martedì 5 dicembre 2023!
old english <> german >> anglosaxons!
german-sweden- english come from proto—germanic <<<< proto indo european !
—Evolution of the language !
process of how it became what is spoken today !
Dramatic change !
>> originally the language that was spoken on the island was known as old english >>
highly inflected >> germanic language (& lexic) !
nowadays english rebuilds a different type of words sounds and structure >> passage from
old english to modern english = vary few inflections/ lexical material derives from most
diverse sources !
ENGLISH LANGUAGE !
—Influences !
belongs to the west germanic branch (dutch/ german) {european languages}!
-words of anglosaxon origin >> core vocabulary has germanic origins !
-classic languages like latin & greek!
-romance languages spanish/ france/ italian + languages from all over the world !
germanic languages !
western (dutch german) northern (swedish/norwegian/ icelandic/danish) & eastern (gothic) !
—spoken and written communication is conveyed in a different way!
How english came to england?
—celtic speaking area !
—conquered by romans in 43 a.d. >> latin was introduced on the island !
—happened under the emperor Claudius >> ex. street = strata/ chester= castra!
—consequence of the anglo saxons migrations started in mid fifth century >> germanic
tribes called anglo saxons and judes moved across the north sea and settled on the island
>> speakers of germanic dialects !
Celtics assimilated or forced to move westwards and northwards !
Wales and Scotland are areas where languages of celtic origins are still spoken today !
—present in a number of placed names which derive from celtic languages (ex. Kent/devon) !
—celtic populations lived in Ireland !
Historical development of the english vocabulary !
150-1066 = old english !
1066-1500 = middle english !
1500-1800=early modern english !
1800-today = modern english !
OLD ENGLISH
Featured most prepositions and pronouns !
1
