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1. Multiple choice questions: (@ Based on the information given below, classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water Ssearcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’. (a) Region with high annual rainfall (6) Region haying high annual rainfall and large population (c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted (@) Region haying low rainfall and low population Ans. (a) Not suffering from water scarcity (6) Not suffering from water scarcity (c) Suffering from water scarcity (d@) Suffering from water scarcity (ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in fayour of multi-purpose river projects? (a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity. (6) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods. (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large- scale displacements and loss of livelihood, (2) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes. Ans. (c) (ii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly. (a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources. Ans. Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have not only added to water and energy requirements, but have further aggravated the problem. (6) Regulating and damming of rivers do not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow. Ans. Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow. (oe) InGujarat, theSabarmatibasin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts. ‘Ans. In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts. (d@) Today, in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal. Ans. Today in western Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline as plenty of water is available due to the perennial Indira Gandhi Canal. 2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words. @, Explain how water becomes a renewable \- resource. Ans. Water has become a renewable resource through the hydrological cycle. The fresh water is mainly obtained from the surface run offand groundwater that is being continually renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle. (i) What is water scarcity and what are its main \-— causes? Ans. Water scarcity is a situation when water is short in comparision to the minimum requirements for daily use. The main causes of water shortage are as follows. (a) Growing population and need for water for domestic purposes. (6) Expansion of agriculture; Green Revolution needs more water, (c) Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation; Industries also require power to run the machinery and most of it comes from hydroelectric power. (d) Bad quality of water; water may be polluted by industrial and domestic wastes, effluents from the industries, chemicals, fertilisers and pesticides used in agriculture. All this makes water unfit for human consumption. 
