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Infection Control Exam Study Solutions, Exams of Public Health

Virginia State University (VSU)Public Health

A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to infection control practices, particularly within a dental healthcare setting. It covers key topics such as standard precautions, hand hygiene principles, glove usage, and latex hypersensitivity. The material is designed to help dental healthcare personnel (dhcp) understand and implement effective infection control measures to protect themselves and their patients from infectious agents. It also addresses the importance of staying updated with recommendations from organizations like the cdc and osha, as well as state and local health departments. Useful for exam preparation and reinforcing best practices in clinical care.

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 10/21/2025

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week 3 pre-clinic presentation exam study
solutions
1.
What is the definition of infection control?: Refers to all procedures during
clinical care
necessary to provide top-level protection from exposure to infectious agents
2. Dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) have a
professional
obligation to serve who?: All patients with known or
unknown communicable diseases
3. Who must the DHCP regularly consult with, other than the CDC and
OSHA?: -
state and local health department
recommendations and requirements
4. What do the state and local health departments' recommendations
depend
on?:
the
community
level's
rates
of
disease
transmission
5. How many microbiota bacteria does the average adult harbor?: 50-
100 billion
6.
Some microbiota may be _ or _: Pathogenic,
nonpathogenic
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1 /

week 3 pre-clinic presentation exam study

solutions

  1. What is the definition of infection control?: Refers to all procedures during clinical care necessary to provide top-level protection from exposure to infectious agents
  2. Dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) have a professional obligation to serve who?: All patients with known or unknown communicable diseases
  3. Who must the DHCP regularly consult with, other than the CDC and OSHA?: - state and local health department recommendations and requirements
  4. What do the state and local health departments' recommendations depend on?: the community level's rates of disease transmission
  5. How many microbiota bacteria does the average adult harbor?: 50- 100 billion
  6. Some microbiota may be _ or _: Pathogenic, nonpathogenic

2 /

  1. What in the oral cavity may provide some protection against infection?: Intact mucous membranes
  2. Patients may be carriers of what?: Certain diseases
  3. What is the definition of cross-contamination?: when microorganisms are spread from a person to person, a person to inanimate object then to another person
  4. Cross-contamination is the basis for what?: disinfection, sterilization, and barrier techniques
  5. What are some options of inappropriate infection control?: -Poor or lack of proper hand hygiene -Inadequate sterilization or handling of sterile instruments and materials -Inadequate PPE
  6. What is the most common way of spreading disease? (direct or indirect): Con- tact transmission
  7. What is the purpose of standard precautions (formally "universal"): Utilized for everyone and means the body fluids of all patients are treated as if

4 /

  1. What is written for standard precautions?: Exposure control plan
  2. What does the DHCP need to maintain asepsis and prevent cross-contami- nation?: Consistency
  3. What should be revised and based on new research and products?: Protocol
  4. What should be regularly reviewed?: recommendations from the CDC
  5. HAND-HYGIENE PRINCIPLES- Rationale: Ettective and frequent hand hygiene can reduce the overall bacteria flora of the skin
  6. What's the rationale for skin sterilization?: It is impossible to sterilize the skin, but every attempt is made to minimize the bacterial flor
  7. HAND-HYGIENE PRINCIPLES- Purposes: handwashing, hand antisepsis, or surgical hand antisepsis is critical for infection control.
  8. What's the purpose of hand hygiene?: Removes surface dirt and eliminates transient bacteria
  9. What does the purpose of hand hygiene help reduce?: resident

5 / flora

  1. What does routine handwashing include?: Soap and water
  2. What do you want to remove with hand hygiene methods?: visible soil and transient microorganisms
  3. How many seconds for non-antimicorbial soap?: 40-60 Seconds
  4. How many seconds for antimicrobial soap?: 15-20 seconds
  5. When should you wash your hands?: -before and after touching a patient -before and after glove placement/removal -after touching any contaminated surface -before leaving the dental operator
  6. What is the perfered facility for a sink?: wide and deep, uses a foot pedal or electronic sensor for water flow
  7. What is the perfered facility for soap?: Use liquid or foam soap; an automatic controlled dispenser is ideal
  8. Why do you want to make sure rinsing is adequate?: to avoid contact dermatitis
  9. What is the perfered facility for towels: disposable towels from a dispenser that requires no contact

7 /

  1. When do you want to wash your hands?: -Before and after treating each patient, before glove placement and after glove removal -Before re-gloving if removing a glove that is torn, cut, or punctured -After touching any objects contaminated with blood or saliva -When hands are visibly soiled -Before leaving the treatment room
  2. What should you do before you wash your hands?: Remove watch and jewelry from hands and fasten hair back
  3. What concentration should you use to decontaminate your hands with?: - 60-95%
  4. What chemical should you use to decomtaminate your hands?: ethanol or iso- propanol - alchol based hand sanitizer
  5. how much hand sanitizer should you apply?: Nickel-sized amount
  6. How long should you let the antiseptic hand rub dry?: 20 seconds

8 /

  1. What should you use isntead of a antispetic hand rub if your hands are visibly soiled?: Use soap and water instead
  2. what is surgical antiseptics?: Water and antimicrobial soap (usually CHX)
  3. How long should you scrub with a sterilized brush?: 2-5 minutues
  4. When do you do surgical antisepsis?: before donning sterile surgeon's gloves for surgical procedures
  5. Why is wearing gloves important?: Wearing gloves is a standard practice to protect both the patient and the clinician from cross-contamination.
  6. What is an effective barrier in treatment/examination gloves?: An ettective barrier is impermeable to patient's saliva, blood, and bacteria.
  7. What are the strength and durability requirements for treatment/examina- tion gloves?: Gloves must resist tears and punctures.
  8. What should treatment/examination gloves be impervious to?: Gloves should be impervious to materials routinely used.

10 /

  1. Types of utility gloves: -Heavy duty: latex, vinyl -Plastic food handler's gloves: to wear as over-glove chairside
  2. What should you do before donning gown, mask, and protective eyewear?- : Wash hands.
  3. What type of hand hygiene should be performed before gloving?: Use an antiseptic handwash or hand rub.
  4. Why must hands be dry before putting on gloves?: To control moisture inside the glove and discourage bacteria growth.
  5. Where should you always glove and deglove?: In front of the patient for reassurance.
  6. How should gloves be positioned when wearing a long-sleeved gown?: Place gloves over the cutt of the gown.
  7. What should you avoid touching to prevent contamination while gloved?: Face, hair, clothing, cell phone, patient records, stool, and non-disinfected parts of the dental unit.
  8. What should you do if a glove is torn, cut, or punctured?: Remove it immediately, perform hand hygiene, and put on new gloves.
  9. What should you do after removing gloves?: Wash hands or sanitize

11 / hands.

  1. What is the recommended practice regarding the length of time gloves are worn?: Use a new pair of gloves for each patient and continually inspect them for tears during the procedure.
  2. How should gloves be stored to maintain their integrity?: Keep gloves in a cool, dark place and avoid exposure to sun and heat.
  3. What can happen if gloves are too large?: Extra material can get caught or torn, making it diflcult to pick up small objects and decreasing tactile sensitivity.
  4. What is the impact of time pressure on glove integrity?: Stress and working too fast increases the risk of glove damage.
  5. What substances should be avoided to maintain glove integrity?: Avoid petroleum jelly and alcohol, as they can break down glove integrity.
  6. What personal grooming items can compromise glove integrity?: Long fingernails and rings can cause tears or perforations in gloves.
  7. What should be done when opening a new box of gloves?: Ensure the box is tightly packed and use care when removing gloves to avoid tears.
  8. What can latex hypersensitivity range from?: Mild dermatitis to life- threatening anaphylaxis
  9. What causes latex sensitivity?: Protein allergens and additives used when

13 / medical surgeries or treatments requiring rubber tubes or drains.

  1. What are some medical conditions associated with increased latex allergy risk?: Spina bifida and genitourinary anomalies.
  2. What types of food allergies are linked to a higher risk of latex allergy?: Allergies to foods in the same family as latex rubber, such as avocado, banana, kiwi, chestnuts, and peanuts.
  3. Why is a thorough health history important for latex allergy risk assess- ment?: It helps identify individuals at high risk for latex allergy.
  4. What are the methods of exposure for latex allergy?: Direct exposure to latex products on skin or mucosa
  5. How can latex allergens become airborne?: Inhalation of the allergen when powder from gloves becomes airborne
  6. What type of hypersensitivity is associated with latex allergy?: Type I hypersensitivity (immediate reaction)
  7. What is urticaria in relation to latex allergy?: Urticaria: hives
  8. What symptoms are associated with dermatitis from latex allergy?: Rash, itching occurs within 5 min to 2 hrs
  9. What are common eye and nose symptoms of latex allergy?: Watery, itchy eyes and nose

14 /

  1. What respiratory symptoms can occur with latex allergy?: Diflculty breathing, asth- ma-like wheezing
  2. What are the key components of personal protection for the dental team?: I. Immunizations II. Maintain Records III. Clinical Attire
  3. What is the purpose of clinical attire in a dental setting?: To prevent contamination from splash, spatter, aerosols, and patient contact.
  4. What type of protective clothing should dental professionals wear?: Gowns or jackets worn over scrubs, not worn out of clinic setting, laundered on site or disposable.
  5. How should hair and facial hair be managed in a dental clinic?: Hair should be worn ott the shoulders and fastened back from the face; facial hair should be covered with a mask and face shield.
  6. What are the requirements for wearing masks in a dental setting?: Masks should have proper filtration, fit well, and be worn properly; they should be changed after every patient, after each hour, or if they become wet.
  7. What is the purpose of eyewear in PPE?: Prevents physical injuries and infections of the eyes.
  8. What can cause eye contamination in a dental setting?: Saliva, biofilm, carious materials, pieces of restorative materials, bacteria-laden calculus, and

16 /

  1. what do you use to disinfect?: EPA-registered Hospital disinfectant or use barriers (tape, plastic bags); use disposable items when possible.
  2. What is a bacteria?: Microscopic single-cell found everywhere
  3. What cna some disease be treated with?: Antibiotics or prevented with vaccination
  4. What are the most common bacteria within the oral cavity?: strep throat and tetanus
  5. What is a virus?: Microscopic organisms that are considered nonliving, as they can only replicate withing a host cell
  6. What cna some viral infections be treated with?: antivirals, or prevented by vaccination
  7. What can be treated with acyclovir, but not cured?: HSV- 1
  8. Hbv cna be prevented with what?: vaccination
  9. What are the two forms fungi can take?: Fungi can be single-celled or complex living organisms.
  10. What type of medication is used to treat fungal infections?: Antifungals.
  11. Are there vaccines available for fungal infections?: No vaccines are

17 / available.

  1. What is an example of a fungus that causes a yeast infection?: Candida albicans.

19 /

  1. Active immunity: Protection acquired by having the disease and recovering
  2. Where does active immunity provide its protection?: Vaccine
  3. Examples of active immunity: -Measles from getting sick or from the measles vaccine