CCNA/CCNP Certification Practice Questions (2025/2026), Exams of Information Technology

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WASHINGTON CCNA / CCNP Practice Questions –

Batch 1 FULL PRACTICE SET 100% VERIFIED

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1. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for reliable end-to-end delivery of data? A. Physical B. Data Link C. Network D. Transport Correct Answer: D – Transport layer provides reliable end-to-end delivery using protocols like TCP. 2. What is the default administrative distance of OSPF? A. 90 B. 110 C. 120 D. 100 Correct Answer: B – OSPF has a default administrative distance of 110, used to rate the trustworthiness of routes. 3. Which command displays the routing table on a Cisco router? A. show ip interface brief B. show running-config C. show ip route D. show version Correct Answer: C – The show ip route command displays all active routes in the router's routing table.

4. Which type of NAT allows multiple devices to share a single public IP address? A. Static NAT B. Dynamic NAT C. PAT (Port Address Translation) D. NAT Correct Answer: C – PAT maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP using different port numbers. 5. What is the purpose of a VLAN? A. Segment networks logically B. Increase the number of IP addresses C. Route traffic between networks D. Encrypt data Correct Answer: A – VLANs segment networks logically, improving security and reducing broadcast domains. 6. Which protocol is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network? A. DNS B. DHCP C. ARP D. ICMP Correct Answer: B – DHCP dynamically assigns IP addresses to devices. 7. Which routing protocol is considered a distance-vector protocol? A. OSPF B. EIGRP C. RIP D. BGP Correct Answer: C – RIP is a distance-vector protocol that uses hop count as a metric. 8. What is the purpose of a trunk port in a switch? A. Connect end devices B. Carry traffic for multiple VLANs

13. What is the maximum number of hosts in a /26 subnet? A. 64 B. 62 C. 60 D. 32 Correct Answer: B – /26 provides 64 addresses, but 2 are reserved for network and broadcast, leaving 62 usable. 14. Which type of ACL permits or denies traffic based on IP addresses and ports? A. Standard ACL B. Extended ACL C. Dynamic ACL D. Reflexive ACL Correct Answer: B – Extended ACLs filter traffic based on source/destination IP and TCP/UDP ports. 15. Which EIGRP metric components are considered by default? A. Bandwidth and delay B. Bandwidth only C. Delay only D. Reliability and load only Correct Answer: A – EIGRP uses bandwidth and delay by default for metric calculation. 16. Which command saves the running configuration to NVRAM? A. copy running-config startup-config B. write memory C. Both A and B D. show startup-config Correct Answer: C – Both commands save the current configuration to NVRAM. 17. Which Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) type converges faster? A. PVST+ B. Rapid PVST+ C. MSTP

D. STP

Correct Answer: B – Rapid PVST+ provides faster convergence compared to standard STP.

18. What is the purpose of HSRP? A. Encrypt traffic B. Provide router redundancy C. Manage VLANs D. Perform NAT Correct Answer: B – HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol) provides default gateway redundancy. 19. Which Cisco IOS command shows interface status and IP assignments? A. show ip route B. show interfaces C. show ip interface brief D. show version Correct Answer: C – show ip interface brief displays interface status and IP assignments concisely. 20. Which protocol resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses? A. DNS B. DHCP C. ARP D. ICMP Correct Answer: C – ARP maps IP addresses to MAC addresses for local delivery.

If you want, I can continue with batch 2 (21–40) immediately so you can have all 100 in five batches.

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21-

24. Which wireless security protocol is the most secure for WPA2? A. WEP B. WPA C. WPA2-AES D. WPA-TKIP Correct Answer: C – WPA2 with AES encryption is the most secure standard commonly used. 25. Which switching method examines the entire frame before forwarding it? A. Store-and-forward B. Cut-through C. Fragment-free D. Fast-forward Correct Answer: A – Store-and-forward checks the entire frame for errors before forwarding. 26. Which command sets a static IP address on a Cisco router interface? A. ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255. B. no shutdown C. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1. D. interface g0/ Correct Answer: A – The ip address command assigns a static IP and subnet mask to an interface. 27. Which protocol is used by routers to exchange routes between autonomous systems? A. RIP B. EIGRP C. BGP D. OSPF Correct Answer: C – BGP is an exterior gateway protocol used to exchange routes between ASs. 28. What is the primary function of ARP? A. Assign IP addresses

B. Resolve MAC addresses from IPs C. Encrypt packets D. Provide DHCP leases Correct Answer: B – ARP resolves the MAC address of a device using its IP address.

29. Which protocol is used to synchronize time on network devices? A. NTP B. SNMP C. FTP D. DNS Correct Answer: A – NTP (Network Time Protocol) ensures devices have accurate and synchronized clocks. 30. Which type of interface is used to connect a switch to multiple VLANs on another switch? A. Access port B. Trunk port C. Loopback interface D. EtherChannel Correct Answer: B – Trunk ports carry traffic for multiple VLANs using 802.1Q encapsulation. 31. Which command displays the MAC address table on a Cisco switch? A. show mac address-table B. show ip route C. show interfaces D. show running-config Correct Answer: A – show mac address-table displays all learned MAC addresses on switch ports. 32. What is the default administrative distance of EIGRP? A. 90 B. 100 C. 110 D. 120

B. FTP

C. SFTP

D. HTTP

Correct Answer: C – SFTP provides secure, encrypted file transfer.

38. Which type of ACL is numbered 100–199 on Cisco devices? A. Standard ACL B. Extended ACL C. Dynamic ACL D. Reflexive ACL Correct Answer: B – Extended ACLs are numbered 100–199 and can filter by IP and port. 39. What is the default subnet mask for a Class B network? A. 255.0.0. B. 255.255.0. C. 255.255.255. D. 255.255.255. Correct Answer: B – Class B networks have a default subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. 40. Which command displays both interface status and IP address in a concise form? A. show interfaces B. show running-config C. show ip interface brief D. show ip route Correct Answer: C – show ip interface brief summarizes interface status and assigned IP addresses.

If you confirm, I can continue Batch 3 (41–60) , then Batch 4 (61–80) , and finally Batch 5 (81–100).

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Perfect! I’ll provide Batches 3, 4, and 5 (41–100) in full, continuing the same format: bold questions, multiple-choice answers, and correct answer with rationale in italics.

Here’s Batch 3 (41–60):

CCNA / CCNP Practice Questions – Batch 3 (41–60)

41. Which protocol does OSPF use to discover neighbors and exchange routing information? A. ICMP B. UDP C. Hello packets (IP protocol 89) D. TCP Correct Answer: C – OSPF uses Hello packets to establish and maintain neighbor relationships. 42. Which protocol is used to resolve hostnames to IP addresses? A. DHCP B. DNS C. ARP D. ICMP Correct Answer: B – DNS translates domain names into IP addresses for communication. 43. Which Spanning Tree Protocol variant allows multiple instances per VLAN? A. PVST+ B. MSTP C. RSTP D. STP

48. Which protocol is used to remotely manage network devices using SNMP? A. SSH B. Telnet C. SNMP D. HTTP Correct Answer: C – SNMP monitors and manages network devices remotely. 49. Which type of NAT translates one private IP to one public IP permanently? A. Dynamic NAT B. Static NAT C. PAT D. NAT Correct Answer: B – Static NAT creates a one-to-one mapping between private and public IPs. 50. Which routing protocol uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm? A. OSPF B. EIGRP C. RIP D. BGP Correct Answer: C – RIP uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm for distance-vector routing. 51. Which command displays the VLAN configuration on a switch? A. show vlan brief B. show ip interface brief C. show mac address-table D. show running-config Correct Answer: A – show vlan brief displays all VLANs, their IDs, and status. 52. Which IPv6 address type is used to reach the nearest device of a group? A. Unicast B. Multicast C. Anycast D. Broadcast

Correct Answer: C – Anycast sends packets to the nearest device among a group of receivers.

53. Which command displays the running configuration of a Cisco device? A. show running-config B. show startup-config C. show version D. show ip interface brief Correct Answer: A – show running-config displays the current active configuration. 54. What is the purpose of HSRP? A. Encrypt packets B. Provide default gateway redundancy C. Combine multiple links D. Assign IP addresses Correct Answer: B – HSRP provides a virtual IP address to ensure default gateway availability. 55. Which type of interface is required for a switch to carry VLAN traffic? A. Access B. Trunk C. Loopback D. VLAN interface Correct Answer: B – Trunk interfaces carry multiple VLANs across switches. 56. Which IPv4 address is reserved for loopback testing? A. 0.0.0. B. 127.0.0. C. 192.168.1. D. 255.255.255. Correct Answer: B – 127.0.0.1 is the standard loopback address for testing. 57. Which Cisco protocol prevents routing loops in a network? A. EIGRP B. OSPF

61. Which VLAN type carries management traffic only? A. Native VLAN B. Default VLAN C. Management VLAN D. Data VLAN Correct Answer: C – Management VLANs are used exclusively for network device management. 62. Which IPv6 address type is automatically assigned to an interface on startup? A. Global unicast B. Link-local C. Anycast D. Multicast Correct Answer: B – Link-local addresses are automatically assigned to all IPv6- enabled interfaces. 63. Which routing protocol is classless, supports VLSM, and uses a metric based on hop count? A. RIPv B. RIPv C. OSPF D. EIGRP Correct Answer: B – RIPv2 is classless, supports VLSM, and uses hop count as a metric. 64. Which command configures a router interface for OSPF? A. router ospf 1 B. network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 C. Both A and B D. show ip ospf Correct Answer: C – OSPF configuration requires the router ospf process and network statement.

65. Which Layer 2 protocol can detect loops and block redundant paths? A. HSRP B. STP C. OSPF D. EIGRP Correct Answer: B – Spanning Tree Protocol prevents loops in switched networks. 66. Which wireless standard operates only at 2.4 GHz? A. 802.11a B. 802.11b/g C. 802.11ac D. 802.11ax Correct Answer: B – 802.11b and 802.11g operate at 2.4 GHz. 67. Which command configures a static default route on a router? A. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [next-hop] B. router ospf 1 C. no shutdown D. show ip route Correct Answer: A – Static default routes direct all unknown traffic to a specified next-hop. 68. Which Cisco feature allows multiple routers to appear as a single virtual router? A. VRRP B. HSRP C. EtherChannel D. STP Correct Answer: B – HSRP provides redundancy by presenting a single virtual router IP. 69. Which Layer 3 device is required to forward traffic between VLANs? A. Switch B. Router C. Hub

B. 100

C. 10

D. 0

Correct Answer: A – VLAN 1 is the default native VLAN on Cisco switches.

75. Which Layer 3 protocol allows routers to discover each other and share network topology information? A. OSPF B. STP C. ARP D. ICMP Correct Answer: A – OSPF is a link-state protocol sharing network topology. 76. Which type of ACL is used to filter traffic based only on source IP addresses? A. Standard ACL B. Extended ACL C. Dynamic ACL D. Reflexive ACL Correct Answer: A – Standard ACLs filter traffic based solely on source IP. 77. Which command enables SSH on a Cisco device? A. transport input ssh B. enable ssh C. line vty 0 4 D. Both A and C Correct Answer: D – SSH is enabled on VTY lines using transport input ssh. 78. Which protocol translates IP addresses to MAC addresses? A. DNS B. DHCP C. ARP D. ICMP Correct Answer: C – ARP resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses.

79. Which Cisco feature combines multiple links to form a single logical link for redundancy? A. EtherChannel B. HSRP C. STP D. VTP Correct Answer: A – EtherChannel aggregates multiple links for higher bandwidth and redundancy. 80. Which IPv6 address type is used to communicate with all nodes on the local network segment? A. Unicast B. Multicast C. Link-local all-nodes D. Anycast Correct Answer: C – The link-local all-nodes address (FF02::1) reaches all nodes on the segment.

Finally, here’s Batch 5 (81–100):

CCNA / CCNP Practice Questions – Batch 5 (81–100)

81. Which command shows both Layer 2 and Layer 3 information on a switch? A. show running-config B. show ip interface brief C. show interfaces D. show version Correct Answer: C – show interfaces provides detailed L2 and L3 interface information. 82. Which protocol automatically assigns IP addresses to hosts? A. DNS B. DHCP