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Vascular ultrasound exam 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
Anatomy of Arterial wall Correct Answer-Tunica intima(blood flow Tunitca media(muscular holds together) Tunica externa(aventitia)(extends&contracts) stoke volume Correct Answer-the amount of blood entering the aorta with each ventricular contraction Windkessel effect Correct Answer-The expansion and contraction of compliant vessels. In the aorta the vessel expands and increases the volume within it, then when the pressure is reduced, the vessel is able to contract to push the remaining blood forward. No backward flow is allowed due to valves. Blood flows Correct Answer-Laminar Disturbed Turbulent Plug laminar flow Correct Answer-Parabolic Bullet Layered Normal
turbulent blood flow Correct Answer-type of blood flow resulting in audible sound; defined by chaotic flow due to variations of pressure and velocity Bernoulli's Principle Correct Answer-as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases Poiseville's Law Correct Answer-resistance to air flow (R) is proportional to diameter of a tube raised to the fourth power R=d^ Doppler angle Correct Answer-The angle between the sound beam and the flow direction 45- spectral broadening Correct Answer-the filling of the spectral window Circle of Willis Correct Answer-a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and surrounding structures What percent has circle of Willis? Correct Answer-50% How to open vessel Correct Answer-Rotating and angle
Amaurosis fugax Correct Answer-Temporary, partial or total blindness, usually in one eye. transient ischemic attack Correct Answer-*temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain
Clinical signs and symptoms of cva Correct Answer-*dysphagia *hemiparesis *Lightheaded Ranges for eca Correct Answer-77cm/sec-115cm/sec Ranges for ica Correct Answer-54-88 can/sec Ranges for cca Correct Answer-Not to exceed 125cm/sec Probe movements Correct Answer-•sliding •angling •rocking •rotating
What vessel is exam in transorbital technique? Correct Answer- Ophthalmic artery In flowing blood where is the greatest energy found? Correct Answer- What type of flow at bifurcation? Correct Answer-Disturbed What type of flow occurs with plaque? Correct Answer-Turbulent flow Color bar map Correct Answer-Red- toward Blue- away Black- no shift Color black on bar? Correct Answer-No blood flow Not alive Angle Scale too low Doppler Definition Correct Answer-change in frequency due to motion Ica 2 primary segments Correct Answer-Cervical Intracranial
High level (ver bright) assessing stenosis at post-stenotic site Correct Answer--peak systolic velocities decrease -end diastolic velocities decrease -turbulent flow is present assessing stenosis at stenotic site Correct Answer--peak systolic velocities increase -end diastolic velocities increase -spectral broadening occurs assessing stenosis at pre-stenotic site Correct Answer--proximal to stenosis -peak systolic velocities normal -may be a resistive flow pattern is diastole At what point is it significance stenosis? Correct Answer-50-60 diameter reduction Color Doppler advantages Correct Answer-easer to see areas of stenosis and find peak velocity. Improved measurement accuracy. Decreased exam time. Patterns of flow throughout vessel lumen are seen during changes in cardiac cycle. Easier vessel identification. Identify vascular from non-vascular. Flow within organs.
