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WGU Biology C190 Exam Questions with Complete
Solution
1. The two new daughter cells will be haploid, but the DNA they contain is still
replicated. The homologous chromosomes have separated and are ready to start the second division, but they have not yet begun the second round of division. Which stage of the cell cycle is this cell in?: Telophase I
2. Homologous pairs of chromosomes have separated into two cells. Sister
chromatids in each cell have not yet lined up in the middle of the cell. Which stage of the cell cycle is this?: Prophase II
3. Which type of cell division results in sex cells?: Meiosis
4. Which characteristic describes both meiosis and mitosis?: Sister chromatids separate
5. How is DNA structured during the metaphase stage of mitosis?: The centromere at the
center keeps DNA lined up at the cell's equator.
6. What is true regarding the transition from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis?:
Sister chromatids are aligned along the center of the cell and then pulled apart into separate chro-matids.
7. Which stage of mitosis is depicted?: Prophase
8. Sister chromatids are being separated and moving towards opposite poles of the
cell.
2 / Which stage of mitosis is this?: Anaphase
9. Chromosomes are structures that contain hereditary material that will be
passed from one generation to the next. According to this information, which organic molecule must be present in chromosomes?: DNA
10. A cell has divided its chromosomes into two new nuclei. The cytoskeleton
of the cell is currently pinching the cell in the middle to form two new cells. In which stage of the cell cycle is this cell?: Cytokinesis
11. What is the function of the histones during S phase?: Organizing and helping to
unwind the DNA so the replication enzymes can access it
12. What is the function of the flagellum?: Locomotion and sensing
13. What is true of a eukaryotic cell?: It contains mitochondria.
14. Some cells need to maintain a set concentration of Na + and K + ions. These
cells are able to do this with the help of the Na/K pump, which transports these ions from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration (against their concentration gradient). Na + is pumped out, and K + is pumped in. Which type of membrane transport is involved in this action?: Active transport
15. Choose the two substances that are the main components in most eukary-
otic cell membranes.: Lipids and proteins
4 / Which type of bond holds these atoms together?: Ionic
25. Which situation describes covalent bonding?: An atom shares an electron with another
atom.
26. Which substance is found in ATP?: Nitrogenous base
27. During the Calvin cycle, a sugar molecule is formed as ATP is converted into
ADP and a free phosphate group. What is happening to energy in this second step of photosynthesis?: Energy is being released from ATP to power the conversion of a sugar molecule.
28. A biological polymer consists of 358 amino acids linked together covalent-
ly. What is this polymer?: A protein
29. A molecule consists of a chain of glucose monomers linked together.
What is the function of this molecule within the cell?: To store energy
30. After a rainy day, a leaf has small droplets of water on its surface.
Which property of water is this an example of?: Cohesion
31. A plastic water bottle is filled with water and placed in the freezer. The next
5 / day the frozen water has expanded, causing the plastic bottle to rupture. Which characteristic of water is this an example of?: Density
32. Which of the following carries the information that determines which
amino acids are used to make a protein?: Messenger RNA
33. In which eukaryotic organelle does protein assembly and modification
occur?: Endoplasmic reticulum
34. A gene contains the sequence CGCATACGGTAC that results in the amino
acid sequence arg-ile-arg-tyr. A mutated version of this gene has an A in place of the second C and produces the amino acid sequence arg-ile-arg-tyr. What is true regarding this mutation?: The mutated gene results in the same amino acid sequence and will result in the same phenotype.
35. Which pattern of inheritance is described when a phenotype results from
the interaction of many genes?: Polygenic inheritance
36. A dog breeder mates two black Labrador retriever dogs. The breeder is
surprised by the offspring produced by this crossing. In addition to offspring with beautiful black coats, there are dogs with brown, gray, and tan coats. Which form of inheritance is this an example of?: Polygenic
37. A cutting is taken from a mature hydrangea plant with blue flowers. The
cutting is planted in acidic soil and produces red flowers.
7 / the tapeworm in his intestines. What is the interaction between the tapeworm and the traveler an example of?: Parasitism
43. In the harsh arctic tundra, the survival of one species is often dependent
on the actions of another. For example, the arctic bumblebee pollinates the arctic poppy flower and receives energy rich nectar in return. Which interaction is occurring between these species?: Mutualism
44. A suckerfish eating food leftover by a shark is an example of which interac-
tion between species?: Commensalism
45. Which two activities assist in the movement of water through its cycle and
take place in living things?: Photosynthesis and aerobic respiration
46. Prairie ecosystems are common within continental interiors in the Northern
Hemisphere. These ecosystems have a thick, nutrient-rich topsoil and are dominated by grasslands and shrubs. Which activity would have a negative impact on biodiversity in a prairie ecosys-tem?: Collecting the rich topsoil to sell in surrounding cities
47. Aquatic habitats (e.g., lakes and streams) throughout the northeastern
United States have been damaged by acidic rainfall. Airborne pollutants re-leased by coal-fired power plants acidify the rain that falls in these regions, which has
8 / led to wide-scale disruptions to ecosystems and a decrease in diversity in these habitats. Which activity would continue to increase the acidity of the rain and negatively impact biodiversity in these aquatic habitats?: Increasing the use of fossil-fuel dependent electrical power
48. Which action would have a direct negative effect on the environment?: Re-
moving native species
