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Australia
Population
Population total: 26,768, male: 13,305, female: 13,463,488 (2024 est.) Surfers 2,5 millon of surfers Age structure 0-14 years: 18.3% (male 2,526,772/female 2,369,425) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 8,688,023/female 8,640,671) 65 years and over: 17% (2024 est.) (male 2,090,315/female 2,453,392)
Languages
English 72%, Mandarin 2.7%, Arabic 1.4%, Vietnamese 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, other 15.7%, unspecified 5.7% (2021 est.) Ethnic groups E nglish 33%, Australian 29.9%, Irish 9.5%, Scottish 8.6%, Chinese 5.5%, Italian 4.4%, German 4%, Indian 3.1%, Australian Aboriginal 2.9%, Greek 1.7%, unspecified 4.7% (2021 est.) Location Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean Area total : 7,741,220 sq km land: 7,682,300 sq km water: 58,920 sq km Coastline 25,760 km Beach More than 10000 Climate generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
Geography
Enviroment
Waste and recycling municipal solid waste generated annually: 13.345 million tons (2015 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 5,618,245 tons (2015 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 42.1% (2015 est.)
Culture
National symbol(s) Commonwealth Star (seven-pointed Star of Federation), golden wattle tree (Acacia pycnantha), kangaroo, emu; national colors: green, gold Commonwealth Coat of Arms: Social Structure and Values Larrikinism: Australians are known for their sense of humor, which is often irreverent and self- deprecating. "Larrikin" refers to someone who is cheeky or rebellious but endearing. Fair Go: The concept of a "fair go" is central to Australian identity, emphasizing equal opportunity and fairness in society. Outdoor Lifestyle: Given the generally warm climate, Australians tend to have an active, outdoor lifestyle, with beach culture being particularly important, as well as hiking, surfing, and camping.
Economy
Real GDP $1.588 trillion (2023 est.) $1.535 trillion (2022 est.) $1.472 trillion (2021 est.) Real GDP growth rate 3.44% (2023 est.) 4.24% (2022 est.) 2.11% (2021 est.) Real GDP per capita $59,600 (2023 est.) $59,000 (2022 est.) $57,300 (2021 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.6% (2023 est.) 6.59% (2022 est.) 2.86% (2021 est.) Industries mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals, steel
Political
Government type federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm Capital name: Canberra Administrative divisions 6 states and 2 territories; Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Independence 1 January 1901 (from the federation of UK colonies) Executive branch chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Samantha (Sam) MOSTYN (since 1 July 2024) head of government: Prime Minister Anthony ALBANESE (since 23 May 2022) Legislative branch legislature name: Parliament legislative structure: bicameral CIA, march 03, 2025
National Symbols: National Animal: Bald Eagle 🦅 National Colors: Red, White, and Blue Key Symbols: American Flag, Statue of Liberty, Liberty Bell Social Values & Lifestyle Individualism & Opportunity: The U.S. values independence and the idea that hard work leads to success, often referred to as the "American Dream." Diversity: With a multicultural population, traditions, and lifestyles vary by region. The West Coast, for example, is known for its laid-back, outdoor-loving culture. Patriotism: National pride is strong, reflected in holidays like the Fourth of July. Sports & Outdoor Activities: Football, basketball, and baseball dominate, but outdoor activities like hiking, camping, and surfing—especially in California and Hawaii—are also popular. Innovation & Entrepreneurship: Creativity and business mindset drive much of American culture, from Silicon Valley tech startups to iconic brands. Surf culture, particularly in places like California, is deeply connected to the outdoor lifestyle, freedom, and community spirit, making it a key part of coastal American identity
Economy
Real GDP $24.977 trillion (2023 est.) $24.276 trillion (2022 est.) $23.681 trillion (2021 est.) Real GDP growth rate 2.89% (2023 est.) 2.51% (2022 est.) 5.8% (2021 est.) Real GDP per capita $74,600 (2023 est.) $72,800 (2022 est.) $71,300 (2021 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.12% (2023 est.) 8% (2022 est.) 4.7% (2021 est.) Industries highly diversified, world leading, high-technology innovator, second-largest industrial output in the world; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining
Political
Political Government type: constitutional federal republic Chief of state and President Donald J. TRUMP (since 20 January 2025) Administrative divisions: 50 states and 1 District Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia*, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming Legislative branch: legislature name: Congress - structure: bicameral Independence: 4 July 1776 Legal system: common law system based on English common law at the federal level. Constitution: July - September 1787.
Cultural
Portugal
Population
Languages
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used) Ethnic groups Portuguese 95%; citizens from Portugal’s former colonies in Africa, Asia (Han Chinese), and South America (Brazilian) and other foreign born 5%
Geography
Enviroment
Waste and recycling municipal solid waste generated annually: 4.71 million tons (2014 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 764,433 tons (2014 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 16.2% (2014 est.) Population total: 10,207, male: 4,835, female: 5,371,414 (2024 est.) Surfers More than 15.000 (surfingportugal.com) Age structure 0-14 years: 12.7% (male 662,419/female 631,284) 15-64 years: 65% (male 3,264,766/female 3,371,087) 65 years and over: 22.3% (2024 est.) (male 908,578/female 1,369,043) Location Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain Area total : 92,090 sq km land: 91,470 sq km water: 620 sq km includes Azores and Madeira Islands Coastline 1,793 km Beach More than 500 Climate maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
