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vet 124 final study guide with complete solution
1. What do you expect to see in a dog with diabetes mellitus who has polydip- sia and
polyuria in regard to the sp.gr.?: SG is often normal or high
2. Explain the proper way to prepare and to examine a urine sediment (should be
procedure done in your clinical tasks): Sample 5mL - 10mL, centrifuge 5 minutes, pour off the supernatant fluid, thump bottom of tube, put a drop of urine on slide and add cover slip, can also add stain, look over entire slide at 10x, count the casts and crystals found in 10 fields, move to 40x and count the cells found in 10 fields, add up and divide by 10
3. Allowing urine to set at room temperature for a period of time can have what effect
on crystals and on casts?: crystals may form casts may dissolve
4.Excess amount of urea in the blood is known as: Azotemia
5. Specific gravity
of 1.002 is an indication of .: Diabetes insipidus
6. is a physiologic fluid which is actively synthesized in the kidney from
materials derived from the blood.: urine
7. Specific gravity and water consumption are normally relat-
ed.: Inversely
8. Give one of the two hormones that are involved in the conservation of water::
aldosterone, ADH
9. The urine of most domestic animals (does, or does not) contain a high level of
sediment.: does not
10. In the nephron, filtration occurs between the glomerular capillary bed and
.: Bowman's capsule
11.As much as percent of the nephrons in the kidneys can be
damaged or non-functional before you see symptoms in the animal.: 75%
12.The functional unit of the kidney is the .: nephron
13. fill in the missing blanks for tracing a drop of urine:
glomerular,[1], proximal convoluted tubule, [2], distal convoluted tubule, col- lecting tubule, renal pelvis, [3], bladder, [4], Big Oak Tree: 1- Bowman's capsule, 2- loop of Henle, 3- ureter, 4- urethra
14. Capillari
a plica is the scientific name for the worm.- : bladder
15.Largest cells found in the urine: squamous epithelial cells
16.epithelial cell found in the bladder: transitional epithelial cells
17.colorless casts: Hyaline casts
18.this cast may indicate inflammation in the renal tubules: Leukocyte casts
19.Struvites: Triple Phosphate Crystals
20.crystal commonly seen in horse and rabbit urine: calcium carbonate crystals
21.six sided flat plates: cystine crystals
22.resemble coffin lids: Triple Phosphate Crystals
23.casts that indicate renal bleeding: erythrocyte casts
24.Casts seen in cats with renal disease and occasionally in dogs with dia- betes
mellitus.: Fatty casts
25.Most common casts seen in canines.: granular casts
26.cast seen in acute nephritis: granular casts
a nuclear remnant.: Howell Jolly Body
51.This cell is seen in greater numbers with lead poisoning.: Basophilic Stip- pling
52.Polychromatophils are usually this cell: reticulocytes
53.metarubricytes: nucleated erythrocytes
54.normally have nucleated RBCs: birds and reptiles
55.Heinz Bodies: may be caused by ingestion of Tylenol or onions
56.PCV reading: is affected by animal's hydration status
57.Another term for wool: fleece
58.type of roughage feed produced by fermenting chopped plant parts: silage
59.term for removing a retained placenta in a cow: cleaning a cow
60.mechanical device used to restrain cattle: chute
61.tool used to administer pills, boluses, or magnets to livestock: balling gun
62.Not lactating: dry
63.type of feed high in fiber and low in total digestible nutrients: roughage
64.appendage suspended from the head in goats, chickens, and turkeys: wat- tle
65.fine undercoat of goats: cashmere
66.call of a male llama or alpaca: orgle
67.fistula on the poll that does not heal easily: poll evil
68.restraint method using ropes to place animals in lateral recumbency: cast- ing
69.unit used to measure height of an equine at the withers: hand
70.fast four-beat gait in which the feetstrike the ground separately: gallop
71.festering of the foot along the border of the coronet: quittor
72.distance between successive imprints of the same foot: stride
73.part of a harness that includes the bit, reins, and headstall: bridle
74.Leukemia literally means .: white blood
75.What might you expect to see in the blood sample taken from a
stressed-out cat?: Neutrophilia, Monocytosis, Eosinopenia
76.Hyposegmentation: fewer than 3 lobes of nucleus
77.Ehrlichia canis: rickettsial inclusion in WBCs
78.Ehrlichia platy: rickettsial inclusion in platelets
79.Chediak-Higashi Syndrome: photophobic Persian cats
80.Cyclic Hematopoiesis: Gray Collie syndrome
81.Reactive cells: cells with change in appearance that funtion normally
82.Left shift: increase in hyposegmented neutrophils
83.Dohle bodies: particles seen in neutrophils during inflammatory process
84.Lymphopenia: decrease in Lymphocytes
85.Leukemia: severe increase in WBCs
86.May be seen after a vaccination: Reactive Lymphocytes
87.Hereditary condition affecting neutrophils and eosinophils to appear as band
cells: Pelger-Huet Anomaly
88.allergic reaction or altered lipid metabolism may cause this: Basophilia
89.inherited recessive trait in some felines where the neutrophils contain fine
eosinophilic to magenta granules: Birman Cat Neutrophil Granulation Anomaly
90.young bird that has recently acquired its flight feathers: fledging
91.primary wing feathers: remiges
92.body or flight feathers: contour feathers
93.caudal nares: choana
94.wishbone in birds: furcula
95.The overgrown canine tooth of the boar: tusk
transfusion on a dog the first time without doing a crossmatch.
112. Hemolysis and Agglutination: What 2 results would indicate a reaction
in crossmatched blood?
113. dusting: Chinchillas clean themselves by
114. vector: something that carries disease from one animal to another
115. ecdysis: medical term for shedding or molting
116. plastron: ventral region of a turtle shell
117. barbering: biting or chewing the fur of subordinate animals
118. List three general functions of electrolytes.: Maintenance of water balance,
fluid osmotic pressure, muscular and nervous functions, maintenance and activation of several enzyme systems, and acid-base regulation
119. List 2 functions of the 1% of Ca that is not found in the bones.: blood
clotting, transmission of nerve impulses maintenance of neuromuscular excitability and tone maintenance of activity of many enzymes facilitation of blood coagulation maintenance of inorganic ion transfer across cell membranes
120. The pancreatic enzyme that breaks down starches:: Amylase
121. Pancreatic enzyme that is normally found in the feces.: Trypsin
122. Chemical symbol for sodium.: Na
123. Vomiting and diarrhea can cause serious loss of water and
: electrolytes
124. is a deficit of both water and electrolytes in the body.-
: Dehydration
125. Thepart of the pancreas aids in digestion with enzymes.-
: exocrine
126. True or False: In most enzymatic reactions, the enzyme that started the
reaction is usually changed to a new substance.: False
127. I
f a dog has diarrhea for 10 days, this is considered diarrhea.: acute
128. True or False: Hepatocytes are capable of regeneration.: true
129. Red blood in the feces: Hematochezia
130. straining to have a bowel movement: tenesmus
131. Black feces: melena
132. difficulty having a bowel movement: dyschezia
133. fat in the feces: steatorrhea
134. starch granules in feces: amylorrhea
135. muscle fibers in feces: creatorrhea
136. fat in the blood: lipemia
137. vomiting of blood: hematemesis
138. ALT: formerly SGPT
139. AST: formerly SGOT
140. largest internal organ: liver
141. True or False: The primary source of lipase in the body is the pancreas.-
: true
142. Pancreatitis is more common in:: middle aged, obese, female dogs
143. True or False: Most of the Ca found in whole blood is found in the
rbcs.: False
144. Best sample to measure HCO3: Arterial blood
