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Tipologia: Dispense
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(^) Novel (^) Realism (^) Self-traveller-narrator (^) Encounter with the Other (^) ‘The Colonizer’
(^) Romance (^) Imagination (^) Satire (^) Parody (^) Self-traveller-narrator (^) Encounter with the Other (^) ‘The Colonized’
Robinson Crusoe is considered the first modern novel For the first time, we have a fictitious narrative which the author tries to pass of as true, and where realistic elements are of the greatest importance. The story is told by a first- person narrator, and is thus a fake autobiography. To enchance its realism Defoe supplies many facts about Robinson Crusoe: his name and surname, what part of England he comes from, etc. It is given, in short, a life- profile
IAN WATT, The Rise of the Novel. Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding (1957) The primacy of the economic motive, and an innate reverence for book-keeping and the law of contract are by no means the only matters in which Robinson Crusoe is a symbol of the processes associated with the rise of economic individualism. The hypostasis of the economic motive logically entails a devaluation of other modes of thought, feeling and action: the various forms of traditional group relationship, the family, the guild, the village, the sense of nationality - all are weakened. Economic individualism explains much of Crusoe’s character; economic specialisation and its associated ideology help to account for the appeal of his adventures; but it is Puritan individualism which controls his spiritual being.
Alexander Selkirk, Scotch sailor who survived on a desert island of Juan Fernandez, off the coast of Chile (1704-1709) William Dampier, New Voyage Round the World (1697) Sea voyages (exploration and trade) Shipwrecks
Realism Many details (Crusoe ashore, the building of the fort, etc.) List of objects taken from the ship Daily life (work) Tools (construction, table, chair, umbrella; making bread) Seasons (rain, sun, etc.) Growing crops-Taming animals
From Robinson’s birth to the shipwreck (disobedience, adventures at sea, slave trade, etc.) The first 15 years on the island The footprint changes Robinson’s perspectives The arrival of Friday The return back home
Robinson Crusoe as Bildungsroman Homo economicus Homo faber Natural man (E. Rousseau) A capitalist (K. Marx) Parable of a religious conversion Prototype of the British colonizer
Full title: The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Mariner… (1719) Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719) The Serious Reflections of Robinson Crusoe (1720) Immediate success in England and on the European continent Robinsonades – a new genre W.H. Kingston, Swiss Family Robinson (1879) (original version by J.D. Wyss 1812) R.M. Ballantyne, The Coral Island (1858) R.L. Stevenson, Treasure Island (1883)
Travels into Several remote Nations of the World in four parts By Lemuel Gulliver His four adventures First-person narrative Letter to his cousin Sympson Note by the publisher to the reader
