the uw press C Young people will be unable to fulfil tneir potential ©) Young people will not be optimistic about their future, 6 Whatis the writer's attitude to the changing job market? ® Iisa challenge that must be faced. B_ It has made too many people unemployed. C Ithas had a nagative effect on education. D {tis something that young people are afraid of. 4 @ Explain the me #™ \ocabulary Practice wy y aning of thi b, Read the t describe qu are neg c. Match thi cs Text Analysis Look at these phrases from the passage and explain the underlined parts in your own words. 5 vocabulary. (line 12) pays the bills. (lines 1 Ajob for life is not in the 2 ...a dead-end but secure job 13-14) 3 .. my guidance counsellors were horrified at my plans ... (lines 19-20) 4 The global economy is not kind to yesterday's worker. (lines 24-25) diligent 5 if they are to make a life for themselves. (line 40) 6 a bit of optimism... can serve as an antidote to the constant criticism ... (lines 52-54) 7... step into your teenager's shoes. (line 57) =>] Discussion 6 Who does the writer address in the text? What words/phrases help you determine this? 7 im In pairs, discuss the following questions. Are you sure/ansure about your career path? * Are you optimistic/pess mistic about your prospect: Why? © Doyou want to be self-employed or work as an employee? Why? 8 _ Role-play: Read the first paragraph. Then work ir groups of three to act out a dialogue between tl teenager and her parents, The teenager insists c becoming a singer, the parents are trying to ma! her change her mind, Record yourselves. 24 Makitty @ 1 Language Focus a. What do you think these people do fora livirg? b. Which job do you think would be satisfying/wvell-paid/ cha’ lenging/interesting/ repetitive/boring? Well, personally I’ find working a5 @ Aorist very satisfying. | love the idea of heing surrounded by flowers all day. In pairs, discuss which ,obs you would/would not consider doing and why. c A: I'd never aream of becoming @ deaning lady! | con't imagine doing that for a lifetime. It is exhausting work. B; | agree. | could never do that job either. Fill in: change, follow, take, step, then make sentences about yourself. take the ini » theg Last year | took the initiative and startea a Drama Society at school. cae ito b's shoes Fill in: i pi eaee ties (aan) Cea) Le 4 The lawyer was paid e huge - by the lew fire 2. Building workers rece ve thei Peer cvely. Friday 3 Cleaners are often pad eee hand for the work they ¢ 4 The __at the factory wasn’t worth thinking about! a cn ETE work rofession | trat _ occupation | 5 People work long fours in the tourist .--- 6 Being a “acing driver is a dangerous «+ r 7 The organisation's --- involves assisting those in ree 8 Apparently, he's 2 doctor by --...-++ ae ieee (eee ae Ca) pasa 9 Everyone in the typing pool works well together and there is good spirit. 19 Following an exhausting flight, the... hotel to rest fora couple of hours 44 On our holiday in Spain the hotel sss» Headed for t couldn't have bt more helpful. 42 All companies have d -.....--20-s-20 department which deals ' issues concerning staff. 43. 165 eerieem fo “employer ||_werker_ { employee | 13 As a(n) tne company has the best name market. ... at the factory was rushed to hospital fo the accident. 15 The company had financial problems, but only one .... was made redundant. 16 ie a .... had to undergo three months of work e) efore he was taken on permanently,