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West Coast EMT Block 5 Exam
1. A 26-year-old female presents with heavy vaginal bleeding. She is con- scious, but restless. Her blood pressure is 84/54 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. She tells you that she inserted a tampon about 2 hours ago. You should: Select one: A. assist her ventilations with a bag-valve mask, place one sterile dressing into her vagina, perform a rapid secondary assessment, and transport. B. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay. C. administer high-flow oxygen, perform a detailed assessment of her vaginal area for signs of trauma, place her on her side, and transport. D. administer high-flow oxygen, ask her to remove the tampon, perform a de- tailed secondary assessment, and transport promptly. ANS : B. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay.
2. A patient with pelvic inflammatory disease will typically complain of . Select one: A. abdominal pain associated with menstruation B. nausea and vomiting associated with intercourse C. bleeding associated with stress D. aches and fever associated with urination ANS : A. abdominal pain associated with menstruation 3. Causes of vaginal bleeding include which of the following? Select one: A. Ectopic pregnancy B. Vaginal trauma C. Spontaneous abortion D. All of these answers are correct. ANS : D. All of these answers are correct. 4. During gynecologic emergencies, in addition to the standard SAMPLE questions, the EMT should attempt to determine which of the following? Select one: A. The amount of time since of the patent's last menstrual cycle B. The possibility that the patient may be pregnant
5. In anticipation of receiving a fertilized ovum, the lining of the uterine wall: Select one: A. sheds and is expelled externally. B. becomes engorged with blood. C. diverts blood flow to the vagina. D. thins and begins to separate. ANS : B. becomes engorged with blood. 6. In cases of sexual assault, it is important to ensure that you do which of the following? Select one: A. Immediately write down your observations of the scene before assessing the patient. B. Call for a female EMT or ALS care provider. C. Discuss with law enforcement any suspicions that you may have about the perpetrator. D. All of these answers are correct. ANS : D. All of these answers are correct. 7. In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer: Select one:
A. often presents with acute pain. B. is typically not as severe. C. may be relatively painless. D. can be controlled in the field. ANS ANS : C. may be relatively painless.
8. It is common for young females who experience their first menstrual period to: Select one: A. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted. B. become so emotionally distraught that they contemplate suicide. C. lose up to 500 mL of blood within the first 24 hours. D. have a false positive home pregnancy test result. ANS : A. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted. 9. Law enforcement personnel request your assistance to assess a 31-year-old female who was sexually assaulted. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient sitting on a curb outside her apartment. She is conscious, alert, and crying. When you ask her what happened, she tells you that she does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. She further tells you that all she wants to do is clean up. You should: Select one:
B. advise her that she cannot clean herself up because this will destroy evidence. C. perform a limited hands-on assessment to detect life-threatening injuries. D. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma. ANS : D. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma.
10. Patient complaints of pain during intercourse, lower abdominal discom- fort, and nausea may be indicative of which of the following? Select one: A. Chlamydia B. Pelvic inflammatory disease C. Bacterial vaginosis D. Gonorrhea ANS : B. Pelvic inflammatory disease 11. Some women experience during ovulation. Select one: A. slight cramping B. hypotension C. severe abdominal pain D. severe bleeding ANS : A. slight cramping
12. The and are folds of tissue that surround the urethral and vaginal openings. Select one: A. perineum; anus B. fallopian tubes; uterus C. labia majora; labia minora D. vagina; cervix ANS ANS : C. labia majora; labia minora 13. The connect(s) each ovary with the uterus. Select one: A. fallopian tubes B. cervix C. egg D. abdomen ANS : A. fallopian tubes 14. The EMT should ensure that vaginal bleeding is. Select one: A. taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation B. severe enough to warrant transport C. controlled directly by the patient D. not caused by traumatic injury ANS : A. taken seriously and the patient is transport- ed for gynecologic evaluation
18. Select one: A. Rohypnol B. MDMA C. Ketamine D. GHB ANS : A. Rohypnol 19. Which of the following infections, when left untreated, may lead to infec- tion of the blood and brain? Select one: A. Chlamydia B. Gonorrhea C. Pelvic inflammatory disease D. Bacterial vaginosis ANS : B. Gonorrhea 20. While the ages can vary, women typically experience menstruation from approximately to years of age. Select one:
A. 10; 70
B. 10; 40
C. 20; 60
D. 11; 50 Correct: While the ages can vary, women typically experience menstru- ation from approximately to years of age. Select one: A. 10; 70 B. 10; 40 C. 20; 60 D. 11; 50 Correct
21. A 26-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant is experiencing a seizure. Her husband tells you that her blood pressure has been high and that she had been complaining of a headache for the past few days. You should: Select one: A. place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport. B. administer oral glucose for presumed hypoglycemia and transport. C. elevate her legs to improve brain perfusion and keep her warm. D. insert an oral airway and ventilate her with a bag-valve mask. ANS : A. place her on her side, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport. 22. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease or tubal ligations increases a woman's risk for: Select one: A. placenta previa.
D. has abnormally developed blood vessels. ANS ANS : C. is wrapped around the baby's neck.
25. A pregnant trauma patient may lose a significant amount of blood before showing signs of shock because: Select one: A. pregnant patients have an overall increase in blood volume. B. blood is shunted to the uterus and fetus during major trauma. C. pregnant patients can dramatically increase their heart rate. D. pregnancy causes vasodilation and a lower blood pressure. ANS : A. pregnant patients have an overall increase in blood volume. 26. By the 20th week of pregnancy, the uterus is typically at or above the level of the mother's: Select one: A. superior diaphragm. B. pubic bone. C. xiphoid process. D. belly button. ANS : D. belly button. 27. Common interventions used to stimulate spontaneous respirations in the newborn include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. thorough drying with a towel. B. some form of tactile stimulation. C. positive-pressure ventilations.
D. suctioning of the upper airway. ANS ANS : C. positive-pressure ventilations.
28. During your visual inspection of a 25-year-old woman in labor, you see the baby's head crowning at the vaginal opening. What should you do? Select one: A. Maintain firm pressure to the head until it completely delivers. B. Place your fingers in the vagina to assess for a nuchal cord. C. Apply gentle pressure to the baby's head as it delivers. D.Tell the mother not to push and transport her immediately. ANS ANS : C. Apply gentle pressure to the baby's head as it delivers. 29. Following delivery of a full-term baby, you have properly cared for the baby and have clamped and cut the umbilical cord. During transport, you note that the mother is experiencing moderate vaginal bleeding. You should: Select one: A. carefully insert a sterile trauma dressing into her vagina. B. place her legs together and position her on her left side.
A. an expected finding in full-term infants. B. that the fetus is at least 4 weeks premature. C. that full newborn resuscitation will be needed. D. that the baby's airway may be obstructed. ANS : D. that the baby's airway may be obstructed.
34. Three days after delivering her baby, a 30-year-old woman complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. Her level of consciousness is decreased and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect: Select one: A. intrauterine bleeding. B. spontaneous pneumothorax. C. pulmonary embolism. D. acute pulmonary edema. ANS ANS : C. pulmonary embolism.
35. When determining the frequency of contractions, you should time the contractions from the: Select one: A. start of one to the end of the next. B. end of one to the start of the next. C. start of one to the start of the next. D. end of one to the end of the next. ANS ANS : C. start of one to the start of the next. 36. When preparing a pregnant patient for delivery, you should position her: Select one: A. in a supine position with her legs spread. B. on a firm surface with her hips elevated 2 to 4 inches. C. in a sitting position with her hips elevated 12 inches. D. on her left side with the right leg elevated. ANS : B. on a firm surface with her hips elevated 2 to 4 inches. 37. Which of the following questions is of LEAST pertinence when determin- ing whether a mother will deliver her baby within the next few minutes? Select one: A. "Have you had a sonogram?" B. "Do you feel the need to push?" C. "When are you due?" D. "Is this your first baby?" ANS : A. "Have you had a sonogram?" 38. You and your partner are both male and are attending to a 28-year-old
an injury to her upper right arm. When you ask about the incident history, the patient is reluctant to explain what happened and becomes very quiet. Based on this information, you should: Select one: A. contact police and remain at the scene until they arrive and escort you to the hospital. B. continue your care in a private area, document any details regarding the scene and the incident, and reassure her as you provide care. C. ask more detailed questions and press the issue until you have a more detailed understanding of the incident. D. immediately remove the patient from the environment and transport. ANS : B. continue your care in a private area, document any details regarding the scene and the incident, and reassure her as you provide care.
40. Your 22-year-old patient is in active labor. Upon visual inspection, you note that the infant's leg is protruding from the vagina. Appropriate manage- ment of this situation includes: Select one: A. placing the mother in a recumbent position and rapidly transporting. B. gently pulling on the infant's leg in an attempt to facilitate delivery. C. carefully attempting to push the infant's leg off of the umbilical cord. D. placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated. ANS : D. placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated.
41. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: Select one: A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. B. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital. C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. ANS : B. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital. 42. A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? Select one: A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min
