WORKSHEET:SOLUTIONS AND COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES
SET A:
1. Find the molarity of all ions in a solution that contains 0.165 moles of aluminum chloride in 820. ml
solution.
Answer: [Al 3+]= 0.201 M , (Cl-] = 0.603M.
2. Find the molarity of each ion present after mixing 27 ml of 0.25 M HNO3 with 36 ml of 0.42 M Ca(NO3)2
(Note: There is no reaction taking place.)
Answer: [H+]= 0.11 M, [NO3-]= 0.59M, [Ca2+]= 0.24 M .
3. Find the molarity of each ion present after mixing 35 ml of 0.42 M K2SO4 with 27 ml of 0.17M K3PO4.
Answer: [K +] = 0.71 M, [SO42-]= 0.24 M, [PO4 3-]= 0.074 M.
4. Calculate the concentration of each ion and the mass of any precipitate when a 0.300 mole of
aluminum hydroxide is added to 50.0 ml of 2.5 M nitric acid solution ( Assume that there is no volume
change upon the addition of the aluminum hydroxide to the solution).
Hint: Write a balanced equation for the reaction taking place.
Answer: 20 g Al(OH)3 left over, [Al3+]=0.83 M, [NO3-]= 2.5M
5. A solution consists of 3.88 g benzene,C6H6 , and 2.45 g toluene ,C6H5CH3. The vapor pressure of pure
benzene at 20. ° C is 75 mm Hg and that of toluene at 20.0 ° C is 22 mm Hg. Assume that Raoult’s law
holds for each component of the solution, calculate the mole fraction of benzene in the vapor. ( molar mass
of benzene= 78.0 g/mole and toluene = 92.0 g/mole.)
Answer= 0.87
6. The freezing point of a glucose solution ( C6H12O6;molar mass= 180.0 g/mole) is - 10.3 ° C . The
density of the solution is 1.50 g/ml. What is the molarity of the glucose solution? ( Kf for water is
1.86 ° C.kg/mole)
Answer: 4.16 mole/L
7. What is the normal boiling point of a 2.70 M solution of KBr that has a density of 1.80 g/ml?( KB for
H2O is 0.512 ° C .kg/mole) Answer=: 101.9 ° C
8. 28.00 ml of 0.670 M potassium carbonate solution is mixed with 15.00 ml of 0.940 M cobalt(III) chloride
a. Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
b. Write the total-ionic and net-ionic equations for the above reaction.
Total ionic:
Net-ionic:
c. Give the name and mass of any precipitate(s)that may have formed.
Answer: 1.87 g of Co2(CO3)3 precipitate.
Calculate the molar concentration of each ion remaining in solution after the reaction is complete.
Answer:concentration of potassium ions= 0.874 M,
concentration of cobalt (III) ions= 0.0372 M
concentration of carbonate ions= 0 M
concentration of chloride ions= 0.986 M
SET B:
1. A solution that contains 12.6 g of a nonvolatile nondissociating solute in 400. g of benzene freezes at 3.6
° C . The normal freezing point of benzene is 5.5 ° C. What is the molar mass of the solute? ( KF for
benzene= 4.96 ° C .kg/mole)
Answer: 82 g/mole
2. Chloroform and methanol form an ideal solution. The solution boils at 22 ° C and 0.255 atm . At 22 ° C ,
the vapor pressure of pure methanol is 0.192 atm and the vapor pressure of pure chloroform is 0.311 atm.
What is the mole fraction of chloroform in the solution?
Answer: 0.529
