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Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies, Thesis of Management Accounting

University of Phoenix (UOPX)Management Accounting

The three streams of Kingdon's model for policy change and how they work together to bring about policy reform. It also examines the tactics used by policy practitioners to increase the odds of a specific issue being placed on decision agendas. The document asserts that certain issues receive preferential treatment in problem solutions and political streams. The role of social workers in policy practice is also discussed.

Typology: Thesis

2023/2024

Available from 01/22/2024

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Running head: AGENDAS, ALTERNATIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES 1
Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies
Walden University
Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies
Introduction
This paper will discuss the three streams of Kingdon and the personal opinion on which
one most accurately reflects how and why policies come about. As well as the assertion that
certain kinds of issues receive preferential treatment in problem solutions and political streams.
Lastly, it will examine the tactics that policy practitioners use within each of the three streams to
increase the odds that a specific issue will be placed on decision agendas. The first step of policy
reform which is agenda building. The outline process is vital because it grabs the attention of
those in power of decision making or policy changers. Dr. John Kingdon created a model that
helps with policy change.
The three streams Kingdom and personal opinion on which one most accurately reflects
how and why policies come about.
Social workers can play an important role when it comes to policy practice. They can start by
setting agendas and concentrating and examining social problems. One of the first steps of
making a policy practice is agenda building. In order to build an agenda, there are certain
characteristics that need to meet such as having interest, favorable conditions and support for
policy reform (Jansson, 2018). Dr. John Kingdon developed a model that identifies three
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Running head: AGENDAS, ALTERNATIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES 1 Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies Walden University Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies Introduction This paper will discuss the three streams of Kingdon and the personal opinion on which one most accurately reflects how and why policies come about. As well as the assertion that certain kinds of issues receive preferential treatment in problem solutions and political streams. Lastly, it will examine the tactics that policy practitioners use within each of the three streams to increase the odds that a specific issue will be placed on decision agendas. The first step of policy reform which is agenda building. The outline process is vital because it grabs the attention of those in power of decision making or policy changers. Dr. John Kingdon created a model that helps with policy change. The three streams Kingdom and personal opinion on which one most accurately reflects how and why policies come about. Social workers can play an important role when it comes to policy practice. They can start by setting agendas and concentrating and examining social problems. One of the first steps of making a policy practice is agenda building. In order to build an agenda, there are certain characteristics that need to meet such as having interest, favorable conditions and support for policy reform (Jansson, 2018). Dr. John Kingdon developed a model that identifies three

streams that suggest policy change including the problem stream, policy stream, and political stream which are looked through from a policy perspective. He also suggested that policy change only happens when they are combined. The definition for the problem under this model is known as a policy problem in civilization that perhaps needs attention (Howlett, McConnell & Perl, 2014). The political stream discusses the influence the government has, legislative turnover, and difference in public opinion (Howlett, McConnell & Perl, 2014). Lastly, the policy stream discusses possible policy outcomes between policy makers, lobby groups and experts (Howlett, McConnell & Perl, 2014). I believe that all streams in this model are necessary mostly if they work together. With this model of policy change it can truthfully reflect how and why policies occur. Each stream works together in order to help in policy change. The assertion that certain kinds of issues receive preferential treatment in problem solution and political streams. There are certain problems and/or issues that receive special treatment when it comes to the problem solution and political streams with the influence of agenda-setting and alternative- specification actions (Howlett, McConnell & Perl, 2014). The participation of advocates, lobbyists, policy makers plus the three streams are what really matters when assigning agendas. According to Jansson (2018), individuals in charge of decision making are focused on the issues that the society supports because it gains the votes. Decision-makes benefit the support of society and it allows society to offer their feedback to government officials and how they should be mindful when it comes to budget costs (Jansson, 2018). When these issues and/or problems receive the appropriate attention through problem stream and political stream then decision- makers look through the policy window to seek the policy change.

Reference Howlett, M., McConnell, A., & Perl, A. (2014). Streams and stages: Reconciling Kingdon and policy process theory. Retrieved from https://www.sfu.ca/~howlett/documents/10.1111- 1475-6765.12064.pdf Jansson, B. S. (2018) Becoming an effective policy advocate: From policy practice to social justice. (8th^ ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning Series. Chapter 6, “Committing to an issue: Building Agendas” (pp. 176-203)