WILD ANIMAL TRACKING APPLICATION USING GPS., Thesis of System Programming

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WILD ANIMAL TRACKING APPLICATION USING GPS.

By:

Iqra Mohamed Gedi

Jibril Yusuf Nur

Bachelor of computer Science faculty of Computing. SIMAD University

Supervisor: Dr.ismail

Signature:___________

i

Contents

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Chapter one Introduction.

1.0. Introduction

This project discusses wild Animal Tracking and Application using a GPS System(1). Global Position System (GPS) is one of several technologies that are utilized in an infinite number of applications today. Tracking devices can be used to monitor and track animals every time. This tracking system may provide you with information about the location and route taken by animals, which you can view from any other remote application that can provide you with the target's actual location. The location of the system. It also contains a web application that gives you the target's exact location. This system allows us to track targets’ overall weather conditions, as well. This system uses GPS, GSM, and IoT technologies. Internet of Things (IoT) is the technology that helps in communication between machines, circuits, and different types of devices(2). IoT Technology is the layered technology architecture, where one-layer acts as sensing data, the second layer can put/process the data in the needed form, the third layer can define different high-end protocols and interfacing logic that helps to send the data(3). Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) An object’s position is determined using signal strength and triangulation from base stations. The easiest way for tracking animals in the earthly system is almost like GPS has presented. The design of animal tracking systems enables the display of an animal’s position on Google Maps(2) The remaining of this chapter will be as follow: in section, I will discuss problem background, in section II will highlight the problem statement, in section III will illustrate the purpose of the study, in section IV will state the objectives of the project, in section V will contain Research Questions, in section VI will focus the scope of the project, in section VII will show Significance of the study while Section VIII will highlight Project organization

1.1. Background of the problem

This section will discuss the background of the study. Animal tracking application using GPS. It can be found in national parks, zoo parks, and other places. In global history, Since the late 1980s, satellite-based global positioning systems (GPS) have provided unique and novel data that have been used to track animal movement. Animal tracking with GPS can give useful data, but the cost of the technology usually limits experimental replication. Limitations on the number of devices available to monitor animal behavior, combined with technical limitations, can reduce the statistical power of experiments and provide significant design issues(4). With the advent of global positioning systems (GPS), mapping landscape features has become a dynamic process with constantly changing data. Maps may now store features and images of dynamic spatial data within computer software that can vary emphasis and size, rather than being just a sequence of static points and lines set at a fixed scale. Dynamic mapping has been influenced by the ability to quickly collect georeferenced data points using GPS. A GPS receives signals from orbiting satellites; based on the time it takes for the signal to reach the GPS receiver the system determines the distance between the GPS unit and the satellite(4). The GPS receiver may calculate its location by combining distance measurements from many satellites. The use of satellite-based devices to track animals began in the late 1980s. In the early 1960s, The Very High Frequency (VHF) was thought up to monitor and track the cattle by setting the transmitter and handheld radio wire at the collar connected to the cattle's neck. These VHF signals are gotten from the recipient supported by a directional radio wire at the client-side side, and so the area of the transmitter can be decided by securing the transmissions from three different areas. This tracking system is additionally called radio signal tracking(1). The availability of satellite-based tracking in the late 1980s and early 1990s provided researchers with animal position and movement data that was more spatially accurate and had a higher temporal frequency than radio-tracking systems. Satellite tracking devices with data recorders allow researchers to acquire a larger number of position points automatically, eliminating the need for researchers to physically track animals for long periods(4).

1.4. Project Objectives

The main objectives of this project are following as: -

1. To investigate the issues related to wild animal scape and the relevant tracking technology.
2. To design a wild application prototype for monitoring the wild animals in the Daarusalaam park.
3. To develop and implement, test, and evaluate the proposed Wild Animal Tracking and Application.

1.5. Research Question.

1. How the implementation of the proposed prototype will improve at Daarusalaam park?
2. How to implement the proposed Wild Animal Tracking and Application at Daarusalaam park?
3. Is Wild Animal Tracking and Application beneficial for the Somali Community?

1.6. Scope of the Project

This is a six-month project which will develop in Mogadishu, Somalia, and will be implemented at Darussalam Park. The development of this project will be used GPS, ARDUINO GSM, and Flutter applications. The scale of this project is limited to the logistic and operation for us.

1.7. Significant of the Project

 GPS allows position assurance on the surface of the Earth and in the air.

 GPS usually allows positions even in bad weather except during cloudy.

 Finally, GPS allows accurate time stamping of position.

1.8. Project Organization

This project report expectedly has been organized into five chapters; The second chapter contains a review of relevant literature on attendance collectors. The methodologies adopted at different stages of carrying out this project are discussed in chapter three. Chapter four is on the design and implementation of the system. The last chapter provides a summary of the work done as well as recommendations for future work on the project.

Chapter Two Literature Review

2.0. Introduction

Literature of the previous research were conducted that is related to Tracking Wildlife

Animals using Application that enables Zoo Park owners to Track wildlife Animals in

order to prevent injury and mortality.

2.1. Overview of wildlife Animal Tracking System

wild animals escaping from parks and wildlife sanctuaries can cause harm and

fatality, therefore a good visibility/traceability system must be implemented to grantee

that this is achieved. The automatic tracking and alarm system can eliminate human and

animal death and injuries due to the straying of wild animals from their habitat and can

also help the forest departments or any other responsible authorities monitor their

movement so that they do not stray out of their habitation zone. This tracking and alarm

system will not be a huge monetary issue for Governments in terms of implementation

and could see a decrement in injuries deaths of human beings and animals(6).

Animal tracking application giving a user the possibility to use their smartphone in

order to upload a sighting with its corresponding geolocation data to a server and to

quickly access other people’s sightings. Animal tracking has been done for far longer than

technology is around. Since the beginnings of mankind, animal tracking was used when

hunting for food. When looking at African countries and especially Namibia, there are

still tribes that to this day have remarkable skills when it comes to animal tracking. One

of those is the native Namibian tribe of the San who have expert knowledge when

looking for ‘spoors’, a term used to describe animal tracks(5).

2.3.4. Flutter

Flutter is a Google-created open-source UI software development kit. It is used to create cross- platform apps from a single codebase for Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, Windows, Google Fuchsia, and the web. Flutter was first mentioned in 2015 and released in May 2017.

2.3.5. Firebase

Firebase Real time Database is a cloud-hosted database that supports iOS, Android, Web, C++ and Unity platforms. Real time means that any changes in data are reflected immediately across all platforms and devices within milliseconds. Most traditional databases make you work with a request/response model, but the Real time Database uses data synchronization and subscriber mechanisms instead of typical HTTP requests, which allows you to build more flexible real-time apps, easily, with less effort and without the need to worry about networking code.

2.4. Research on Existing Systems

2.4.1. wildlife tracking using Sensor.

For years an animal tracking system has been used to analyze animal behaviors for many reasons, such as to observe a migration pattern and environment interaction, evolving demands of animal ethologists, ecologists, natural resource managers, and livestock producers. In particular, analyzing the cat/dog eating habit and wasting pattern as well as the characteristic of environmental information during day time is significant for aiding an interpretation of a probability of an infection and spread out of Opisthorchis Viverrine, i.e., over six million infected people only in the northeastern part of Thailand. The main objective of this proposal is to fulfill the requirements of this interpretation(7).

Figure 1.0 wildlife tracking using Sensor

when their bodily temperature is changed. If animals escape their cages, zookeepers can track their real-time location with GPS of the animals(8).

2.4.3. farm tracking using Arduino and GPS system.

the farm animal location tracking system is designed and mounted on the collar attached to the animal. The tracing collar collects and stores time-stamped data of the location of the collar, which can be viewed to distant places using the transceiver and the system was found fully functional. The Figure 5 represents Decimal co- ordinates of the location in cayenne webpage and decimal co-ordinates of the location is converted to degree using decimal to degree converter. A Pinpoint on the Figure 6 represents Degree of the location co- ordinates tracked on the map and Figure 1.2. represents direction to the farm animal from remote location of the farmer(1). Figure 1.2. farm tracking using Arduino and GPS system.

2.4.4Web Based Animal Tracker System.

in this system a GPS-enabled device was used for daily animal tracking. An integrated modular system has been developed. from GPS data This data is made meaningful by solving its complexity; With Arduino Uno R3 GSM Shield and GPS unit communicate with each other been given. Remote system administration via Arduino GSM It was successfully done over the network. GPS unit Location and usage information has been successfully obtained(9).

2.5. Gap Analysis and System

System Internet Connection Local Database GPS Arduino GSM Wildlife Tracking Mobile App Animal Tracking Using Sensor

NO NO YES YES YES NO YES

Tracking Using RFID

YES YES YES NO NO YES NO

Farm Tracking

YES YES YES NO NO NO NO

CHAPTER THREE SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 3.1 USER REQUIREMENT GATHERING AND ANALYSIS In this chapter, we will discuss how we conducted the system requirements, analysis, and design, and how we provided the overall functionality of the system using UML diagrams It will also look at the methods that will be utilized easily to track, as well as the techniques that will be used to track their place. Furthermore, we discuss the remaining of this chapter.

3.1.1 Requirement Gathering

3.1.1.1 Preliminary Investigation If wild animals from Darussalam Park escape, they can harm city dwellers, causing injuries and even death. Darussalam Park's administrator does not have a system or software for tracking wild animals. The goals of this system are to support Darussalam Park, establish an application tracking system using GPS, and reduce wild animal risks with high accuracy performance. 3.1.1.2 Current system The current system we are attempting to replace is a manual system used to control all wild animals in Darussalam Park. They either use an excel document or a word document to store information about wild animals. 3.1.1.3 The limitations of the current system The main limitations of the system are tracking wild animals is difficult because it takes time, and when tracking wild animals to check their motion, the percentage of accuracy decreases in the manual system. We will use our system to resolve these issues.

3.2 Requirement Analysis

3.2.1 DFD

3.2.2. UML DIAGRAMS

3.2.2.1. Use case diagram

3.2.2.2. Sequence diagram

3.2.2.3. class diagram