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Data Visualization and Graphical Excellence: Techniques and Methods, Slides of Computer Fundamentals
Various aspects of data visualization, including graphical excellence, representing data in 1-d, 2-d, and 3-d, and visualizing data in 4+ dimensions. It also covers the importance of visualization in data exploration and presentation, and discusses common pitfalls to avoid. Examples include visualizations of historical data and scientific data, as well as interactive tools like parallel coordinates and chernoff faces.
Typology: Slides
2012/2013
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Visualization and
Data Mining
2
Outline
Graphical excellence and lie factor
Representing data in 1,2, and 3-D
Representing data in 4+ dimensions
Parallel coordinates
Scatterplots
Stick figures
4
Marley, 1885
© www.odt.org , from http://www.odt.org/Pictures/minard.jpg 5 , used by permission Docsity.com
7
Asia at night
8
South and North Korea at night
Seoul, South Korea
North Korea Notice how dark it is
10
Bad Visualization:
Spreadsheet
Year Sales 1999 2, 2000 2, 2001 2, 2002 2, 2003 2,
Sales
2095
2100
2105
2110
2115
2120
2125
2130
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Sales
What is wrong with this graph?
11
Bad Visualization:
Spreadsheet with misleading Y –axis
Year Sales 1999 2, 2000 2, 2001 2, 2002 2, 2003 2,
Sales
2095
2100
2105
2110
2115
2120
2125
2130
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Sales
Y-Axis scale gives WRONG impression of big change
13
Lie Factor
sizeof effect in data
sizeof effect shown in graphic
Lie Factor
8
528
833
18
( 27. 5 18. 0 )
- 6
( 5. 3 0. 6 )
= = −
−
=
Tufte requirement: 0.95<Lie Factor<1.
(E.R. Tufte, “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, 2nd edition)
14
Tufte’s Principles of
Graphical Excellence
Give the viewer
the greatest number of ideas
in the shortest time with the least ink in the smallest space.
Tell the truth about the data!
(E.R. Tufte, “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, 2nd edition)
16
1-D (Univariate) Data
Representations
7
5
3
1
0 20
Mean
low Middle 50% high
Tukey box plot
Histogram
17
2-D (Bivariate) Data
Scatter plot, …
price
mileage
19
Lie Factor=14.
(E.R. Tufte, “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information”, 2nd edition)
20
3-D image
(requires 3-D blue and red glasses)
Taken by Mars Rover Spirit, Jan 2004